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Topic: Global Atmosphere Watch

	FCCC/SBSTA/1997/8 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		GAW serves as an early warning system to detect further changes in atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, changes in the ozone layer and in the long-range transport of pollutants, including acidity and toxicity of precipitation as well as of atmospheric burden of aerosols (dirt and dust particles).
		GAW was established by the WMO Executive Council in June 1989 to strengthen and better co-ordinate WMO environmental data-gathering activities that began in the 1950s.
		GAW has become broadly recognized, both by governments and within the scientific community at large, as an essential tool for monitoring the state and the evolution of the composition of the atmosphere and for improving the understanding of its interactions with all aspects of the environment.
	unfccc.int /cop3/08-4.htm (1904 words)

	Searchalot Directory for Top/Science/Earth_Sciences/Atmospheric_Chemistry
		Atmospheric Chemistry Program (U.S. Research into regional and continental chemistry and the fate of tropospheric air pollutants, extracontinental and global chemistry and the fate of tropospheric air pollutants, and aerosol genesis.
		At the University of York, Ontario, CAC was formed to foster cooperative research in atmospheric chemistry, to take a leading role in Canada in the education of a new generation of qualified atmospheric chemists, and to provide a communications link between York atmospheric chemists and the national and international atmospheric chemistry community.
		Aimed at developing a fundamental understanding of the processes determining atmospheric composition, understanding interactions between atmospheric chemical composition and physical, biospheric and climatic processes, and to predict the impact of natural and anthropogenic forcings on the chemical composition of the atmosphere.
	www.searchalot.com /Top/Science/EarthSciences/AtmosphericChemistry (1294 words)

	Proffitt Newsletter 18
		GAW provides data for scientific assessments and for early warnings of changes in the chemical composition and related physical characteristics of the atmosphere that may have adverse affects upon our environment.
		Global stations are usually situated in remote locations, representative of large geographic areas, have very low (background) levels of pollutants, and continuously measure a broad range of atmospheric parameters over decades.
		GAW is implemented in accordance with the principle that when a country agrees to participate, full responsibility for its GAW activities rests with that country.
	www.atmosp.physics.utoronto.ca /SPARC/News18/18_Proffitt.html (3402 words)

	Global Warming (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		global warming -"the gradual increase of the temperature of the earth's lower atmosphere as a result of the increase in greenhouse gases since the Industrial Revolution".
		Global Warming: Understanding the Forecast This is a wonderful site that explains in a well-designed way why you should understand the problem of global warming and how to help.
		The National Atmospheric Emission Inventory (NAEI) is funded by the UK Department of the Environment to estimate and monitor emissions of a wide range of air pollutants.
	rochesterenvironment.com /global_warming.htm (3123 words)

	The Canadian National Report on Systematic Observations for Climate - Atmospheric Observations
		Atmospheric observations are needed to monitor climate, detect and attribute change, improve understanding of the dynamics of the climate system and its natural variability and provide input for climate models.
		Canada's atmospheric climate networks are currently being re-engineered with the objective of ensuring their long-term financial sustainability while at the same time meeting essential needs for data.
		Atmospheric constituents observations from Canadian observing stations are also retained by the MSC, though in a separate database.
	www.ec.gc.ca /climate/CCAF-FACC/Science/nat2002/atmosphere_e.htm (2723 words)

	GAW Newsletter 07 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The WMO's GO OS under GAW is now in its fifth decade and has been the key international programme to collect and evaluate the measurements of atmospheric ozone.
		One of the most important new aspects of GAW is the establishment of Quality Assurance Science Activity Centres (QA/SAC) to oversee the quality of the data produced under GAW.
		Since much of the activities under SPARC would use GAW measurements and assessments, it is suggested that closer coordination be developed between the two programmes.
	www.aero.jussieu.fr /~sparc/News7/GAW.html (502 words)

	NOAA ARL Aerosol Optical Depth Studies
		As originally portrayed by Angstrom (1929, 1961, 1964), the central quantity is the aerosol optical depth (AOD), an index of the attenuation of radiation as it passes through the atmosphere due to the presence of suspended particles.
		GAW is the successor of the earlier WMO Background Air Pollution Monitoring Network (BAPMoN).
		Angstrom, A., 1964; The parameters of atmospheric turbidity.
	www.arl.noaa.gov /research/programs/aod.html (1126 words)

	Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) activities at UBA - National GAW Activities
		Activities for the GAW programme in Germany consist of a co-operation of the German Weather Service, the Federal Environmental Agency and a number of research institutes.
		The fields of the participation of the Federal Environmental Agency in the GAW programme are marked in green.
		The next GAW Global Stations are situated in the northwest at the west coast of Ireland, in the north in Finland at the polar circle, in the east at Mount Waliguan in China and in the south in Tamanrasset/Sahara and in Izana on Tenerife/Canary Islands.
	www.umweltbundesamt.de /uba-info-daten-e/daten-e/gaw/activities.htm (658 words)

	Global Commons to Protect
		The Earth's climate is controlled by complex and highly interactive processes involving the atmosphere, land, the hydrosphere (water in oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, etc.) and the cryosphere (ice sheets, glaciers, snow), together with complex terrestrial and aquatic biological processes.
		It is atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), water vapour and other minor greenhouse gases which are involved in the natural trapping of the infrared radiation leaving the Earth's surface.
		Through the WMO Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW), about 350 stations monitor the chemical composition of the atmosphere, including greenhouse gases, the regional distribution of sulphur and nitrogen compounds, aerosols and, in a few locations, toxic metals.
	www.ourplanet.com /imgversn/75/obasi.html (2751 words)

	Earthwatch Working Party 3 (1996): The global observing systems [UNEP/EWWP3/5/rev.1], UN System-wide Earthwatch
		Some global systems for the atmosphere (WWW and later GAW) have existed since the early 1960s, while global systems for the oceans (GOOS) and the land (GTOS), which cover the other major environmental compartments or media of the biosphere, are only now being developed.
		The global system for climate (GCOS), the plan for which is ready and approved, is an issue-oriented system that draws from all the three basic systems for atmosphere, ocean and land.
		However, if data management for the three global systems is to take place at centres already available, each of the systems will have to provide experts to these centres for their special activities.
	earthwatch.unep.net /about/docs/ewwp3gos.htm (5860 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Human activities are disrupting the earth's global life support system--the atmosphere and the planet's wealth of biological resources.
		We are using the ASRC field station at Whiteface Mountain as a representative platform for tropospheric measurement of global change related parameters.
		GAW is an integral part of the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) devoted to the investigation of changing chemical composition and related physical characteristic of the global atmosphere.
	marble.asrc.cestm.albany.edu /qasac/staff/mohnen.html (311 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Included in the GAW global measurement programme are the greenhouse gases, ozone, solar radiation particularly UV, precipitation chemistry, aerosols and reactive gases.
		As a part of the Integrated Global Observing Strategy (IGOS), a new theme has been approved at the last IGOS-P meeting whose main goal is to promote coordination of ground and space-based measurements of atmospheric chemistry.
		This presentation will give a brief review of the issues related to atmospheric chemistry and how how important it is for ground and space-based systems to coordinate their measurement programme in order to detect further changes in our atmosphere and the resultant impacts.
	www.ceos.org /pages/Abstract_Miller.doc (343 words)

	GAW home page
		a major priority programme, GAW is one of WMO's most important contributions to the study of environmental issues in the post-UNCED period (United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, 1992).
		The mission of the Global Atmosphere Watch is to:
		GAW is considered the atmospheric chemistry component of the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS).
	www.wmo.ch /web/arep/gaw/gaw_home.html (180 words)

	Atmosphere - InfoIndex.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Atmosphere are a quality driven, customer focused designer of static and dynamic websites to your exact needs and budget.
		The Atmosphere Discipline of the IJW is devoted to coordinate and encourage observations of the atmosphere of Jupiter and its satellites, from the Earth and
		The atmosphere is the gasesous envelope that surrounds the Earth and constitutes the transition between its surface and the vacuum of space.
	infoindex.org /l/Atmosphere.htm (733 words)

	Scientific Links
		Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP), is a scientific journal dedicated to the publication and discussion of high quality studies investigating the Earth's atmosphere and the underlying chemical and physical processes.
		NASA Langley Atmospheric Sciences Data Center is responsible for the processing, archival and distribution of NASA Earth science data in the areas of radiation budget, clouds, aerosols, and tropospheric chemistry.
		GTOPO30, the Global 30 Arc Second Elevation Data Set of the U.S. Geological service (USGS) is a global digital elevation model (DEM) with a horizontal grid spacing of 30 arc seconds (approximately 1 kilometer).
	www.bmayer.de /linkframe.html (1413 words)

	LAC - Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry
		The Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry (LAC), established 1 January 2000, is a laboratory of the General Energy Research Department (ENE) at the Paul Scherrer Institute.
		Investigation of key processes determining the gas phase and aerosol composition in the polluted atmospheric boundary layer, and the identification of their sources and sinks
		The laboratory consists of three groups (10 positions funded by PSI and a variable number of soft-money positions) working in the fields of gas phase chemistry, aerosol chemistry, and the source-sink identification between the atmosphere and the vegetation.
	lac.web.psi.ch (252 words)

	Atmospheric Constituents Data Flow (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The WMO Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) includes the WMO Background Air Pollution Monitoring Network (BAPMoN) and the WMO Global Ozone Observing System (GO3OS), established respectively in the 1960s and in the 1950s.
		The main objective of GAW is to provide data and information on the chemical composition and related physical characteristics of the atmosphere to assess trends, and effects on interactions with the oceans and the biosphere.
		Some data are available from the links on the "External Links" hyperlink on the global GAW Stations page.
	www.gos.udel.edu /gcos/atcnflow.htm (452 words)

	Global Atmosphere Watch Programme - WOUDC - [Meteorological Service of Canada - EC - GC - CA]
		The WOUDC, which is operated by the Meteorlogical Service of Canada Experimental Studies Division, is one of six World Data Centres (WDC) under the auspices of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Programme.
		The GAW programme has coordinated the formation of Science Advisory Groups (SAG).
		General enquires about the WMO-GAW programme, the SAGs or GAW published reports may be directed to the WMO Secretariat:
	www.msc-smc.ec.gc.ca /woudc/wmo_gaw_e.html (172 words)

	Biodiversity Gateway to Information in South East Asia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Malaysia has taken another step towards better understanding of global environmental problems with the setting up of its Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) station at the internationally renowned Danum Valley rainforest centre.
		The station is part of a World Meteorological Organisation programme focusing on measuring chemicals in the atmosphere.
		Built at a cost of RM1mil in cooperation with Yayasan Sabah, which manages the Danum Valley rainforest research station, the station will be fully operational once a 100m tower is completed by the end of 2003.
	www.arcbc.org.ph /arcbcweb/conservation_digest.htm (1119 words)

	Third Meeting of the Ozone Research Managers...: Annex C
		SENAMHI, with WMO support and in the framework of Global Atmosphere Watch Programme (GAWVAG) has obtained monitoring computerized equipment for total ozone and other GAW measurements which is presently being installed at Marcapomacocha, 160 kms of Lima (the Dobson was previously located at Huankayo).
		It is foreseen that this VAG station begins to operate in April 1996 and two meteorologist engineers from SENAMHI will be in charge, which will facilitate measurement and collection of precise ozone data and parameters of conventional variables to be sent to WMO Data Centres.
		Being also the focal point of the network of responsible officers for ozone in Latin America and Caribe, SENAMHI has considered within its Annual Programme " the Study and Research Project of Ozone, UV-B Ultraviolet rays and its incidence on life", with an allowance that is part of its institutional budget.
	sedac.ciesin.org /ozone/WMO/peru.html (813 words)

	Modern Global Climate Change -- Karl and Trenberth 302 (5651): 1719 Data Supplement - Web Resources -- Science
		Access to data and information on climate change research, adaptation/mitigation strategies and technologies, and global change related educational resources on behalf of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program and the U.S. Global Change Research Program.
		The primary global change data and information analysis center of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); Web site includes a collection of global climate change links, a glossary, and a selection of educational links.
		Nicely compiled overview from the National Center for Atmospheric Research explains weather, climate, and the difference between the two.
	www.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/full/302/5651/1719/DC1 (953 words)

	QA/SAC Americas History and Mission (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		For several decades, environmental scientists have been concerned with the effects of pollutants and other anthropogenic substances that are introduced into the atmosphere on a continual basis.
		The World Metorological Organization (WMO) established the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) program in June 1989 to address the lack of coordination among the research and monitoring networks.
		Originally the responsiblity for precipitation chemistry was given to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) which operated the program until 1994, at which time the responsibilty for QA/SAC Americas was transfered to the Atmospheric Sciences Research Center (ASRC) of the State Univeristy of New York at Albany.
	marble.asrc.cestm.albany.edu /qasac/history.html (366 words)

	ICHM Members in Bavaria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This station belongs to the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) network and has been in continuous operation since 1780, when the Societas Meteorologica Palatina was founded as an early international network.
		Today the place is renowned for its picturesque church, the state rooms of the monastery, and tasty beer brewed on-site (see figs.
		Pictured, front row: ICHM members Conny Lüdecke, Jim Fleming; back row: Hans Volkert (specialist on the history of dynamics), Manfred Reinhardt (former director of the DLR Institute of Physics of the Atmosphere), and Klaus Peter Hoinka (specialist on the history of the tropopause).
	www.meteohistory.org /bavaria02.htm (221 words)

	WMO Library - March 1999 acquisitions
		WMO statement on the status of the global climate in 2004.
		Nucleation and atmospheric aerosols, 1996 : proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols / edited by Markku Kulmala and Paul E. Wagner.
		El Niño and the southern oscillation : multiscale variability and global and regional impacts / edited by Henry F. Diaz and Vera Markgraf.
	www.wmo.ch /web/arep/lib1/acqs.html (2506 words)

	Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) - Global Climate Change Links
		We hope it will be especially helpful for those who may be just beginning their research into global climate change issues.
		Regional and Global Data for Global Change Research from ORNL DAAC
		Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change
	cdiac.esd.ornl.gov /pns/gcclinks.html (913 words)

	Isotopes in Water and Environmental Management (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Global Network for Isotopes in Precipitation (click here for figure 13) is maintained in collaboration with the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), with which the Agency also collaborates on the Global Atmosphere Watch Programme.
		Regional and global problems associated with fresh water resources are carried out in cooperation with the UN Environment Program (UNEP), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the UN Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA).
		The need for comprehensive global information was recognized many years ago, when the IAEA, in cooperation with the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO), launched the World Survey of Isotopes in Precipitation Network in 1961.
	www.iaea.org /Publications/Booklets/Isotopes/three.html (305 words)

	Main Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Since 1990 WMO has arranged for the preparation of daily maps of total ozone distribution over the Northern Hemisphere during the period 1 November to 31 March.
		The basis for these maps are ozone data obtained from about 90 monitoring stations of the WMO Global Ozone Observing System (GO3OS) which is now part of the
		Activities of the Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics - Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
	lap.physics.auth.gr /ozonemaps/MAINPAGE3.htm (186 words)

	U.K. GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
		U.K. Reproduced, with permission, from: U.K. Global Environmental Research Office.
		This is the third version of this directory compiled by the UK Global Environmental Research (GER) Office who gratefully acknowledge the cooperation of the international contact points listed.
		Through summaries of the key programmes, organisations and agencies, the directory provides some insights into the international effort and activities relevant to global environmental research.
	www.ciesin.org /docs/008-386a/toc.html (527 words)

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