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Albaneg - Wikipedia Albanian, in the Tosk dialect, is the official language of Albania. Albanian is also one of the official languages of Kosovo, and of the Republic of Macedonia. Gheg (or Geg) is spoken in northern Albania and by the Albanians of Serbia and Montenegro (Southern Montenegro and Southern Serbia), the UN protectorate of Kosovo, as well as those of the Republic of Macedonia. br.wikipedia.org /wiki/Albaneg   (366 words)

Untitled Document The official language, written in a standard roman-style orthography adopted in 1909, was based on the south Gheg dialect of Elbasan from the beginning of the Albanian state until World War II, and since has been modelled on Tosk. Gheg has the more marked subvarieties, the most striking of which are the northernmost and eastern types, which include those of the city of Shkod‘r (Scutari), the neighbouring mountains along the Montenegro border, Kosova, Macedonia, and the isolated village of Arbanasi (formerly Borgo Erizzo) on the Croatian coast of Dalmatia outside Zara (Zadar). The language is still in use in Mandritsa, Bulgaria, at the border near Edirne, and in an offshoot of this village surviving in M‡ndres, near Kilk’s in Greece, that dates from the Balkan Wars. www.geocities.com /come2albania/language.htm   (1700 words)

Encyclopedia: Albanian language Geg (or Gheg) is a northern Albanian dialect. Albanian was proved to be an Indo-European (The family of languages that by 1000 BC were spoken throughout Europe and in parts of southwestern and southern Asia) language in the 1850s (The decade from 1850 to 1859). Albanian, in the Tosk dialect, is the official language of Albania (A republic in southeastern Europe on the Adriatic coast of the Balkan Peninsula). www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Albanian-language   (766 words)

Osmanlı Tarihi Kültürü Medeniyeti Edebiyatı Sanatı The related languages spoken in Italian and Greek enclaves have a common origin with Tosk and appear to be related most closely to the dialect of Çamëria in the extreme south of Albania. Due to the heavy influence of the Italian and Greek languages with which they have come into contact, they have diverged significantly from standard Albanian and are regarded by their speakers as distinct languages. There are two principal dialects, the Tosk and the Gheg which are mutually intelligible depending on the level of speakers' literacy and proficiency in standard Albanian. www.osmanlimedeniyeti.com /wiki/Albanian_language_.html   (1020 words)

Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Albanian language   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Albanian or Gjuha shqipe is a language spoken by more than six million inhabitants of the western Balkan peninsula (Albania, Serbia and Montenegro, Republic of Macedonia, Greece) in south-eastern Europe (Albanians) and in numerous villages in Abruzzo, Apulia, Basilicata, Calabria, Campania, Molise, southern Italy and on the island of Sicily. Languages sharing a common origin with Tosk are spoken by the Arbëreshë of Italy and among the Arvanites of Greece. Some of these words have cognates in Romanian and there is a theory that the language spoken by the Dacians before the Romanization was a language related to proto-Albanian. www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Albanian_language   (964 words)

Albanian language Article, Albanianlanguage Information   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Albanian was proved to be an Indo-European language in the 1850s, that is thought by some to derive principally from either the Illyrian languages or the Dacian language, both spoken in the south-eastern Europe two millennia ago, and forms part of noknown wider sub-group within the Indo-European family. Gheg (or Geg) is spoken in northern Albania and by theAlbanians of Serbia and Montenegro (including theprovince of Kosovo) as well as those of the Republic of Macedonia. Albanian isalso one of the official languages of Kosovo, and of the Republic of Macedonia. www.anoca.org /listen/alphabet/albanian_language.html   (756 words)

Albanian Gheg is spoken in northern Albania and by the Albanians of Serbia and Montenegro (including the province of Kosovo) as well as in the Republic of Macedonia. It is also one of the official languages of Kosovo, and of the Republic of Macedonia. In general, the grammar of Albanian is similar to that of Modern Greek and the Romance languages, especially of Romanian. www.nvtc.gov /lotw/months/february/albanian.html   (630 words)

Arvanitic language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Arvanites do not self-identify as Albanians and have their own history and culture, so, from a sociolinguistic point of view, Arvanitic is a separate language from Albanian. However it frequently is grouped by linguists with the Tosk dialect of the Albanian language. Arvanitic is considered an endangered language due to the large-scale language shift towards Greek among the descendants of Arvanitic-speakers in recent decades. www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Arvanitika   (1237 words)

Dialects (from Albanian language) --  Britannica Student Encyclopedia Indo-European language spoken in Albania and by smaller numbers of ethnic Albanians in other parts of the southern Balkans, along the east coast of Italy and in Sicily, in southern Greece, and in Germany, Sweden, the United States, Ukraine, and Belgium. The word comes from the Ancient Greek dialektos “discourse, language, dialect,” which is derived from dialegesthai “to discourse, talk.” A dialect may be distinguished from other dialects of the same language by features of any part of the linguistic structure—the phonology, morphology, or syntax. A language family that covers a broad geographical region and a vast historical period, the Semitic language group is part of an even larger language family known as Afro-Asiatic, or Hamito-Semitic. www.britannica.com /ebi/article-74918   (787 words)

Encyclopedia: Rhotacism Although it is not an Indo-European language, actually not a natural language at all, J.R.R. Tolkien's Quenya converts -s to -r for historical reasons: Text in Quenya, written in the Tengwar and Latin alphabets Quenya is one of the languages spoken by the Elves in the works of J. Tolkien. The term natural language is used to distinguish languages spoken and signed (by hand signals and facial expressions) by humans for general-purpose communication from constructs such as writing, computer-programming languages or the languages used in the study of formal logic, especially mathematical logic. The Turkic languages are a group of related languages that are spoken by a variety of peoples distributed across a vast area from Eastern Europe to Siberia and Western China with estimated 100-130 million native speakers. www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Rhotacism   (1824 words)

Etymologie, Étymologie, Etymology - AL Albanien, Albanie, Albania - Sprache, Langue, Language Albanian is an Indo-European language and it represents a separate branch of this family on the basis of its idiosyncrasy. The existence of Albanians and Albanian language is witnessed in the second century A.D. by the Greek geographer Ptoleme. The Albanian language is also used (written & spoken) in the parts of the Former Federative Republics of Yugoslavia (Montenegro, Serbia and Macedonia), where ethnic Albanians live. www.wortherkunft.de /~e/a_/al-sprach.html   (700 words)

Etymologie, Étymologie, Etymology - RO Rumänien, Roumanie, Romania - Sprache, Langue, Language ethnologue - Crimean Turkish - Language of RO (E3)(L1) http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=crh ethnologue - Czech - Language of RO (E3)(L1) http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=ces ethnologue - Sedentary Bulgaria - Language of RO (E3)(L1) http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=rmy www.wortherkunft.de /~e/r_/ro-sprach.html   (764 words)

Winne.com - Report on Kosovo, Faces up to the challenges of the future Albanian Language has two principal dialects, Gheg in the north and Tosk in the south, regions which are separated roughly by the Shkumbin River. Therefore the Gheg dialect is spoken in northern Albania, Kosovo, southern Serbia, Montenegro, Macedonia, and in the Croatian coast of Dalmatia. The official language is written in the standard roman-style orthography adopted in 1909. www.winne.com /kosovo/bf07.html   (499 words)

NL9_6: Cultural Forum: The Poetry of Traditional Language In short, whereas today we can feed our language into computers which can discern the various parts of speech, understand the meanings of the words, and even translate them into dozens of other more or less standardized human languages, in the past language was much more anarchic, impossible to tame, and thus much more beautiful. The language she was using may have been particularly suited to our ancestors' nomadic mountain lifestyle of the last 2,000 years, but I am here to tell you that the words still work just as well as they ever did. Other languages have them, too; I think we can agree, however, that all languages seem to be moving away from this colorfulness of expression towards increasing standardization and precision. www.farsarotul.org /nl9_6.htm   (1776 words)

Albanian Information - Albanian.com The two principal dialects, Gheg in the north and Tosk in the south, are separated roughly by the Shkumbin River. Gheg and Tosk have been diverging for at least a millennium, and their less extreme forms are mutually intelligible. The Albanian dialects of Istria, for which a text exists, and of Syrmia (Srem), for which there is none, have become extinct. www.albanian.com /main/culture/language/dialects.html   (280 words)

List of Indo-European languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Indo-European languages include some 443 (SIL estimate) languages and dialects spoken by about three billion people, including most of the major language families of Europe and western Asia, which belong to a single superfamily. Dardic languages (The relation of this subgroup to other Indo Aryan languages is unclear.) Indo-European languages whose relationship to other languages in the family is unclear www.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_Italic_languages   (205 words)

Language Reference Page The current languages are mostly those used for my doctoral work, but I intend to continue adding languages as I have time and as I find good sources of text in electronic form. Gheg is one of the two main dialects of Albanian, spoken by about 2,000,000 people in Albania and the former Yugoslavia. Klingon is a language that was developed for the Star Trek series of movies, and is now used by a small but enthusiastic group of fans. complingone.georgetown.edu /~langid/ref_langs.html   (2141 words)

Albanian language, alphabets and pronunciation Albanian is an Indo-European language which forms its own branch in the Indo-European family and has no close relatives. The dialects are more or less mutually intelligible and Tosk is the official language of Albania, and one of the official languages of Kosovo and Macedonia. Originally the Tosk dialect was written with the Greek alphabet, while the Gheg dialect was written with the Latin alphabet. www.omniglot.com /writing/albanian.htm   (355 words)

Etymologie, Étymologie, Etymology - bg Bulgarien, Bulgarie, Bulgaria - Sprache, Langue, Language ethnologue - Crimean Turkish - Language of BG (E3)(L1) http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=crh ethnologue - Czech - Language of BG (E3)(L1) http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=ces ethnologue - Romani, Balkan - Language of BG (E3)(L1) http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=rmn www.etymologie.info /~e/b_/bg-sprach.html   (467 words)

Indo-European Languages—Satem Branch Click on any language block to view a map of where the language is or was spoken. Languages marked with a dagger (†) are extinct. Languages of the Kashmir Region and upper Indus valley www.danshort.com /ie/iesatem_c.shtml   (65 words)

Tosk Albanian - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Tosk is the southern dialect of Albanian language. The line of demarcation between Tosk and Gheg (the northern dialect) is the Shkumbin River. Tosk has been the basis of the standard Albanian language. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tosk_language   (77 words)

Etymologie, Étymologie, Etymology - MK Mazedonien - Sprache, Langue, Language ethnologue - Northern Macedonian - Language of MK (E3)(L1) http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=mkd ethnologue - Romani, Balkan - Language of MK (E3)(L1) http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=rmn ethnologue - Turkish - Language of MK (E3)(L1) http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=tur www.wortherkunft.de /~e/m_/mk-sprach.html   (348 words)

UPG News The Albanians are divided into two major groups, the Gheg and the Tosk, according to which Albanian dialect they speak. The Gheg live north of the Shkumbin River, while the Tosk live south of the river. The Gheg are a very stern and courageous people; while the Tosk are known to be friendly, lively, and talkative. www.cogwm.org /upg/profiles_oct05.cfm   (798 words)

sauvage noble: Language Quiz II Language Quiz II Mark Liberman of Language Log has posted a second quiz, more challenging than the last (which many of us got right). The language seems to have a pitch accent and a striking prosody that prefers short phrases. Indeed, it is nice to have been brought together by the language quizzes. caelestis.info /sauvagenoble/2004/11/language-quiz-ii.html   (552 words)

Albainian Translation Services - Translators English/Albainian All translators are experienced professionals that translate into their native languages. The country's Shkumbini River has served as the geographical boundary seperating these two language forms with Tosk speaking populations living south of the river and Gheg being spoken to the north. As is true of all Balkan languages, the rise of the Ottoman Empire afforded heavy borrowing from the Turkish language as well. www.greentranslations.com /albanian-translation.html   (254 words)

WORDNET Foreign Language Translation Service - Albanian   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Albanian is an Indo-European language with unclear origins. It is spoken in Albania, as well as in Yugoslavia and in parts of Italy and Greece. A version of the Gheg dialect was the official language in Albanian from 1909 until World War II, when it was replaced with a version of the Tosk dialect. www.wordnet.com /languages/albanian.html   (74 words)

Bey   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) By the late 19th century "Bey" had been reduced to an honorary equivalent of the English-speaking address (not the British courtesy title) "Sir" in Ottoman Turkey, parallel to the contemporary Cockney usage "guv'nor." In modern Turkey and Azerbaijan, bey has the simple meaning of "Mister". In the Gheg north it was a title given by Ottomans specifically to the officials of the empire. In the Tosk south it was used in a similar fashion, however, the main use of the name came to be Bey of the Village. www.infoslurp.com /information/Bey   (425 words)

Ethnologue: Yugoslavia However, ethnic Albanians have boycotted schools and Kossovo's university from 1990 to 1992 to protest lack of instruction in their language. First deaf school in 1840, but sign language is not used in schools. Slovenian Sign Language used in Slovenia is a dialect. www.christusrex.org /www1/pater/ethno/Yugo.html   (466 words)

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