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Topic: Giudicati

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	HISTORY>SARDINIA'S HISTORY
		In 534 A.D., Byzanthium overcame the Sardinians and conquered the Island; between the VIII and IX Cent., Arab raids along the coasts began, and Byzanthium abandoned Sardinia.
		During the IX Cent., the Island was divided in 4 "giudicati" - judgeships (Cagliari, Torres, Gallura, Arborea), ruled by Giudici (Judges).
		The progressive penetration of Pisans and Genoese caused the giudicati to lose their indipendence: in 1256 Cagliari, then Torres and Gallura were conquered.
	www.sardiniapoint.it /5707.html (810 words)

	Sardinia
		Of the origins of these "giudicati" little is known as they were born in the Sardinian ‘dark ages’.
		Of these "giudicati" three disappeared after 1200, first under the protection of Pisa and later Genoa, the only survivor was Arbora.
		From this period, the ever fascinating memory of a liberty and an autonomy remains as does the memory of Eleonora d’Arbora, the judge who during the imprisonment of her husband continued to lead the "national " war.
	www.casic.it /eng/sardinia.htm (933 words)

	Paper OB 16
		The Giudicati developed original and quite different political (institutional) structures with respect to the rest of Europe, in particular as far as the territorial organisation was concerned.
		During the Giudicati era, the Sardinian population used to live not only in a lot of small centre scattered all over the kingdom, but also within a closely-built network of farms, donnicalie, which, being directly administrated by the royal family, enjoyed a number of privileges and exemptions (Angioni and Sanna, 1988).
		As a rule, in fact, the court used to move from one centre to the other of the kingdom (consider, for instance, the Giudicato of Cagliari whose main seat was the village of Pluminos for a long while and then the lagoon village of Santa Igia near the pond of Cagliari).
	www.ersa.org /ersaconfs/ersa97/sessions/paper-ob/ob16.htm (4917 words)

	History
		The Romans dominated the island till the fall of the Roman Empire after which the Island was conquered first by the Vandals then by the Byzanthine and at last by the Arabs.
		Around the year 1100 a.D the Island was divided in to 4 giudicati, judgeships, Arborea, Cagliari, Torres and Gallura.
		These giudicati were made to rule in total and complete independence.
	www.ferias.it /en/storia.html (643 words)

	historical hints of Selegas
		The village was likely to have been destroyed and risen again towards the year one thousand when in Sardinia appeared the form of government called "Giudicati".
		The conquering of the Island by the Maritime Republic of Pisa and Genova brought the fall of "Giudicati".
		The first to fall was the "Giudicato of Cagliari" in 1258, then ruled by the conquerors.
	www.parrocchiasantanna.org /storia/ing.htm (626 words)

	StoriaEng4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		From 800 A.D. onwards, Sardinia, like other european countries on the shores of the Mediterranean was the target for pirate raids by saracens who tried to occupy the island more than once.
		The Sardinians, who were not defended by who governed in the far off Costantinople, organised themselves in the military sense and also in the administration, creating state structures that were called "Giudicati" which were four small Realms, Gallura, Torres, Arborea, Cagliari.
		Each one had a head judge, with military and civil powers, uphelp by a council of wise men, called "I Maiorales" and by an assembly of the population called "Corona de Logu".
	www.sardiniatarget.com /StoriaEng4.htm (542 words)

	Oristano - Sa Sartiglia - Hotel Near (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Eleanor was the giudice of the Arborea region from 1384 to 1404 and is the best known and best loved of Sardinia's medieval rulers, having been the only one who enjoyed any success against the island's aggressors.
		Ensconced in the last of Sardinia's giudicati to remain independent of the Aragonese, Eleanor united local resistance and, despite the desertion of her husband, Brancaleone Doria, to the enemy, succeeded in negotiating a treaty in 1388 that guaranteed her a measure of independence.
		She later backed this up by a tactical alliance with the Genoans, and it was with Genoan help that Brancaleone, returned to the fold, managed to occupy Sássari on her behalf.
	www.hotelnear.com /3014/3217/7532g/Italy-Oristano-Sa_Sartiglia.html (524 words)

	Holiday Farm Sardinia Bed Breakfast (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Around the area the archaeological sites are very frequent, giving the evidence of a millenarian past.
		The "Giudicati" were created to face the continuous Arabic invasions, and it is exactly during the eleventh century that we have the first information about Luogosanto.
		The town of Luogosanto has an old religious tradition, and Luogosanto is still a goal of pilgrimages from all the Gallura area.
	www.agriturismolachina.com /sardinia/luogosanto.htm (278 words)

	SARDINIA>HISTORY OF SARDINIA
		After the decline of the Nuragic civilisation the island experienced long periods of domination under the Phoenicians, the Carthaginians, the Romans and then the Vandals.
		Later, when Sardinia experienced a period without invasions for the first time in its history, the island was organised into four autonomous states, known as "Giudicati" (IX-XV AD).
		After the fall of the "Giudicati", brought about by the King of Aragona, the island fell under the rule of the Maritime Republics of Pisa and Genoa, and later by the Aragonese and the Spanish, finally to pass under the dominion of the Savoy Kingdom.
	www.hellosardinia.com /eng/storia.htm (438 words)

	Wikinfo \| Gallurese
		Maybe it could be presumed that when the Latin language entered, only some part of the idiom was different, so the difference could have came later.
		The greatest difference could perhaps be born in the age of Giudicati, it could be Pisa, and the quality of the presence of Pisa to start separating the local speaking.
		Since the defeat of arab pirate Musetto, 1000-1050, Pisa was in the northern Giudicato with the sole "disturb" of Genoa (and the Doria family), then it would have remained there as the main dominator.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Gallurese (1208 words)

	Sardinia - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Especially after the fall of Sicily in 832, the Byzantines were unable to effectively defend their most distant province, and the provincial judge assumed independent authority.
		To provide for local defense, he divided the island into four Giudicati, Gallura, Logudoro, Arborea, and Caralis.
		By 900, these districts had become four independent constitutional monarchies.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Sardinia (933 words)

	T Hotel - Cagliari (Sardinia) hotels at LateRooms.com - Hotels in Cagliari (Sardinia) cheap hotels near Cagliari ...
		L'albergo si trova esattamente in via Dei Giudicati, di fronte al Teatro Lirico, zona piazza Giovanni XXIII.
		The hotel is situated in Via Dei Giudicati, facing the Theatre, adjacent to Piazza Giovanni XXIII.
		From the port or from Cagliari Railway station take bus “M” till the bus stop in "Via Bacaredda", or bus number 1 —stop in "Piazza Giovanni XXXIII".
	www.laterooms.com /en/C88546.html (1239 words)

	Mettere il titolo
		Dead Or Alive Xtreme Beach Volleyball non è ancora sugli scaffali e già scoppia la polemica.
		Il problema, come al solito, è che i videogiochi originali devono essere compresi prima di essere giudicati e chiunque cerchi nel titolo Tecmo una semplice simulazione sportiva non può che rimanere perplesso.
		Come ben sapete, DOAXBV è un simulatore di vacanza, qualcosa di estremamente nuovo per il mercato occidentale.
	gamecontact.altervista.org /DoD_XBOX.htm (532 words)

	Storia4grec (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Με τον ίδιο τρόπο είχαν την δυνατότητα να οργανώσουν απο μόνοι τους οικονομικές και κοινωνικές δραστηριότητες, φτάνοντας έτσι να δημιουρ-γήσουν αυτόνομες πολιτικές δομές τους Giudicati.
		Οι σαρδηνιοι που σε καμμία περίπτωση δεν προστατευόντουσαν απο τους κυβερ-νώντες της Κωσταντινούπολης, οργανώθηκαν απο μόνοι τους, τόσο στρατιωτικά, όσο και διοικητικά, δημιουργώντας κρατικού τύπου δομές, τους ονομαζόμενους Giudicati, τα τέσσερα μικρά βασίλεια του Gallura, του Torres, της Arborea,και του Cagliari,.
		Giudicati ασχολήθηκαν ενεργά με την διακυβέρνηση, βοηθώντας κάθε αγροτοποιμενική προσπάθεια και το εμπόριο, κυρίως με τις ναυτικές δημοκρατίες της Γένουας και της Πίζας.
	www.sardiniatarget.com /Storia4grec.htm (514 words)

	Chapter II: Disembarkation and Encampment at Varna (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Quanti valorosi uomini li quali non che altri ma Galieno, Ippocrate o Esculapio avrieno giudicati sanissimi, la mattina desinarono co' loro compagni et amici, che poi la sera vegnente appresso nell' altro mondo cenarono colli loro passati!" - BOCCACCIO.
		We came in sight of Varna about nine o'clock.
		Till ten o'clock I waited before our arabas arrived, and our tent was pitched; a kind-hearted woman of the regiment gave me a boa, and at half-past ten we got a little dinner, and turned into bed.
	www.silverwhistle.co.uk /crimea/duberly2.html (7560 words)

	Worldisround - ITALIA, Sardegna - Photograph - Villasimius
		Worldisround - ITALIA, Sardegna - Photograph - Villasimius
		Sightseeing in Sardinia picture - After the fall of the "Giudicati", brought about by the King of Aragona, the island fell under the rule of the Maritime Republics of Pisa and Genoa, and later by the Aragonese and the Spanish, finally to pass under the dominion of the Savoy Kingdom.
		With the Unification of Italy (1861) Sardinia became a Region of the Italian Republic and since 1948 it has been an Autonomous Region with a Special Statute.
	www.worldisround.com /articles/46882/photo4.html (175 words)

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