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Topic: Global dimming

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	Global
		Global Warming is characterised by an increase in average temperatures on a year-on-year basis.
		Global Dimming is characterised by an decrease in average temperatures on a year-on-year basis.
		The reason that Global Warming is accelerating is because we are reducing the amount of Particlate polution in the atmosphere, this is reducing the Global Dimming phenomena, the opposing force that has kept Global Warming in check.
	www.entsoft.co.uk /html/global_warming.html (1679 words)

	Global Dimming
		Global dimming is a term describing the gradual reduction in the amount of global hemispherical irradiance (or total solar irradiance) at the Earth's surface since the 1950s.
		Global dimming creates a cooling effect that has led scientists to underestimate the effect of greenhouse gases on global warming.
		The rate of dimming varies around the world but is on average estimated at around 2–3% per decade, with a possibility that the trend reversed in the early 1990s.
	www.kontentkonsult.com /dimming.html (862 words)

	Global dimming: friend or foe? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Global dimming occurs when sunlight that is trying to reach the earth's surface is reflected by pollution particles in the atmosphere.
		Global dimming was first noticed by two scientists at roughly the same time in the 1980s; Dr Atsuma Ohmura from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, and Dr Gerald Stanhill from the Israeli Agricultural Ministry.
		It seems that though global dimming may be reducing the amount of light reaching us,it could in fact be acting as a buffer and counteracting the effects of global warming.
	neovox.cortland.edu /oldsite/vox/vox_153/vox_153.html (883 words)

	Global Dimming - Global Issues
		Global warming results from the greenhouse effect caused by, amongst other things, excessive amounts of greenhouse gases in the earth's atmosphere from fossil fuel burning.
		The death toll that global dimming may have already caused is thought to be massive.
		Climatologists are stressing that the roots of both global dimming causing pollutants and global warming causing greenhouse gases have to be dealt with together and soon.
	www.globalissues.org /EnvIssues/GlobalWarming/globaldimming.asp (1334 words)

	Four Corners - 21/03/2005: Global Dimming
		Essentially, the phenomenon called "global dimming" may mean that even the direst predictions about the rate of global warming have been seriously underestimated.
		By allowing less sunlight to reach the Earth, global dimming is cushioning us from the full impact of global warming, climatologists say.
		Scientists have also linked global dimming to the failure of rains in sub-Saharan Africa — and the catastrophic droughts that hit Ethiopia in the 1980s.
	www.abc.net.au /4corners/content/2005/s1325819.htm (438 words)

	RealClimate » Global Dimming II Assombrissement Global II
		He called it "global" dimming because the technical term for the radiative energy is called "global solar radiation" and it contrasts nicely with the more common "global warming".
		Global warming, however, affects the entire atmosphere whereas global dimming is only a surface and near-surface phenomena.
		Yet if there is less water vapor available due to the combined effect of "global dimming" and global warming, then it would seem to me that the more vapor-starved clouds that result would have to rely entirely on the aerosol indirect effect to overcome the diminished vapor availability.
	www.realclimate.org /index.php?p=110 (3143 words)

	Sounding Circle: Goodbye Sunshine
		Stanhill says the dimming effect is much greater than the possible errors (which anyway would make the light levels go up as well as down), but what was really needed was an independent way to prove global dimming was real.
		Both of these facts could indicate that global dimming has waned, and this would seem to tie in with the general reduction in air pollution caused by the scaling down of heavy industry across parts of the world in recent years.
		Global warming itself might also be playing a role, he suggests, by perhaps forcing more water to be evaporated from the oceans and then blown onshore (although the evidence on land suggests otherwise).
	soundingcircle.com /newslog2.php/__show_article/_a000195-000548.htm (2183 words)

	Global dimming - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Global dimming is the gradual reduction in the amount of global hemispherical irradiance (or total solar irradiance) at the Earth's surface, observed since the beginning of systematic measurements in 1950s.
		Global dimming creates a cooling effect that may have partially masked the effect of greenhouse gases on global warming.
		It is currently thought that the effect of global dimming is probably due to the increased presence of aerosol particles in the atmosphere.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Global_dimming (1435 words)

	Pollution seems to be 'dimming ' global sunlight : SF Indymedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Scientists are now worried that dimming, by shielding the oceans from the full power of the Sun, may be disrupting the pattern of the world's rainfall.
		There are suggestions that dimming was behind the droughts in sub-Saharan Africa which claimed hundreds of thousands of lives in the 1970s and 80s.
		But perhaps the most alarming aspect of global dimming is that it may have led scientists to underestimate the true power of the greenhouse effect.
	sf.indymedia.org /news/2005/01/1709079.php (810 words)

	EdGCM: Climate Modeling for Research and Education - Global Dimming and Climate Models
		Global dimming is the phenomena of an observed reduction (about 1-2% per decade since ~1960) of sunlight reaching the surface of the Earth caused by air pollution (aerosols — small particles) and cloud changes.
		Global cooling, again The ice age is coming, the sunâs zooming in / Engines stop running and the wheat is growing thin /A nuclear error, but I have no fear /âCause London is drowning, and I live by the river (chorus from Londons Calling, by Strummer/Jones, 1979).
		Global dimming is the phenomena of an observed reduction of sunlight (since about 1960) reaching the surface of the Earth.
	edgcm.columbia.edu /news/climate/global_dimming.html (1403 words)

	[No title]
		This is yet another view regarding global warming, around which there is much debate as to its causes and potential effects in the future.
		quote: Global dimming is the hypothesised gradual reduction in the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface measured since the 1950s, as first reported by Atsumu Ohmura in 1989.
		I think global dimming will be heard about more and more in the future.
	www.atsnn.com /story/111210.html (749 words)

	Climate Change and Global Warming - Global Issues (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		With global warming on the increase and species and their habitats on the decrease, chances for ecosystems to adapt naturally are diminishing.
		However, it is believed that global dimming caused the droughts in Ethiopia in the 1970s and 80s where millions died, because the northern hemisphere oceans were not warm enough to allow rain formation.
		Global dimming is also hiding the true power of global warming.
	www.globalissues.org /EnvIssues/GlobalWarming.asp (1637 words)

	CO2 Science (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Several researchers have reported a widespread decrease in the amount of solar radiation received at the earth's surface during the second half of the 20th century, a phenomenon that has come to be known as solar dimming (Gilgen et al., 1998; Liepert, 2002; Stanhill and Cohen, 2001; Cohen et al., 2004).
		In the present study, we report on the work of Alpert et al., who hypothesized that the dimming of the 1950s through 1980s could be explained by the anthropogenic release of pollutants, such as sulfates, nitrates and fl carbon, which acted to reduce the amount of solar radiation received at the earth's surface.
		Stanhill, G. and Cohen, S. Global dimming: a review of the evidence for a widespread and significant reduction in global radiation with discussion of its probable causes and possible agricultural consequences.
	www.co2science.org /scripts/CO2ScienceB2C/articles/V9/N2/C2.jsp (588 words)

	bastardsword: Global Dimming
		Global Dimming, which is I suppose the opposite of solar warming.
		"Global dimming", as it has inevitably become called, has been suspected for nearly 20 years, since a Swiss geography researcher, routinely checking sunshine levels across Europe in 1985, found that they had dropped, even on the brightest days.
		Scientists are divided over whether global dimming is a natural phenomenon or caused by pollution, such as soot particles emitted from car exhausts, and global warming, which evaporates more water from the Earth, causing more clouds.
	armor.typepad.com /bastardsword/2004/05/global_dimming.html (685 words)

	Global Dimming
		It is not this loss of "Sun bestowed heat" that worries the scientists given the presence of the current tendency towards global warming but it is rather the likelyhood of other forms of climatic unpredictability arising from global dimming.
		Scientist have been working in a scenario where the global warming due to the burning of fossil fuels and the associated rapid rise in greenhouse gases could lead to an increase in global temperatures of five degreees Celsius by the end of the twenty-first century.
		As the causes of global dimming are tending to be removed the impact on global temperatures could be huge.
	www.age-of-the-sage.org /global_dimming.html (696 words)

	Could Reducing Global Dimming Mean a Hotter, Dryer World? -- The Earth Institute at Columbia University (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Despite concerns over global warming, scientists have discovered something that may have actually limited the impact of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere in recent years by reducing the amount of sunlight reaching the surface of the Earth.
		Global dimming also resulted in an observable difference in the brightness of sunlight.
		Through research, training and global partnerships, it mobilizes science and technology to advance sustainable development, while placing special emphasis on the needs of the world's poor.
	www.earthinstitute.columbia.edu /news/2006/story04-14-06.php (713 words)

	Centerfield: Global Dimming
		Global Dimming, if real, is likely to be a bigger and faster effect than global warming.
		My personal theory is that the dimming comes from the clouds being thicker and darker, and that the energy is diverted into the atmosphere, possibly translating into more energetic weather, like the possible increase in hurricane intensity that we're seeing.
		One of the possible explanations fo the original "dimming" is the decreasing aerosol burden due to more effective clean-air regulations and the decline in the economy with the political transition in Eastern European countries in the late 1980s.
	www.centristcoalition.com /blog/archives/003162.html (2024 words)

	global dimming - Military Photos
		Global dimming reduces the impact of global warming.
		Global Dimming is associated primarily with this mechanism.
		The mechanism that was discussed in the BBC Global Dimming documentary (2002 I believe) was aerosol or particles in the air, which BBC blamed on pollution.
	www.militaryphotos.net /forums/showthread.php?t=78739 (3126 words)

	Peace & Justice Coalition News: Global Dimming (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Gerry called the phenomenon global dimming, but his research, published in 2001, met with a sceptical response from other scientists.
		There are suggestions that dimming was behind the droughts in sub-Saharan Africa which claimed hundreds of thousands of lives in the 1970s and 1980s.
		“Global dimming” is the gradual reduction in the observed amount of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface.since about 1950.Dr David Travis has theorised that aircraft contrails are implicated in Global Dimming, but the constant flow of air traffic meant that this could not be tested.
	www.usfca.edu /org/pjc/2005/02/global-dimming.html (1257 words)

	Global Dimming - VeggieBoards
		Global Warming and Global Dimming are in a tug of war match.
		If a decrease in visible particulate pollution causes a decrease in the Global Dimming effect, then the Global Warming effect is potentially a lot stronger than we had previously anticipated, all because we have curbed particulate pollution while not reducing greenhouse gas emissions as significantly.
		Global Warming might be a lot worse than the current estimates because those estimates don't take Global Dimming into account.
	www.veggieboards.com /boards/showthread.php?t=52869 (864 words)

	Global Dimming and Animation / Beate Liepert's Web Site (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Global warming also contributes to dimming: warmer air holds more water, and when condensed the warmer clouds are heavier and darker.
		For that reason, the dimming appears to be more pronounced on cloudy days than sunny ones.
		Recent studies suggest that the phenomenon of global dimming may have slowed or stopped in the 1990s, probably due to efforts in several developed countries to clear up air pollution.
	www.ldeo.columbia.edu /~liepert/research/globalDimming.html (354 words)

	Globe Grows Darker as Sunshine Diminishes 10% to 37%
		No one is predicting that it may soon be night all day, and some scientists theorize that the skies have brightened in the last decade as the suspected cause of global dimming, air pollution, clears up in many parts of the world.
		Yet the dimming trend — noticed by a handful of scientists 20 years ago but dismissed then as unbelievable — is attracting wide attention.
		Research on dimming and its implications for weather, water supplies and agriculture will be presented next week in Montreal at a joint meeting of American and Canadian geological groups.
	www.commondreams.org /headlines04/0513-01.htm (1103 words)

	RealClimate » Global Dimming? Assombrissement global ?
		A recent BBC Horizon documentary (transcript) raised the issue of 'global dimming' and argued that this 'killer' phenomena's newly-recognised existence would lead to huge re-assessments of future global warming.
		As part of the hyperbole, the process of global dimming was linked very clearly to the famines in Ethiopia in the 1980s and the implication was left that worse was to come.
		Global dimming is indicated by measurements over land areas in many regions in the world and may therefore be a real phenomena.
	www.realclimate.org /index.php?p=105 (6846 words)

	Word Spy - global dimming
		The gradual reduction in the amount of sunlight reaching the earth's surface.
		People may be oblivious to so-called global dimming, which tends to occur during cloudy periods.
		Finally the steps needed to strengthen the evidence for global dimming, elucidate its causes and determine its agricultural consequences are outlined.
	www.wordspy.com /words/globaldimming.asp (444 words)

	FNF: GLOBAL DIMMING SOURCE: BBC - Science & Nature - Horizon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		UH PR "Global dimming is a term describing the gradual reduction in the amount of sunlight observed reaching the Earth's surface since the 1950s.
		The effect varies by location but globally is of the order of a 5% reduction over the three decades 1960-1990; the trend has reversed during the past decade.
		Global dimming creates a cooling effect that may have led scientists to underestimate the effect of greenhouse gases on global warming."
	www.hi.is /~joner/eaps/glob-Global-Dimming.htm (179 words)

	BBC - Science & Nature - Horizon
		PROF VEERABHADRAN RAMANATHAN: Basically the Global Dimming we saw in the North Indian Ocean, it was contributed on the one hand by the particles themselves shielding the ocean from the sunlight, on the other hand making the clouds brighter.
		But it was when scientists started to investigate the effects of Global Dimming that they made the most disturbing discovery of all.
		Because while Global Dimming is itself a major threat to humanity, it now appears it has been protecting us from an even greater threat.
	www.bbc.co.uk /sn/tvradio/programmes/horizon/dimming_trans.shtml (4964 words)

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