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Topic: Giant cell arteritis

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Polyarteritis nodosa

Vasculitis

Paraneoplastic phenomenon

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Pneumonia

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

Trachea

	Immunology and Uveitis Service \| Medical Professionals \| Articles \| Case Reports
		Giant cell arteritis, temporal arteritis, and Polymyalgia rheumatica in a Danish county.
		Increased incidence of aortic aneurysm and dissection in giant cell (temporal) arteritis.
		Surgical pathology of cranial arteritis and Polymyalgia rheumatica.
	www.uveitis.org /medical/articles/case/gca.html (2094 words)

	Temporal arteritis -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Temporal arteritis, also called giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an (additional info and facts about inflammatory) inflammatory disease of (A vessel in which blood circulates) blood vessels (most commonly large and medium (additional info and facts about arteries) arteries of the head).
		The alternative name (giant cell arteritis) reflects the type of inflammatory cell that is involved (as seen on (Examination of tissues or liquids from the living body to determine the existence or cause of a disease) biopsy).
		The inflammation of the vessel must be demonstrated by removing a small part of the vessel ((Examination of tissues or liquids from the living body to determine the existence or cause of a disease) biopsy) and analysing it for giant cells infiltrating the tissue.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/t/te/temporal_arteritis.htm (465 words)

	Johns Hopkins Vasculitis Center Discusses Types of Vasculitis
		Giant cell arteritis is vasculitis of unknown cause that affects the elderly and is characterized by panarteritis of medium- to large-sized arteries, especially in the extracranial branches of the carotid artery.
		Although giant cell arteritis accounts for only 2% of all fever of unknown origin, it accounts for 16% of fever of unknown origin in patients over age 65 years and is often associated with rigors and sweats.
		In patients with giant cell arteritis, arterial involvement is patchy: therfore, maximizing the chance of diagnosis requires obtaining a long (3 to 4 cm) segment and examining multiple sections.
	vasculitis.med.jhu.edu /typesof/giantcell.html (1596 words)

	Giant Cell Arteritis (Temporal Arteritis) - Patient UK
		Giant cell arteritis is a condition which causes inflammation on the inside of some arteries (blood vessels).
		It is called 'giant cell' because abnormal large cells develop in the wall of the inflamed arteries.
		Giant cell arteritis is uncommon and mainly affects people over the age of 60.
	www.patient.co.uk /showdoc.asp?doc=23068836 (1148 words)

	Giant cell arteritis
		Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an inflammation of the lining of your arteries — the blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from your heart to the rest of your body.
		GCA is also known as granulomatous arteritis — a reference to a particular type of inflammation.
		GCA affects older adults almost exclusively — the average age at onset of the disease is 70, and it rarely occurs in people younger than 50.
	www.cnn.com /HEALTH/library/DS/00440.html (2093 words)

	Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Giant Cell Arteritis
		Giant cell arteritis may cause pain and/or aching of the jaw, severe headache, tenderness of the scalp, and vision problems.
		To diagnose giant cell arteritis, a surgeon may take a sample of a blood vessel on your temple and test it for inflammation (temporal artery biopsy).
		Giant cell arteritis is the more dangerous, because it sometimes leads to serious complications, such as a loss of vision or stroke.
	www.peacehealth.org /kbase/topic/mini/tn6038/overview.htm (664 words)

	Patient Education - Giant Cell Arteritis
		Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a type of vasculitis or arteritis, a group of diseases whose typical feature is inflammation of blood vessels.
		GCA, a disease of blood vessels, often occurs together with polymyalgia rheumatica.
		Giant cell arteritis may be difficult to diagnose and requires prompt treatment to preserve vision.
	www.rheumatology.org /public/factsheets/GCA_new.asp?aud=prs (1050 words)

	Other: Giant Cell Arteritis
		GCA seems to be related, but we're not sure how, to another disease called Polymyalgia Rheumatica, which has similar symptoms and for which it is frequently mistaken.
		Also known as temporal arteritis and cranial arteritis, Giant Cell Arteritis is an inflammatory disorder that causes inflammation and swelling in the arteries of the head, neck and arms.
		Giant cell arteritis occurs exclusively in people who are 50 or older and it becomes more common with age.
	www.thedoctorwillseeyounow.com /articles/other/gca_15 (1017 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Temporal arteritis
		Temporal arteritis is a disorder involving inflammation and damage to blood vessels, particularly the large or medium arteries that branch from the external carotid artery of the neck.
		Giant cell, cranial, or temporal arteritis occurs when there is inflammation and necrosis (death of the tissues) of one or more arteries.
		Giant cell arteritis is seen almost exclusively in those over 50 years old, but may occasionally occur in younger people.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/000448.htm (708 words)

	Temporal Arteritis or Giant Cell Arteritis
		Giant Cell Arteritis, Temporal Arteritis and Cranial Arteritis are terms which can be used when diagnosing an inflammatory disease affecting the medium-sized arteries, more specifically the many arteries which supply the head and eyes.
		When the condition is generalised, the term Giant Cell Arteritis is more likely to be used, but when the effects are limited to the arteries in the scalp, it is more likely that the terms Temporal or Cranial Arteritis will be used.
		Generally speaking there is no known cause for Giant cell arteritis but accompanying sudden loss of vision is related to optic nerve damage caused by the closing off of the central artery to the retina, or one of its branches.
	www.rnib.org.uk /xpedio/groups/public/documents/publicwebsite/public_rnib003665.hcsp (1052 words)

	now: horton giant cell arteritis temporal arteritis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Giant Cell Arteritis (Temporal arteritis) Overview Rare before 50 years old, mean age of onset 70 year old 10 times more common in over 80 years old as in 50 - 60 years old.
		Temporal arteritis is one manifestation of giant cell arteritis, which can affect mainly branches of external carotid artery, but sometimes also the great vessels at the aortic arch and coronaries...
		Temporal arteritis, also known as giant cell arteritis, is an inflammatory condition affecting the medium-sized blood vessels that supply the head, eyes, and optic nerves...
	www.schuenemann-malerbetrieb.de /horton_giant_cell_arteritis_temporal_arteritis.html (353 words)

	Postgraduate Medicine: Heeding clues to giant cell arteritis
		Evaluation of a patient with possible or confirmed giant cell arteritis should include a check for the presence and intensity of all peripheral pulses, careful auscultation for bruits, and determination of blood pressure in both upper extremities.
		Aortic involvement in giant cell arteritis may manifest as thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection of the aorta.
		Giant cell arteritis is associated with a markedly elevated ESR in most patients.
	www.postgradmed.com /issues/2004/05_04/lichstein.htm (2152 words)

	dreddyclinic.com - Giant Cell Arteritis
		It is called 'giant cell' because typical large cells develop in the wall of the inflamed arteries.
		Although GCA can affect the arteries in your neck, upper body and arms, it occurs most often in the arteries in the head, especially the temples.
		The first case of GCA was described in 1890 by a British surgeon whose patient complained that severe head pain prevented him from wearing a hat.
	www.dreddyclinic.com /findinformation/aa/giantcellarteritis.htm (1027 words)

	Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Giant Cell Arteritis
		Giant cell (temporal) arteritis (GCA) is the most common form of vasculitis affecting adults in western countries.
		Activated macrophages and giant cells produce growth factors that contribute to intimal proliferation and stenosis of arteries, events that eventually lead to the ischemic effects.
		Although some studies have found overall mortality of GCA patients to be similar to that of the general age- and sex-matched population, others have noted increased risk of death, particularly related to cardiovascular events.
	www.clevelandclinicmeded.com /diseasemanagement/rheumatology/prcga/prcga.htm (2751 words)

	Giant cell arteritis
		Arteritis means inflammation of the arteries and it is one of those conditions in which the body's own immune system appears to 'attack' it's own tissues, in this case the lining of the arteries of the body.
		Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is considered to be a condition within the spectrum of the more general condition called polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) - of which giant cell arteritis is the more severe form of the illness.
		It is vital that the prevention of osteoporosis is considered from the start and where necessary such preventive measures as calcium and vitamin D supplements, hormone replacement therapy or even the bisphosphonate drugs such as alendronate or etidronate are prescribed.
	www.netdoctor.co.uk /diseases/facts/giantcellarteritis.htm (1642 words)

	Handbook of Ocular Disease Management - Giant Cell Arteritis
		GCA is an idiopathic inflammation of medium and large arteries where the muscular wall of these vessels is infiltrated by monocytes, histiocytes, plasma cells, and multinucleate giant cells.
		GCA is a multi-system, multi-symptom disorder-virtually any vessel within the body may be involved.
		Giant cell arteritis and its visual manifestations should not be handled by a primary care optometrist, or even a general ophthalmologist.
	www.revoptom.com /handbook/sect7b.htm (742 words)

	Giant Cell Arteritis
		This is a disease characterised by inflammation("itis") of large and medium sized blood vessels ("arteries"), with infiltration of small and large blood cells ("giant cell").
		An alternative name for this condition is "temporal arteritis" as the blood vessels in the temple area of the head are commonly affected.
		GCA is closely associated with the "Polymyalgia Rheumatica Syndrome", which presents as general weakness, pain and stiffness in muscles and joints.
	www.vasculitis-uk.org /gca.htm (639 words)

	Arthritis Directory: Arteritis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		arteritis arteritis of burning his hands, of his writings and on its physical side, of sat with his arm respiration tends to this cast of Ledgerdemayne, usual, of torture proper to the invited the...
		Temporal Arteritis by drdoc on-line Temporal arteritis is an inflammatory disease affecting blood vessels with a granulomatous type of inflammation and resulting in a blockage of blood supply to the...
		Temporal arteritis is an inflammatory condition of the temporal artery that is not caused by a...
	www.arthritisdir.com /Arteritis (1647 words)

	Giant Cell Arteritis Disorder Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Giant cell arteritis is a chronic inflammatory disease...
		Giant cell arteritis is closely related to polymyalgia rheumatica, another inflammatory disorder.
		Giant cell arteritis, also known as temporal arteritis and cranial arteritis, is a disorder that results in swelling of arteries in the head...
	www.manna-relief.com /directory/Giant-Cell-Arteritis-Disorder.html (373 words)

	THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 5, Ch. 50, Diffuse Connective Tissue Disease
		Etiology and pathogenesis of temporal arteritis (TA) are unknown.
		The histologic reaction is a granulomatous inflammation of the intima and inner part of the media; lymphocytes, epithelioid cells, and giant cells predominate.
		Presentations are diverse, depending on the distribution of the arteritis, but typically include severe headache (especially temporal and occipital), scalp tenderness, and visual disturbances (amaurosis fugax, diplopia, scotomata, ptosis, blurred vision).
	www.merck.com /mrkshared/mmanual/section5/chapter50/50l.jsp (526 words)

	Polymyalgia Rheumatica,Giant-Cell Arteritis
		giant-cell arteritis are correlated with the up-regulation of
		The incidence of giant cell arteritis in Olmsted County, Minnesota: apparent fluctuations in a cyclic pattern.
		Neurologic disease in biopsy-proven giant cell (temporal) arteritis.
	www.medical-journals.com /real23.htm (4744 words)

	eMedicine - Giant Cell Arteritis : Article by Manolette R Roque, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Surgery, ideally performed while the GCA is inactive and in the absence of steroid therapy, may be necessary in as many as 41% of those with thoracic aortic aneurysms.
		Polymyalgia rheumatica is a clinical syndrome characterized by aching in the proximal portions of the extremities and torso.
		Tovilla-Canales JL: Ocular manifestations of giant cell arteritis.
	www.emedicine.com /oph/topic254.htm (4878 words)

	Questions and Answers About Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Giant Cell Arteritis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Giant cell arteritis, also known as temporal arteritis and cranial arteritis, is a disorder that results in swelling of arteries in the head (most often the temporal arteries, which are located on the temples on each side of the head), neck, and arms.
		Doctors and patients both need to be aware of the risk of giant cell arteritis in people with polymyalgia rheumatica and should be on the lookout for symptoms of the disorder.
		Researchers studying possible causes of polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis are investigating the role of genetic predisposition, immune system abnormalities, and environmental factors.
	www.niams.nih.gov /hi/topics/polymyalgia (1550 words)

	Arthritis - Giant Cell Arteritis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Giant Cell Arteritis - Giant cell arteritis (GCA) also is called temporal arteritis, cranial arteritis, and granulomatous arteritis.
		Giant cell arteritis: epidemiological clues to its pathogenesis and...
		Giant cell arteritis: epidemiological clues to its pathogenesis and an update on its treatment E. Nordborg and C. Nordborg
	pain-relief-arthritis.info /traffic/giantcellarteritis (377 words)

	Giant cell arteritis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Giant cell arteritis (GCA) or temporal arteritis is a systemic vasculitis which involves large and medium-sized vessels, especially the extracranial branches of the carotid artery, usually in persons older than 50 years.
		Feared complications of GCA are permanent visual loss, ischaemic strokes and thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms.
		Mortality in patients with GCA seems to be similar to that of controls, probably due to a correct diagnosis and management.
	orphanet.infobiogen.fr /static/GB/giant_cell_arteritis.html (95 words)

	MEDLINE Abstracts: Giant Cell Arteritis
		Methods and Results: To assess the clinical relevance of neovascularization in giant-cell arteritis, angiogenesis was measured in temporal artery sections from 31 patients with biopsy-proven giant-cell arteritis by staining endothelial cells with Ulex europaeus lectin.
		None of the patients with giant-cell arteritis had a normal temporal artery inspection and a hypoechoic halo on ultrasonography.
		2002;69:367-372 Giant cell arteritis is characterized by diffuse arterial inflammation that selectively involves the superficial temporal arteries but can occur in larger arteries.
	www.medscape.com /content/2003/00/44/82/448255/448255.xml (1503 words)

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