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Topic: Gigabit Ethernet

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	What is Gigabit Ethernet
		Gigabit Ethernet is a function of technological evolution in response to industry demand.
		Gigabit Ethernet was originally designed as a switched technology, using fiber for uplinks and for connections between buildings.
		Because Gigabit Ethernet is based on Ethernet technology, its migration path is consistent with the familiar path from 10Mbps to 100Mbps.
	www.pulsewan.com /data101/gigabit_ethernet_basics.htm (1608 words)

	Gigabit Ethernet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) is a term describing various technologies for transmitting Ethernet packets at a rate of a gigabit per second, as defined by the IEEE 802.3-2005 standard.
		The initial standard for gigabit Ethernet was standardized by the IEEE in June 1998 as IEEE 802.3z.
		Fiber gigabit Ethernet has recently been overtaken by 10 gigabit Ethernet which was ratified by the IEEE in 2002 and provided data rates 10 times that of gigabit Ethernet.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gigabit_Ethernet (1220 words)

	Gigabit Ethernet
		Since, Gigabit Ethernet is 10 times faster than Fast Ethernet, to maintain the same slot size, maximum cable length would have to be reduced to about 10 meters, which is not very useful.
		Gigabit Ethernet is essentially a "campus technology", that is, for use as a backbone in a campus-wide network.
		Gigabit Ethernet is expected to give existing high speed technologies such as ATM and FDDI a run for their money.
	www.cse.wustl.edu /~jain/cis788-97/ftp/gigabit_ethernet (3252 words)

	Storage Networking World Online - Tech Edge - Gigabit Ethernet: settling in as a storage networking standard
		Gigabit Ethernet is a frequent topic of discussion in public forums these days.
		McRoberts implemented Gigabit Ethernet using equipment from Extreme Networks, and experienced "instant success." As a result, he is interested in evaluating 10 Gigabit Ethernet once it becomes available, and iSCSI.
		According to a source at Alacritech, a gigabit version of the card was expected to be announced as soon as early May. SysKonnect also offers networking adapters that provide multiple ports and perform some of the IP processing on the card.
	www.snwonline.com /tech_edge/gigabit_06-04-01.asp?article_id=31 (1189 words)

	Neterion \| Solutions \| Overview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		10 Gigabit Ethernet has been used in MAN and WANs for several years and is now beginning to migrate to the data center as a medium of choice for high-speed backbone transport.
		As 10 Gigabit Ethernet gains wider adoption, the server/storage silos and data islands can be integrated and provide exponential improvements in bandwidth performance, lowered latency, NAS (network attached storage) performance and reduced cabling expenses.
		Ethernet recently celebrated its 30 birthday and is now used in over 85% of all network connections.
	www.neterion.com /solutions/overview.html (900 words)

	Gigabit Ethernet - The Wave of the Future
		Gigabit Ethernet (also know as Fast Ethernet or Fast LAN) is Ethernet that provides speeds of 1000 Mbps—one billion bits per second.
		Like its Ethernet and Fast Ethernet precursors, Gigabit Ethernet is a physical (PHY) and media access control (MAC) layer technology, specifying the Layer 2 data link layer of the OSI protocol model.
		Gigabit Ethernet Leverages Ethernet Equipment Costs The goal of the IEEE 802.3z Task Force, which developed the Gigabit Ethernet standard, was to specify connections that delivered 10 times the performance of Fast Ethernet at very affordable prices.
	www.protocols.com /papers/gigabit.htm (399 words)

	Lantronix Fast Ethernet Tutorial: Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet Technologies
		These LAN (local area network) standards have raised the Ethernet speed limit from 10 megabits per second (Mbps) to 100Mbps for Fast Ethernet and 1000Mbps for Gigabit Ethernet with only minimal changes made to the existing cable structure.
		Between Ethernet switches, Fast Ethernet repeaters are used to connect a group of switches together at the higher 100 Mbps rate.
		Full-duplex Ethernet enables the connection speed to be doubled by simply adding another pair of wires and removing collision detection; the Fast Ethernet standard allowed full-duplex Ethernet.
	www.lantronix.com /learning/net-tutor-fastetnt.html (1555 words)

	Cisco - Strategic Directions: Introduction to 10 Gigabit Ethernet
		The newest version of Ethernet, 10 Gigabit Ethernet, moves the decimal point from one to ten gigabits per second, enabling Ethernet to match the speed of the fastest technology on the WAN backbone, OC-192, which runs at approximately 9.5 Gbps.
		Ethernet remains an asynchronous link protocol, so that timing or synchronization is maintained within each character in the bit stream of data and the receiving router, switch, or hub has the opportunity to retime the data and resynchronize at the beginning of the character.
		Ethernet frames are mapped into the SONET payload envelope until the latter is full and, should a packet not be fully mapped by the time the envelope is full, the remainder will simply be mapped into the beginning of the next envelope.
	www.cisco.com /warp/public/cc/techno/lnty/etty/ggetty/tech/10gig_wp.htm (6385 words)

	Intel® Network Connectivity - Gigabit Ethernet
		Gigabit Ethernet is an extension of the widely used 10 Mbps Ethernet and 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet standards for network connectivity.
		Gigabit Ethernet compatibility with Ethernet preserves investments in administrator expertise and support staff training, while taking advantage of user familiarity.
		The dominance of Ethernet is continuing to grow beyond 1998, particularly as this compatible and scalable standard moves to gigabit speeds.
	www.intel.com /network/connectivity/resources/technologies/gigabit_ethernet.htm (456 words)

	Gigabit Ethernet gets practical - TechUpdate - ZDNet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Gigabit Ethernet is a networking standard based on Ethernet-standard packets of information sent over optical fibres or ordinary twisted-pair cabling at up to 1,000Mbps.
		There have been attempts to sell Gigabit Ethernet on the back of voice over IP or streamed video requirements, but as such applications take up a vanishingly small amount of bandwidth even on 100Mbps Ethernet the move to gigabit speeds isn't required.
		In server farms, Gigabit Ethernet is proving popular as a low-cost, high-speed storage unit interconnect, and in its fibre forms it is being promoted as a good backbone protocol for metropolitan area networks and the like.
	techupdate.zdnet.com /techupdate/stories/main/0,14179,2901574,00.html (884 words)

	IT Architect \| Gigabit Ethernet Gets a New Look \| August 1, 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		From the start, Gigabit Ethernet was positioned as a way to upgrade Fast Ethernet backbone connections, including those from switch to switch as well as from switches to server farms.
		Gigabit Ethernet over multimode fiber has a distance limitation of just over 500 meters (m), making it a good choice for building backbones and server connections.
		Gigabit Ethernet has been essentially closed off to potential users who don’t have a fiber optic backbone and can’t afford one in the near term.
	www.itarchitect.com /shared/article/showArticle.jhtml?articleId=8702502 (1515 words)

	Gigabit Ethernet Solutions - Speed, Performance, and Flexibility for Enterprise Networking
		The 3Com SuperStack® 3 Switch 4900 family of wire-speed Gigabit Ethernet switches is ideal for the core and the server farm of enterprise networks or as wiring closet switch aggregators offering a choice of copper or fiber connectivity.
		The SuperStack 3 Switch 4924 is a high performance, fixed configuration multilayer Gigabit Ethernet switch, providing 24 switched 10/100/1000 ports for the server farm and the wiring closet of enterprise networks.
		The SuperStack 3 Switch 4950 is a high performance, fixed configuration multilayer Gigabit Ethernet switch providing 24 ports in a combination of 10/100/1000, 1000BASE-SX, and GBIC ports.
	www.3com.com /en_US/jump_page/gigabit_leadership.html (545 words)

	BYTE.com
		Pundits say that Gigabit Ethernet, because of its relatively low cost and easy fit with existing Ethernet, will be adopted quicker than previous high-speed technologies such as Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) and asynchronous transfer mode (ATM).
		Gigabit Ethernet products that vendors are releasing will typically feature new silicon and firmware/software based on the draft that was frozen in July.
		In July, the Gigabit Ethernet Allian ce, representing the industry, announced the formation of a Gigabit Ethernet Consortium at the University of New Hampshire interoperability lab.
	www.byte.com /art/9710/sec5/art3.htm (2799 words)

	RFP: Gigabit Ethernet Networks \| Page 1 \| May 3, 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Gigabit Ethernet is the logical choice for a low-cost, high-performance network upgrade, providing unparalleled speed and ease of management.
		To get a sense of the Gigabit Ethernet upgrade solutions vendors offer, we put out an RFP for a fictitious publishing company called MediaMagik, which aims to upgrade its existing backbone network.
		MediaMagik has experimented with FDDI, Fast Ethernet and ATM in the core of its backbone, but now hopes to move from a routed 100-Mbps backbone with 10-Mbps switched desktop connections to a switched and routed Gigabit Ethernet with 100-Mbps desktop connections.
	www.networkcomputing.com /1009/1009f1.html (845 words)

	Study Gives Gigabit Ethernet An Edge Over ATM - Technology News by TechWeb
		Gigabit Ethernet technology is poised to challenge established networking technologies such as ATM during the next three years, and could even invade the corporate backbone, which has long been considered ATM's strongest refuge, according to a new market study by Multimedia Research Group.
		The study's authors said the barriers to Gigabit Ethernet may be surmountable over the next three years.
		Unlike competitor ATM, Gigabit Ethernet "has the advantage of building on the familiar technical, operational, and logical foundation of Fast Ethernet [100 megabits per second] and Ethernet4" technologies, they added.
	www.techweb.com /wire/story/TWB19980212S0003 (475 words)

	Gigabit Ethernet Analyser, GigE Sniffer
		Gigabit Ethernet builds on top of the Ethernet protocol, but increases speed tenfold over Fast Ethernet to 1000 Mbps, or 1 gigabit per second (Gbps).
		Since Gigabit Ethernet significantly leverages on Ethernet, customers will be able to leverage their existing knowledge base to manage and maintain gigabit networks.
		Gigabit Ethernet is a viable technology that allows Ethernet to scale from 10/100 Mbps at the desktop to 100 Mbps up the riser to 1000 Mbps in the data center.
	www.gigabit-analyser.com (363 words)

	Aspen Systems, Gigabit Ethernet Networking
		Ethernet has been the dominant networking protocol since its inception in the early 1970's.
		Since Gigabit Ethernet technology is an extension of the original Ethernet protocol, users are able to leverage their existing knowledge base to manage and maintain gigabit networks.
		Gigabit Ethernet is an excellent solution for file servers, high-speed workstations, graphics systems, server farms, server mirroring, fast backup and special applications requiring very fast networks.
	www.aspsys.com /hardware/networks/gigabit (537 words)

	3. Gigabit Ethernet-The Internet Protocol Journal - Cisco Systems
		The strategy for Gigabit Ethernet is the same as that for 100-Mbps Ethernet.
		The gigabit specification expands on the pause protocol that is defined for 100-Mbps Ethernet by allowing asymmetric flow control.
		Gigabit Ethernet: Technology and Applications for High-Speed LANs by Rich Seifert, ISBN 0-201-18553-9, Addison Wesley, 1998.
	www.cisco.com /web/about/ac123/ac147/ac174/ac199/about_cisco_ipj_archive_article09186a00800c85a6.html (1311 words)

	Ethernet Topologies Gigabit LAN Standards Gigabit Ethernet Leads the Way Over Fiber
		For gigabit 100VG, both the 802.3 and the 802.5 (token ring) MAC layers must be mapped.
		Multimode fiber should be able to carry gigabit transmissions to 500 meters; with single-mode fiber, that distance should reach 2 kilometers.
		Backers of the new gigabit LANs also argue that their standards are out ahead of ATM when it comes to price and performance.
	www.arcelect.com /ethernet.htm (3427 words)

	What is Gigabit Ethernet? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The first Gigabit Ethernet standard (802.3z) was ratified by the IEEE 802.3 Committee in 1998.
		Gigabit Ethernet: Siemens Scalance Wireless - Industrial-grade wireless equipment and security appliances, including gigabit ethernet and network security devices for harsh/outdoor environments.
		Gigabit Ethernets: L-com Connectivity - Factory direct manufacturer of connectivity products in the United States and distributor for name-brand 1000Base-T switches, patch cables and panels.
	www.webopedia.com /TERM/G/Gigabit_Ethernet.html (214 words)

	Gigabit Ethernet Test and Measurement Tools Protocol Analyzers, BERT Tester, Delay Emulation, Physical Layer Switches
		The Xgig Gigabit Ethernet Analyzer system is a combined hardware and software solution that collects and analyzes information.
		Gigabit Ethernet Delay Emulators provide network testing which accurately simulates real-world network conditions, ensuring that your endpoint hardware and software solutions perform as expected.
		Bus Doctor Gigabit Ethernet Analyzer with its modularity, portability, deep trace buffers, versatile configurability, and feature-rich software is the world's most powerful protocol analyzer.
	www.protocoltools.com /gigabitethernet (543 words)

	What is Gigabit Ethernet? - a definition from Whatis.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		- Gigabit Ethernet, a transmission technology based on the Ethernet frame format and protocol used in local area networks (LANs), provides a data rate of 1 billion bits per second (one gigabit).
		Gigabit Ethernet is defined in the IEEE 802.3 standard and is currently being used as the backbone in many enterprise networks.
		Gigabit Ethernet is carried primarily on optical fiber (with very short distances possible on copper media).
	searchnetworking.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid7_gci212193,00.html (214 words)

	Ethernet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The experimental Ethernet described in that paper ran at 3 Mbit/s, and had 8-bit destination and source address fields, so Ethernet addresses weren't the global addresses they are today.
		The Ethernet Version 2 or Ethernet II frame, the so-called DIX frame (named after DEC, Intel, and Xerox); this is the most common today, as it is often used directly by the Internet Protocol.
		In principle this is not interoperable with the other later variants of 802.x Ethernet, but since IPX has always FF at the first byte (while LLC has not), this mostly coexists on the wire with other Ethernet implementations, with the notable exception of some early forms of DECnet which got confused by this.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ethernet (4575 words)

	Vitesse - Technologies - Gigabit Ethernet (GbE)
		Vitesse’s Ethernet design team earned the award, which was sponsored by Electronics Weekly, for its outstanding development work on the SparX™ family of Ethernet switches.
		Ethernet has grown from its quiet beginnings in the early 1970’s in the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center to become the ubiquitous technology of Local Area Networks (LANs).
		The Ethernet market is undergoing a massive transition from existing Fast Ethernet networks to Gigabit Ethernet networks, triggered by the key fact that modern telecommunications is the convergence of voice, video, and data, into digital bit streams that require significant amounts of bandwidth.
	www.vitesse.com /technologies/index.php?id=7 (1373 words)

	Son of Gigabit Ethernet
		Ethernet is like a popular movie - the string of sequels is inevitable, and each sequel tries to be bigger and better than the one before.
		After Ethernet, Fast Ethernet and the most-recently completed Gigabit Ethernet, the industry is already starting to look ahead to 10-Gigabit Ethernet.
		In a recent survey of 225 companies, Infonetics Research found that 40% plan to implement Gigabit Ethernet in their network backbones during the next 18 months, with 19% hooking in servers and 9% running the technology to the desktop.
	www.networkworld.com /news/1999/080910ge.html (1264 words)

	WildPackets - Gigabit Ethernet
		An understanding of the IEEE 802.3z standards for Gigabit Ethernet begins with a perspective on an earlier technology called Fibre Channel.
		Gigabit Ethernet allows connection between two devices in either a full-, or a half-duplex mode.
		Initially, Gigabit Ethernet will be deployed as a fast backbone for 100-Mbit switches.
	www.wildpackets.com /support/compendium/gigabit_ethernet/overview (5485 words)

	CNN.com - Sci-Tech - Gigabit Ethernet for the masses - April 27, 2001
		A recent slew of cheap Gigabit Ethernet product announcements from many vendors backs up this notion, with several Gigabit switches and network interface cards (NIC), and even laptop adapters available now or on the horizon.
		Gigabit Ethernet is becoming a network commodity, says Lauri Vickers, an analyst with Cahners In-Stat.
		At $180, the adapter costs less than half the average industry price for a Gigabit Ethernet NIC in 2000, which IDC estimates to be about $460.
	archives.cnn.com /2001/TECH/ptech/04/27/gigabit.ethernet.idg (552 words)

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