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Topic: Gigantomachy

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	Gigantomachy
		The sculptures that represent the gigantomachy are placed upon buildings such as the Parthenon, vary in their form and composition as they relate to the contemporary mythology, and can be compared to other gigantomachies, that were used at other buildings.
		The east metopes of the Parthenon are determined to be a gigantomachy representation with Herakles, Eros and a giant fighting in East Metope IX and Athena, Nike and a giant in East metope IV, as symmetry is used, as all the metopes correlate to each other and the rest of the building.
		Other sculptures of the gigantomachy are on the temple of Zeus Olympios at Akragas, the northern frieze of the Treasury of the Siphnians, the altar of Athena at Priene and vase paintings also represent scenes from this important episode in Greek mythology.
	members.tripod.com /~Kekrops/Hellenistic_Files/Gigantomachy.html (1611 words)

	Gigantomachy
		The Gigantomachy was a great battle in Greek mythology fought between the Olympian gods and the Gigantes, children of Ge (the primordial Earth mother), who rose up in arms against the Olympians in an attempt to end the Olympian reign.
		In the Gigantomachy, however, the Olympians were already in power when the Gigantes rose to challenge them.
		The Gigantomachy was interpreted even in ancient times as a kind of indirect "revenge of the Titans" (the elder race of Gods) upon the Olympians, as the Gigantes' reign would have been in some fashion a restoration of the age of the Titans.
	www.mlahanas.de /Greeks/Mythology/Gigantomachy.html (306 words)

	Parthenon, Akropolis, Athens, ca. 447-432 B.C.E.
		The 14 metopes on the east side are in a sadly battered state having been chiseled down in the Early Christian era when the Parthenon was converted into a church dedicated to the Virgin Mary.
		In fact, the gods learned from an oracle that they could only defeat the giants with the assistance of a mortal, and so the hero Herakles (the illegitimate son of Zeus and the mortal woman Alkmene) was enlisted.
		Herakles is a typical figure in gigantomachy scenes.
	www.willamette.edu /cla/wviews/slides.cgi?m6 (206 words)

	ART REVIEW;A Hellenistic Epic In Stone Panels - New York Times
		A massive pile of baroque sculptural extravagance, it is the textbook definition of Hellenistic art, with the famous Gigantomachy frieze on the outside of it; the Gigantomachy is an amazing, tangled relief, more than 300 feet long, that depicts gods battling giants.
		For historians of ancient Greek art, it is significant that the frieze is the first known instance of continuous narrative, which means that the work is organized like, say, a comic book: as a sequence of discrete panels, with the same figures appearing in more than one panel.
		Almost as a novelty, she has excavated, so to speak, from the museum's warehouse a plaster cast of a figure from the Gigantomachy, the sort of plaster cast that used to be common in American museums a century ago.
	query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=9E03E3DF1E39F93AA25752C0A960958260&sec=&pagewanted=all (1028 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Gigantes
		In Greek mythology, the Gigantes were a race of giants, children of Ge (the primordial Earth mother), who was fertilized by the blood of Ouranos that resulted from his castration by Cronus.
		More impressive depictions of the Gigantomachy can be found in classical sculptural relief, such as the great altar of Pergamon, where the serpent-tailed giants are locked in battle with a host of gods.
		The most important of the Gigantes were Alcyoneus slain by Heracles, Porphyrion destroyed by Zeus with lightning bolts, Enceladus and Pallas killed by Athena, Polybotes crushed by Poseidon beneath Nisyros Island, Hippolytus by Hermes, Ephialtes shot by Apollo with arrows, Mimas by Hephaestus with bolts of metal and Clytius by Hecate with flaming torches.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Gigantes (2005 words)

	Gigantomachy (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Gigantomachy was a great battle in Greek mythology fought between the Olympian gods and the Gigantes, children of Ge (the primordial Earth mother), who rose up in arms against the Olympians in an attempt to end the Olympian reign.
		This battle happened some time after the titanomachy, a fierce struggle between the upstart Olympians and their older predecessors, the Titans (who would lose the battle and succumb to the younger Olympians).
		The Gigantomachy was interpreted even in ancient times as a kind of indirect "revenge of the Titans" upon the Olympians, as the Gigantes' reign would have been in some fashion a restoration of the age of the Titans.
	gigantomachy.borgfind.com (170 words)

	Adams: Lucan's Clash of the Titans (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The incipit of Lucan's poem on the civil war between Caesar and Pompey, Bella per Emathios plus quam civilia campos, pinpoints rather imprecisely the Emathian plains of Thessaly as the geographical center and culmination of the Pompeian plot in the battle of Pharsalos.
		By shifting Pharsalos to the Emathian fields, Lucan rewrites the wars between the Olympians and the Giants, the original Emathian wars, with Caesar and Pompey as the new warring deities.
		Likewise, in Ovid's Metamorphoses 5 the daughters of Pieros —who are also called Emathides—sing a Gigantomachy in their contest with the Muses, and invest the region with antiOlympianism.
	www.camws.org /meeting/2006/abstracts/adams.html (368 words)

	History of Chalkidiki
		The fight was still in balance, until Zeus asked help from the immortal sons of Hercules and Dionysus and finally the Olympian Gods won.
		During the period of the gigantomachy, the goddess Athena threw the peninsula of Kassandra at the giant Engelados; then the giant Athos threw the third peninsula of Chalkidiki at the Olympians.
		The gigantomachy was an inspirational subject for many artists and poets of that time.
	www.greek-tourism.gr /chalkidiki/historyuk.htm (762 words)

	gigantomachy
		GIGANTOMACHY, 531 B.C. victories over the Persians were habitually represented in terms of Lapiths battling Centaurs or Greeks fighting Amazons."
		The Giants, who were the malformed bestial sons of Ge (earth), threatened the cosmic order by seeking to oust the ruling gods of Mount Olympus.
		Gigantomachy first represented the Greek victory over invading Persians in the 5th Century B.C., and then was used repeatedly to commemorate victories.
	www.ea.pvt.k12.pa.us /htm/Units/Upper/arts/a/history/peragmon/ctelephos.htm (186 words)

	Parthenon, Akropolis, Athens, ca. 447-432 B.C.E. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Because of the poor condition of the metopes, most of the identifications of the gods are uncertain and not all follow schemes met elsewhere in Greek art.
		It is also likely that it is Athena's role in the gigantomachy that is most celebrated here as a symbol of the Athenian victory over the Persians in 479 B.C.E. and of Athenian victories in general.
		The gigantomachy theme is also painted on the interior of the shield held by the Athena Parthenos cult statue and is woven into the new peplos presented to Athena at the Greater Panathenaia (probably represented on the Parthenon frieze).
	www.willamette.edu /cla/wviews/slides.cgi?m3 (262 words)

	Nisyros Island Travel Guide in English
		Formed from volcano eruptions, Nisyros is a place of wild beauty.
		According to mythology, during the period of the Gigantomachy (war of the Giants) Poseidon (the god of the sea) plucked a rock from Kos and in anger threw it at the giant Polyvotis with the intention of killing him.
		This rock, which crushed the giant, became Nisyros, and the half-dead giant shakes the earth every now and then with his groans, thus awakening the volcano.
	www.nisyrosinfo.com /nisyrosinfoenglishpages/nisyrosisland.asp (399 words)

	American Journal of Archaeology / Article Abstract
		Recent examination of the preserved sculpture from the Gigantomachy pediment of the Old Athena Temple on the Athenian Acropolis has shown that a frontal chariot team occupied the center.
		Two fragmentary horses belong to the team and, judging from what remains, they are a pole horse and a trace horse, thus proving that the team was a quadriga, not a biga.
		This interpretation would explain the hole in the right breast of the wounded giant further to the right as evidence of an arrow shot by the hero.
	www.ajaonline.org /archive/99.4/moore_mary_b.html (150 words)

	Amazon.com: gigantomachy (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The masters of the Pergamon gigantomachy by Diether Thimme (Unknown Binding - 1946)
		From the Gigantomachy pediment in the Archaic temple...
		of this frieze was the Gigantomachy, the mythical battle between the...
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=gigantomachy&tag=icongroupinterna&index=blended&link_code=qs&page=1 (965 words)

	Classical Art & Architecture
		Treasury of the Siphnians - Delphi: Gigantomachy - detail[LC.
		Treasury of the Siphnians - Delphi: Gigantomachy [L. portion] from N. frieze - ca.
		Treasury of the Siphnians - Delphi: Gigantomachy: Apollo and Artemis with Dionysos(?) - detail [L. portion] from N. frieze -ca.
	rubens.anu.edu.au /htdocs/laserdisk/classical/display00043.html (146 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 97.6.2
		As Heilmeyer's essay makes clear (and as I myself experienced on a study session at the Pergamon Museum in 1981), few were allowed to enter the room where the Telephos Frieze was displayed, and for many scholars of Hellenistic sculpture, it is a monument known largely through photographs.
		Most analyses of this stylistic distinction attribute the difference to date; architectural logic and material evidence indicate that the Telephos Frieze is the later of the two, and thus it has been seen as exemplifying a perceived transition from "High Hellenism to Late Hellenism" (cf.
		As is being more widely recognized, style follows no chronological scheme in Hellenistic sculpture; theme and subject suggest style, and it is appropriate to think of these two friezes as contemporaneous expressions of different classes of topic which employ distinct visual languages.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/1997/97.06.02.html (911 words)

	GIGANTOMACHY
		A war of giants; especially, the fabulous war of the giants against heaven.
		[Latin expression gigantomachia, from the Greek expression giant battle: compare to the French expression gigantomachie.].
		Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /Gi/Gigantomachy.html (301 words)

	Greek Architecture & Architectural Sculpture: Late Classical & Hellenistic
		Great Altar of Zeus, Pergamon: detail of north wing, west side
		Great Altar of Zeus, Pergamon: detail of north wing, west side, Gigantomachy frieze
		Great Altar of Zeus, Pergamon: Zeus battling Three Giants, detail of East frieze
	arthist.cla.umn.edu /aict/html/ancient/gcl_hell4.html (114 words)

	Michael C. Carlos Museum: Permanent Collection: Greek and Roman Art
		Kylix With Symposion Scene Attributed to the Painter of the Paris Gigantomachy
		Nonsense inscriptions are found on both the exterior and interior; these may have served a purely decorative purpose, or else they may indicate that the painter was illiterate.
		The painter of the Paris Gigantomachy, who belonged to the workshop of the Brygos Painter, specialized in painting cups.
	carlos.emory.edu /COLLECTION/CLASSIC/classic08.html (391 words)

	Shield interior (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The scene depicted on the interior of the shield is a Gigantomachy, a battle between the Olympian gods and the Gigants, born of the Earth, who attempted to dethrone them.
		Athena can be made out a bit to the left of the handle of the shield.
		Like the other mythological battles on Athena (and on the exterior of the Parthenon), the Gigantomachy likely was meant to be taken as an analogue for the Greek/Athenian victory in the Persian wars.
	www.siu.edu /~dfll/classics/DMJ/Images/nashville/shieldint.html (89 words)

	Thats Greece / Áñèñï
		The east metopes depicts the Gigantomachy, the battle between the gods and the "giants".
		The Gigantomachy is placed beneath the pediment scene of the birth of Athena.
		The west metopes shows an Amazonomachy (the storming of the Acropolis by the Amazons), believed to have happened in prehistoric times.
	www.thatsgreece.com /online/article.asp?returnPage=SECTION&group=4§ion=5&articleid=55 (452 words)

	gigantomachy Gigantes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		gigantomachy Gigantomachy The Battle of The Gods and Giants The Giants who were the malformed bestial sons of Ge earth threatened the cosmic order by seeking to oust
		Hellenistic Art: The Pergamum Zeus Altar and the Gigantomachy The gigantomachy frieze marks the climax of Greek sculpture, Roger Ling.
		Delphi Lion attacking a hoplite foot soldier, from the Gigantomachy battle against the Titans originally part of the north frieze of the Treasury of the Siphnians.
	calabar.host7.blogbrix.com /1141024955.html (493 words)

	Titanomachy and Gigantomachy
		The Olympian gods eventually won this contest, dividing the spoils of sky, sea, and underworld amongst themselves, and imprisoning the Titans in Tartarus.
		The Gigantomachy, Battle of the Giants, came after the Titanomachy.
		Gaia, the mother of the Titans, stirred up the Giants against the Olympian gods who had imprisoned her children after the previous war.
	bama.ua.edu /~kesle002/tng.htm (898 words)

	Perseus Lookup Tool (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Boston 01.8059: Side B: Gigantomachy with Ares and Poseidon [Image] (3.40)
		Berlin F 2531: Side B: gigantomachy [Image] (3.21)
		M.B. Moore; The Gigantomachy of the Siphnian Treasury: Reconstruction of the Three Lacunae: Moore 1977 [Source citation] (2.43)
	www.perseus.tufts.edu /cgi-bin/sor?type=phrase&lookup=Gigantomachy (115 words)

	GIANTS, Greek Mythology Link - www.maicar.com
		But it has also been told that Gaia, vexed because the OLYMPIANS had defeated the TITANS, gave birth to a race of GIANTS so that they should attack heaven, and obtain revenge.
		These GIANTS did attack heaven [see Gigantomachy], and as an oracle had declared that none of the them could perish at the hands of the gods unless a mortal could help them, these summoned Heracles 1 to their aid, and the GIANTS were destroyed.
		The GIANTS are collectively said to be the sons either of Uranus and Gaia, or of Gaia by herself, or to have been born from the blood which fell upon the earth after the Castration of Uranus [but see list below].
	homepage.mac.com /cparada/GML/GIANTS.html (893 words)

	Art 190 Late Classical and Hellenistic Art
		Gigantomachy Frieze, The Great Altar of Zeus, marble, 7.5' x 358'
		What is the subject of the Gigantomachy Frieze?
		How is the style of this work similar to the Gigantomachy Frieze?
	www.contracosta.cc.ca.us /Art/190AncientGreeceHellenistic.htm (331 words)

	Gigantomachy (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Centrality is a gigantomachy - Dueling is a Art.
		The most basic form is High Debate, which is a bloodsport.
		Magical Duels may occur only inside Stadiums, designed for that purpose, in which the combatants are surrounded by an Utter Dome.
	home.earthlink.net /~bjoeledbetter/worldstree/Weres/Regional/Centrality/Gigantomachy.html (111 words)

	Arts Education for the 21st Century Museum : Lekythos (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Douris was a most versatile painter, creating scenes of great delicacy, as on the Atalanta lekythos (1966.114), and scenes of great power, as here.
		In the mythological War of the Gods and Giants (Gigantomachy), Athena slays the giant Enkelados with her spear.
		The giant's broken spear is a beautiful compositional bridge between the two figures.
	www.clevelandart.org /educef/arts21/html/1948092.html (88 words)

	Gigantomachy
		This is the definition of the term Gigantomachy
		Gigantomachy (n.) A war of giants; especially, the fabulous war of the giants against heaven.
		For people who have trouble spelling, this is the defintion of the term Gigantomachy
	linkspider.serversystems.net /dictionary/lookup/gigantomachy (74 words)

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