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Topic: Gila River War Relocation Center

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	Records of the War Relocation Authority [WRA]
		Functions: Formulated and executed a program for removal, relocation, maintenance, and supervision, in 10 interior relocation centers, of persons (principally of Japanese ancestry) excluded from military areas designated in accordance with EO 9066, February 19, 1942.
		Textual Records: Statistical reports on the population of relocation centers and the refugee shelter, 1942-46.
		Educational transcripts of former evacuee residents of War Relocation centers, 1942-45.
	www.archives.gov /research/guide-fed-records/groups/210.html?template=print (1134 words)

	Gila River War Relocation Center (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Gila River War Relocation Center was an internment camp built by the War Relocation Authority (WRA) for internment of Japanese Americans during the Second World War.
		The relocation center was located on the Gila River Indian Reservation, near an irrigated agricultural center.
		Gila River was considered one of the least oppressive camps of its kind.
	www.ufaqs.com /wiki/en/gi/Gila%20River%20War%20Relocation%20Center.htm (382 words)

	October 1942 - Second Quarterly Report of the War Relocation Authority
		Still ahead for the War Relocation Authority and the evacuees, however, was the sizable job of constructing buildings which were not included in the agreement with the War Department -- buildings such as schoolhouses and living quarters on the relocation areas for the WRA administrative staff.
		In the future, as the relocation centers lose some of their pioneer character and as policies and procedures become better known and more firmly established, many of the apprehensions which loomed so large in evacuee minds during the summer of 1942 will perhaps be replaced by confidence based on experience.
		Relocation center life, by its very nature, will probably never provide sufficient opportunity and incentive to the younger and more capable evacuees, and it is quite likely in some cases to have a long-range demoralizing effect.
	home.comcast.net /~eo9066/1942/42-10/TL04.html (16226 words)

	Japanese American internment
		The Japanese American Internment refers to the forcible relocation of approximately 112,000 to 120,000 Japanese and Japanese Americans, 62 percent of whom were United States citizens, from the west coast of the United States during World War II to hastily constructed housing facilities called War Relocation Camps in remote portions of the nation's interior.
		Those who believe relocation is a more appropriate term argue that (1) the official designation at the time was relocation center; (2) the camps were not, strictly speaking, prisons; and (3) an estimated 30,000 to 50,000 camp residents did eventually settle outside the exclusion area.
		For example, the Heart Mountain War Relocation Center in northwestern Wyoming was a barbed-wire-surrounded enclave with unpartioned toilets, cots for beds, and a budget of 45 cents daily per capita for food rations.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/j/ja/japanese_american_internment.html (4930 words)

	Japanese American internment at AllExperts
		Japanese American Internment refers to the forcible relocation of approximately 120,000 Japanese and Japanese Americans, 62 percent of whom were United States citizens, from the West Coast during World War II to hastily constructed housing facilities called "War Relocation Camps" in remote portions of the nation's interior.
		Relocation Centers were camps that housed evacuated residents for the duration of the war, or until they decided to relocate other parts of America outside the exclusion zone.
		Some estimate that by the time the last of the relocation camps closed on December 1, 1945, the Japanese Americans had lost homes and businesses estimated to be worth, in 1999 values, 4 to 5 billion dollars, and that deleterious effects on Japanese American individuals, their families, and their communities, went beyond monetary damages.
	en.allexperts.com /e/j/ja/japanese_american_internment.htm (6053 words)

	Japanese American internment - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: )
		According to a 1943 War Relocation Authority report, internees were housed in "tar paper-covered barracks of simple frame construction without plumbing or cooking facilities of any kind." Most camps were built quickly by civilian contractors during the summer of 1942 based on designs for military barracks and were thus poorly equipped for cramped family living.
		For example, the Heart Mountain War Relocation Center in northwestern Wyoming was a barbed-wire-surrounded enclave with unpartioned toilets, cots for beds, and a budget of 45 cents daily per capita for food rations.
		Some estimate that by the time the last relocation camps (except Tule Lake) closed on December 1, 1945, the Japanese Americans had lost homes and businesses estimated to be worth, in 1999 values, 4 to 5 billion dollars, and that deleterious effects on Japanese American individuals, their families, and their communities, went beyond monetary damages.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Japanese_internment (4126 words)

	Omnipelagos.com ~ article "Gila River War Relocation Center" (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In addition, it took in 2,000 people from the Jerome War Relocation Center in Arkansas when that facility closed in 1944.
		Some of the intended internees died enroute to Gila River or shortly after arrival in the harsh desert environment.
		One of these was the mother of Iva Toguri, the American woman of Japanese descent who was later condemned as "Tokyo Rose" and convicted of treason due to perjured testimony.
	www.omnipelagos.com /entry?n=gila_%52iver_%57ar_%52elocation_%43enter (494 words)

	[No title]
		Despite the fact that the Gila River Indian tribe objected to the imposition of an incarceration camp on their land, the Bureau of Indian Affairs granted a five-year lease for 16,500 acres to the War Relocation Authority (WRA).
		Gila River had an extensive agricultural program; at its peak 7,000 acres were devoted to crops, 3,000 of which were vegetable crops.
		The Turlock Assembly Center was at the Stanislaus County Fairgrounds in the town of Turlock, California.
	www.densho.org /sitesofshame/facilities.xml (5235 words)

	Gila River Relocation Center
		Life at Gila River appeared to be the most relaxed of all the camps.
		Because Gila River was considered a showplace compared with the other camps, Eleanor Roosevelt made a surprise visit to the camp in 1943 to look into charges that the Japanese Americans there were given special treatment.
		Gila River would eventually produce 10 acres of daikon that was shipped to all the other camps.
	www.javadc.org /gila_river_relocation_center.htm (1952 words)

	War Relocation Camps in Arizona 1942-1946
		One was the Colorado River Relocation Center (April 1942 - March 1946), on Colorado Indian lands near Poston, 12 miles southwest of Parker in La Paz (formerly part of Yuma) County, that had a peak population of about 18,000.
		The other was constructed at Rivers, on leased Pima-Maricopa Indian lands in west central Pinal County, and was known as the Gila River Relocation Center (May 1942 - February 1946) with a population of about 13,000.
		The melange of individuals and administrators in the camps, coupled with the social, political and psychological dissonances of the relocation conditions, engendered numerous responses in their combined efforts to construct community from chaos.
	parentseyes.arizona.edu /wracamps/index.html (501 words)

	Arizona Stories
		During World War II, thousands of Americans were forced to leave their homes and businesses and held captive in a world of barbed wire fences and armed guards, simply because of their Japanese ancestry.
		The Gila River Center was designed for 10,000 internees but held more than 13,000 residents, making these two sites the largest internment camps in the U.S. Ironically, the U.S. government viewed this as an opportunity to recruit American soldiers who could read, write, and speak Japanese.
		They came to Gila River and they started to recruit, and there was 29 dummies who volunteered.
	www.azpbs.org /arizonastories/seasontwo/internmentcamps.htm (983 words)

	Gila River Relocation Center: Canal Camp - Google Earth Explorer
		The Gila River War Relocation Center was an internment camp built by the War Relocation Authority (WRA) for internment of Japanese Americans during the Second World War.
		The relocation center was located on the Gila River Indian Reservation, near an irrigated agricultural center.
		Gila River was considered one of the least oppressive camps of its kind.
	explorer.altopix.com /map/l4almf/Gila_River_Relocation_Center:_Canal_Camp.htm (423 words)

	Pearl Harbor, December 7 1941
		War Relocation Authority Camps in Arizona, Gila and (Poston) Colorado River Centers
		This obscure, virtually-forgotten World War II detention facility was located in a remote area of north-central Idaho, 30 miles from the town of Kooskia, near the hamlet of Lowell.
		Chronology of World War II Incarceration outlines the discriminatory practices and eventual incarceration of Japanese Americans by the U.S. government from 1790-1990.
	www.library.uiuc.edu /doc/exhibits/japaneseinternment/japan.htm (1966 words)

	Gila River
		The Gila River Indian Community objected to the selection and use of their land for a Relocation Center.
		The Gila River Indian Community brought claims against the United States in 1971 for failure to comply with the terms of the permit agreed to in 1942.
		At the Gila River Indian Reservation Cultural Center, located 4 miles north of the camps along Interstate 10, there is an exhibit and outdoor display about the relocation center prepared by the Arizona Chapter of the Japanese American Citizens League.
	www.nps.gov /archive/manz/ccgilariver.htm (684 words)

	Gold Relocation River (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In 1857 he gold relocation river and his brother started back to Iowa but were delayed by the outbreak of war between the Utah Mormons gold relocation river and the United States.
		After relocating to Montana's Deer Lodge Valley, the Stuarts found gold, gold relocation river and news of their discovery sparked the first Montana gold rush in 1862.
		Stuart was instrumental in developing the Montana cattle industry gold relocation river and was a leader of the vigilantes who captured gold relocation river and executed numerous horse thieves in the summer of 1884.
	www.nifcosynergy.com /goldrelocationriver.html (596 words)

	Arizona Historical Foundation -Resource Guide
		This collection includes correspondence, notes, speeches, and essays relating to the War Relocation Authority (WRA) camps in general and specifically to the one in Poston, AZ.
		Wade Head was the director of the Colorado River War Relocation Center (known as Poston) from 1942-1944.
		War Relocation Authority Camps in Arizona, 1942-1946: Approximately 40 images depicting life at Poston and Gila River internment camps.
	www.ahfweb.org /resguide_jrelocation.htm (503 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The WCCA Assembly Centers were temporary facilities that were first setup in horse racing tracks, fairgrounds and other large public meeting places to assemble and organize internees before they were transported to WRA Relocation Centers by truck, bus or train.
		Under the voluntary relocation policy, the Japanese Americans were free to go anywhere outside of the exclusion zone; however the arrangements and costs of relocation were borne by the individuals.
		To describe the conditions in more detail, the Heart Mountain War Relocation Center in northwestern Wyoming was a barbed-wire-surrounded enclave with unpartitioned toilets, cots for beds, and a budget of 45 cents daily per capita for food rations.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Japanese_American_internment (7371 words)

	Arizona Heritage Traveler - Monuments - Poston Memorial Monument
		This monument marks the site of the Poston War Relocation Center where 17,867 people of Japanese ancestry, most of whom were United States citizens, were interned during World War II.
		All persons of Japanese descent living on the west coast of California were forcibly evacuated from their homes and moved to relocation camps, including four that were located in Arizona.
		The camp at the Gila River Indian Community was the fourth largest city after Phoenix and Tucson.
	www.azhistorytraveler.org /templates/content-view.php?nid=2&sid=155 (204 words)

	Trove.net -- Tets Shiota, evacuee from the Gila River Relocation Center, a former farmer at Venice, California, is here ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Trove.net -- Tets Shiota, evacuee from the Gila River Relocation Center, a former farmer at Venice, California, is here shown feeding oats to the thresher on the 2000 acre Hawthorn Farm near Chicago, where he is now employed.
		Tets Shiota, evacuee from the Gila River Relocation Center, a former farmer at Venice, California, is here shown feeding oats to the thresher on the 2000 acre Hawthorn Farm near Chicago, where he is now employed.
		War Relocation Authority Photographs of Japanese-American Evacuation and Resettlement.
	www.trove.net /CUBU0013/CUBU0013_001960.html (159 words)

	War Relocation Authority Camps essays (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The other was constructed at Rivers, on leased Pima-Maricopa Indian lands in west central Pinal County, and was known as the Gila River Relocation Center (May 1942-February 1946) with a population of about 13,000.
		At one camp, a honeymoon cottage was set aside for the exclusive use of newlyweds; at another, 662 babies were born while 221 adults spent their last day on earth behind the wires.
		One was the Colorado River Relocation Center (April 1942-March 1946), on Colorado Indian lands near Poston, 12 miles southwest of Parker in La Paz (formerly part of Yuma) County, that had a peak population of about 18,000.
	www.megaessays.com /viewpaper/32406.html (540 words)

	House approves measure to preserve WWII internment camps (Site not responding. Last check: )
		They were removed from their homes with very few possessions, taken to processing centers and transported to the internment camps, in remote corners of seven states, where they lived behind barbed-wire fences for most of the war.
		Ten relocation centers were built to house them, and two - Manzanar and Minidoka - have been turned over to the National Park Service.
		Matsui was born in the Poston Relocation Center in Arizona, where her parents met while in confinement.
	www.macon.com /mld/macon/news/politics/16171322.htm?template=contentModules/printstory.jsp (688 words)

	Google Earth Community: War Relocation Agency
		Mount Whitney is the the tallest peak in the center.
		When the Gila River Relocation Center was in operation it was the fourth largest city in Arizona, after Phoenix, Tucson, and the relocation center at Poston.
		The Rohwer Relocation Center near the community of Rohwer in Desha County, Arkansas, 11 miles north of McGehee and 110 miles southeast of Little Rock.
	bbs.keyhole.com /ubb/showflat.php/Cat/0/Number/7169/an/page/vc/1 (1050 words)

	The Camps
		Of these 120,313: 54,127 returned to the West Coast after their incarceration; 52,798 relocated to the interior; 4724 moved (or were moved) to Japan; 3121 were sent to INS internment camps; 2355 joined the armed forces; 1862 died during imprisonment; 1322 were sent to institutions; and 4 were classified as "unauthorized departures."
		After the war, 1400 were not allowed to return to their former countries (ie.
		War Relocation Authority Penal Colonies for U.S. citizens.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/8420/camps.html (952 words)

	Gila River Internment Camp
		Eleanor Roosevelt, accompanied by Dillon Myer, National Director of the War Relocation Authority, visit the Gila River Relocation Center, where they were greeted by crowds of enthusiastic evacuees.
		Before the relocators leave the Center they secure their travel vouchers and their ration books from the Leave Office and get their special Relocation Grant from the Agent Cashier.
		In February of 1943 representatives of the War Department went to the camp to conduct the registration of eligible Nisei.
	www.bookmice.net /darkchilde/japan/gila.html (1287 words)

	OAC: Japanese American Evacuation and Resettlement Records
		Evacuees are transferred later to War Relocation Authority centers for the duration.
		A view of the Center high school taken from one of the towers situated between the Administration Area and the evacuee living area.
		Data: A panoramic view of the Santa Anita Assembly center showing barrack apartments on the former race track grounds for evacuees of Japanese ancestry.
	www.oac.cdlib.org /images/ark:/13030/tf5j49n8kh (406 words)

	Gila River Japanese Relocation Center
		This is the 15,000-acre Gila River Relocation Center, situated on land leased from the Pima Indian Agency.
		The center is divided into two communities 3 1/2 miles part, the Canal Community of 5,000 residents six miles southwest of Sacaton, and the Butte Community of 10,000 persons, nine miles directly west of Sacaton.
		The police department, or, as the relocation authorities call it, “the department of internal security,” with a force of wardens, looks after matters pertaining to the peace and security within the center itself.
	www.sfmuseum.org /war/relocate.html (1182 words)

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