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| | PBS - JAZZ A Film By Ken Burns: Selected Artist Biography - Gil Evans |
 | | In these works and others of the same period, Evans used two french horns and a tuba (in addition to the standard swing era big-band instrumentation); this, along with a restrained vibrato in the saxophones and brass, produced a rich, dark-textured, "cool" orchestral sound, anticipated only by Duke Ellington and Eddie Sauter. |
 | | From 1948 to 1950, Evans contributed prominently to Miles Davis' nonet recordings for Capitol (later issued as the LP Birth of the Cool). |
 | | From the early 1960s, Evans made several attempts to form permanent orchestras, but these were unable to establish themselves, although they occasionally produced such excellent recordings as The Individualism of Gil Evans (1963-4), Blues in Orbit (1969-71), and Priestess (1977). |
| www.pbs.org /jazz/biography/artist_id_evans_gil.htm (549 words) |
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