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	Artichoke (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Globe Artichoke is thought to have originated in the Mediterranean - there are references to it being grown in Italy and Sicily from around 300B.C. The ancient Greeks and Romans are said to have considered artichokes to be both a delicacy and an aphrodisiac.
		In the ninth century the Globe Artichoke was being cultivated by the Moors in southern Spain.
		Artichoke may be served as a dish in its own right, with a bowl of vinaigrette or lemon butter for dipping.
	www.barfoots.co.uk /artichoke.html (666 words)

	Globe artichoke - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Globe Artichokes were first cultivated at Naples around the middle of the 15th century, and are said to have been introduced to France by Catherine de Medici, in the 16th century.
		Globe Artichokes are perennials, and produce the edible flower only during the second and subsequent year.
		Artichoke is the primary flavor of the Italian liquor Cynar.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Globe_artichoke (1092 words)

	Slugs and Salal - Globe Artichokes - Pacific Northwest Gardening
		The Globe Artichoke (Cynara scolymus, French artichoke), the glamor queen among artichokes, is a large thistle-like perennial plant whose ancestors are natives of the Mediterranean region and the Canary Islands.
		The globe artichoke is thought to be an offshoot type derived from one of these ancestors, the cardoon (Cynara cardunculus), which is grown for its leaf stalks and midribs.
		Globe artichoke plants would not be at all out of place in the perennial flower garden.
	www.slugsandsalal.com /06/artichoke/artichokeGlobe.html (1514 words)

	Database entry for Artichoke - Cynara scolymus, Artichoke - Cynara scolymus, Artichoke - Cynara scolymus, Artichoke - ...
		Artichoke is also often used to mobilize fatty stores in the liver and detoxify it, and as a natural aid to lower cholesterol.
		The artichoke is popular for its pleasant bitter taste, which is attributed mostly to a plant chemical called cynarin found in the green parts of the plant.
		Artichoke extract is also able to stimulate the regeneration of liver cells in much the same manner as does silymayin.
	www.rain-tree.com /artichoke.htm (2595 words)

	Globe Artichoke, Commercial Vegetable Production Guides, North Willamette Research and Extension Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The true artichoke, a member of the thistle family, is known to the trade as the globe artichoke.
		Artichokes are deep rooted and when grown in the mild coastal climate, require up to 15 inches of water during the production season.
		Artichokes of good quality without decay or freezing injury will keep in good condition for 2 to 3 weeks at 32 F. If fields are to be maintained over winter, chop and bury the above ground plant residue after harvest and after the leaves become dormant in late fall.
	oregonstate.edu /Dept/NWREC/artichgl.html (2352 words)

	Artichokes, History and Legends of Artichokes
		The artichoke is a perennial in the thistle group of the sunflower family and is believed to be a native of the Mediterranean and the Canary Islands.
		Artichokes were first cultivated at Naples around the middle of the 15th century and gradually spread to other sections of Europe.
		Johann Wolfgang Goethe (1749-1832), poet and dramatist, shunned the artichoke.
	whatscookingamerica.net /History/ArtichokeHistory.htm (1707 words)

	GourmetSleuth - Artichokes
		The artichoke grows wild in the south of Europe and is cultivated in the United States, primarily in California.
		Artichoke eating is a hands-on affair and another case in life where the "journey is as important as the destination"...
		When you serve artichokes it's nice to put a bowl on the table for the discarded leaves unless your serving plate is large enough to stack the leaves on the side.
	www.gourmetsleuth.com /artichoke.htm (1440 words)

	Artichoke Herbal Supplement from Herbal Extracts Plus
		Artichoke extracts are said to be helpful for kidney, gallbladder and liver insufficiency, postoperative anemia; and in some countries, Artichoke is considered a fine aphrodisiac.
		The Globe Artichoke is a perennial, thistle-like plant that is native to the Mediterranean countries, but appears to have it origins in parts of Asia.
		The Artichoke is highly valued as an epicurean delight: The unopened flower heads are boiled and eaten hot with sauce or melted butter, or cold with vinaigrette; the hearts are marinated, baked or fried.
	www.herbalextractsplus.com /artichoke.cfm (800 words)

	Artichoke, Globe -- Cynara scolymus L.
		Globe artichokes are perennial, frost sensitive, thistle-like plants with edible flower buds.
		The base of each bract is the fleshy edible portion, along with the fleshy center of the artichoke on which the flower and bracts are borne.
		Almost all of the nation's globe artichokes are grown in a narrow coastal area of California because of the favorable climate.
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /MV011 (636 words)

	Specialty Crop Profile:Globe Artichoke
		Globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) is an herbaceous perennial that is grown for its tender, edible, immature flower buds.
		The globe artichoke should not be confused with Jerusalem artichoke, another member of the composite family native to North America, which is grown for its fleshy tubers.
		Globe artichoke bud with leaf bracts stripped away to expose the “choke” in the center and the edible receptacle.
	www.ext.vt.edu /pubs/vegetables/438-108/438-108.html (4209 words)

	Bodybuilding.com - Clayton South - Clayton's Health Facts: Artichoke Extract.
		The Globe Artichoke (Cynara Scolymus) is one of the oldest cultivated plants in the world.
		The artichoke is native to southern Europe, northern Africa, and the Canary Islands.
		In traditional European medicine, the leaves of the artichoke were used as a diuretic to stimulate the kidneys and as a "choleretic" to stimulate the flow of bile from the liver and gall bladder.
	www.bodybuilding.com /fun/southfacts_artichoke.htm (1357 words)

	Information on the herb artichoke.
		The leaves of the globe artichoke are long and spiny and the branched stem can reach up to 1 m (3 ft) tall, which bears heads of violet-colored (sometimes white), thistle-like flowers at the ends of the branches.
		Artichoke is said to reduce blood lipids, serum cholesterol, and blood sugar.
		Artichoke has a determinable hepatoprotective effect which is attributed to the cynarin, chlorogenic and neochlorogenic acid found in the herb.
	www.ageless.co.za /herb-artichoke.htm (547 words)

	Artichoke, Globe Artichokes - Food Facts
		The artichoke was first developed in Sicily and was known to both the Greeks and the Romans.
		All artichokes commercially grown in the United States are grown in California and Castroville, California, claims to be the "Artichoke Capital of the World." California even has an Artichoke Queen — the most famous queen was Marilyn Monroe in 1947.
		Artichokes remain fairly constant in appearance for weeks, but flavor is adversely affected from the moment they are cut from the stalk.
	www.foodreference.com /html/artartichoke.html (693 words)

	Globe Artichoke (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Description - The globe artichoke is a member of the Composite family, closely related to the thistle.
		The edible portion of the "globe" is composed of the fleshy bases of the flower bracts and the receptacle to which the bracts are attached, known as the "heart".
		To prepare whole artichokes, trim off the stem so it's even with the base of the artichoke and remove the small, tough leaves surrounding it.
	aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu /plantanswers/vegetables/globeart.html (468 words)

	What is an Artichoke?
		When people refer to an artichoke in cooking, they tend to mean the globe artichoke, of the thistle family.
		The artichoke served alone is not high in calories, with approximately 25 calories per vegetable.
		Marinated artichoke hearts are often used in salads, yet these do retain some of the oil in which they are preserved, so they may exhibit a higher fat content.
	www.wisegeek.com /what-is-an-artichoke.htm (589 words)

	Consumer Corner - What is an Artichoke?
		While artichokes are a small industry compared to broccoli, grapes, and lettuce, they add nearly $50 million to the economy of the state and a whole lot of panache.
		The heart of the artichoke industry is located near Castroville in Monterey County and Castroville proudly proclaims itself to be "The Artichoke Center of the World" on a huge banner that spans the main street.
		Although the green globe artichoke is the primary variety produced in California, there are several new varieties which are coming into production and can be grown outside the Mediterranean climate of the central coast.
	artichokes.org /consumer.html (753 words)

	Artichoke, Food Resource [http://food.oregonstate.edu/], Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
		The artichoke, Cynara scolymus, is the flower bud of a thistle-like plant, which is grown primarily in the vicinity of the city of Castroville, CA.
		Artichoke stem (approximately 38 g NSP kg 1) was similar to the receptacle (approximately 34 g NSP kg 1) but bracts were heavily lignified.
		Knowledge of C and nutrient element allocation/reallocation in the Jerusalem artichoke is of value for improving fertilization strategies and in identifying critical traits for the selection of new, high yielding cultivars.
	food.oregonstate.edu /v/arti.html (2273 words)

	Artichoke Peak Season
		In the 4th century BC, Theophrastus, a pupil of Aristotle, who is often credited with the invention of systematic botany, described the globe artichoke and said that it was effective in the treatment of plant poisoning.
		Artichoke derivatives are currently used both by herbalists and by mainstream medical practitioners to treat types of liver and gallbladder disorders, for the prevention of gallstones, liver diseases including those related to alcoholism, dyspepsia, chronic albuminuria, anemia, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, high cholesterol, and kidney disease.
		Artichoke infusions and pastes are also used in skin and facial treatments, although the medical literature (as opposed to what is put out by the cosmetics industry) is pretty scanty.
	www.mmdtkw.org /VArtichokes.html (1211 words)

	The Gardener's Network : How to grow Globe Artichoke Vegetable
		Artichokes or "chokes" as they are commonly called, are a member of the thistle family.
		Artichokes are considered a sensuous vegetable, and the vegetable of the gods.
		The Artichokes we eat are the immature flower bud of the plant which is called the "heart".
	www.gardenersnet.com /vegetable/artichoke.htm (364 words)

	Globe Artichoke - Davis Wiki
		Globe artichokes (Cynara scolymus) are in the Asteraceae family and though classified as a perennial herb, are also identified as a noxious/invasive weed.
		Globe artichokes are one of the world's oldest cultivated vegetables, farmed by the Greeks and Romans as far back as 371 BC, who obtained them from the sandy shores of North Africa.
		Almost all globe artichokes purchased in American grocery stores are grown in coastal California around Monterey because of its frost-free climate and cool, foggy summers.
	daviswiki.org /Globe_Artichoke (628 words)

	botanical.com - A Modern Herbal \| Artichoke, Globe - Herb Profile and Information
		These flowerheads in an immature state contain the parts that are eatable, which comprise the fleshy receptacle usually called the 'bottom,' freed from the bristles and seed-down, commonly called the 'choke,' and the thick lower part of the imbricated scales or leaves of the involucre.
		They are occasionally used for pickling, but for this purpose the smaller heads which are formed on the lateral shoots that spring in succession from the main stem, are generally preferred when about the size of a large egg.
		The chard of Artichokes, or the tender central leaf-stalks, blanched, is by some considered to be equal to the Cardoon.
	www.botanical.com /botanical/mgmh/a/artic066.html (657 words)

	Artichoke
		The artichoke is a member of the thistle family; the edible portion is basically a large flower bud with tough, petal-shaped leaves, and an inedible, prickly flower center.
		Artichokes may range in color from dark violet to pale green, and in size from a golf ball to a softball.
		To eat a whole cooked artichoke, pull off the leaves one by one, dip each leaf in melted butter, vinaigrette, or other dipping sauce, and scrape off the pulp from the thick end between your teeth.
	www.puritan.com /vf/healthnotes/HN_live/Food_Guide/Artichoke.htm (884 words)

	Artichoke (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Artichoke is the name for two perennial plants of the thistle group of the sunflower (Compositae) family, both having edible parts.
		It is the French, or globe, artichoke (Cynara scolymus) of southern Europe whose immature, globular flower heads are a popular vegetable favored by gourmets in the United States.
		Artichokes were fetching high prices and farmers could pay Molera triple what the sugar company did for the same land.
	www.californiagardenclubs.org /html/artichoke.html (835 words)

	Jerusalem Artichoke
		The globe artichoke is a member of the thistle branch of the Aster or Daisy family, Asteraceae (ass-ter-AY-see-ee).
		A native of the Mediterannean coast of North Africa with a long history both as a food and a medicine, the globe artichoke became popular among aristocrats in England and France during the sixteenth century, and was highly regarded among men as an aphrodisiac.
		The Jerusalem artichoke is easy to tend when grown in an orderly garden, but if one is left in the ground unattended for more than one season it multiplies on its own, and its offspring promptly hit the road to make weeds of themselves.
	www.lewis-clark.org /content/content-article.asp?ArticleID=1925 (569 words)

	Chapter 6: Common Vegetables for Seed and Fruit
		The artichoke is grown almost entirely in California where there were about 11,000 acres in 1969 with a farm value of about $7 million.
		The inflorescence and pollination relationships are similar to artichoke (Bailey 1949*).
		The artichoke is a herbaceous perennial, the plant being renewed from year to year by lateral offshoots that arise just below the surface of the ground.
	gears.tucson.ars.ag.gov /book/chap6/artichoke.html (575 words)

	Globe Artichoke (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The globe artichoke is a member of the Composite family, closely related to the thistle.
		The globe artichoke is not grown commercially in Texas, but some home gardeners along the Texas coast grow it.
		Select globes that are dark green, heavy for their size and free of blemishes.
	aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu /extension/specialty/globe.html (158 words)

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