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Topic: Glottalic egressive

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Glottalic ingressive

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		A pulmonic egressive airstream is used to produce a speech gesture known as an inhaled sigh.
		Both egressive and ingressive glottalic airstreams are used to produce speech sounds.
		The velaric egressive airstream is initiated by pushing the tip of the tongue rapidly to the front of the oral cavity.
	web.udl.es /usuaris/m0163949/airflow.htm (2012 words)

	US Bazaar.com : Encyclopedia Pages : Plosive
		The normal mechanism is pulmonic egressive, that is, with air flowing outward from the lungs.
		Some languages have stops made with other mechanisms as well: ejective stops (glottalic egressive), implosive stops (glottalic ingressive), or click consonants (velaric ingressive).
		A fortis stop (in the narrow sense) is produced with more muscular tension than a lenis stop (in the narrow sense).
	encyclopedia.us-bazaar.com /?title=Plosive (1119 words)

	Chapter 12 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		glottalic: glottis is closed, larynx is lowered prior to release.
		if vocal folds are closed in a glottal stop, and larynx raised, the air pressure of the pharynx and mouth is raised.
		this forms a second type of air stream mechanism – glottalic – in which th eglottis is the initiator, moving up and down like a piston.
	www.chass.utoronto.ca /~nrosen/lecture10.html (517 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In the languages where they are more obvious, ejectives are often described as sounding like "spat" consonants; but ejectives are often quite weak and, in some contexts, and in some languages, are easy to mistake for unaspirated plosives.
		In strict, technical terms, ejectives are glottalic egressive consonants.
		When sonorants are written as if they were ejective, they actually involve a different airstream mechanism: they are glottalized consonants and vowels, where glottalization interrupts an otherwise normal pulmonic airstream, somewhat like English uh-uh (either vocalic or nasal) pronounced as a single sound.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=glottalic_egressive (550 words)

	Plosive Consonant Encyclopedia Information @ Karr.net (Karr Network) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		A stop, plosive, or occlusive is a voiced retroflex plosive sound produced by stopping the airflow in the vocal cords.
		The term plosive is reserved for glottalic egressive (non-nasal) stops: that is, stops with a release burst.
		Aspirated stops have a voice onset time greater than zero, so that there is a period of voiceless airflow (a phonetic glottal stop) before the onset of the vowel.
	www.karr.net /encyclopedia/Plosive_consonant (1219 words)

	How to create a language
		Glottalization is performed by closing the glotis, and opening it at the same time you pronounce the sound.
		In English, a glottal stop is usually pronounced as a pause before a word that begins with a vowel, especially when the previous one ends in a vowel too, as in uh-oh.
		Glottalized consonants are also called glottalic egressive or ejective.
	www.angelfire.com /scifi2/nyh/how__all.html (18723 words)

	siden
		An egressive airstream is one which moves from inside the vocal tract to the outside.
		Two egressive airstreams are used for speech sounds: pulmonic and glottalic.
		Ejectives are found in contrast to pulmonic egressive sounds in languages of North and Central America, many languages in Africa and in Caucasian languages.
	www.phon.ucl.ac.uk /home/johnm/sid/side.htm (762 words)

	Linguistics 201: Articulatory Phonetics
		glottal (glottal stop, the vocal chords are the two articulators.
		a) The glottis is slightly constricted to produce [h], a glottalic approximant.
		Approximants (the lowest degree of blockage) include: the glottal approximant [h], the glides [j] and [w], and most l- and r-sounds.
	pandora.cii.wwu.edu /vajda/ling201/test2materials/articulatory_phonetics.htm (2365 words)

	Ejective consonant (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Ejective consonants are a class of consonants which may contrast with aspirated or unaspirated consonants in a language.
		Ejectives are voiceless consonants which are pronounced with simultaneous glottal closure.
		They are often described as sounding like "spat" consonants, but ejectivity is often quite weak; in some contexts, and depending upon the language they appear in, they may even sound like unaspirated consonants.
	ejective-consonant.kiwiki.homeip.net (306 words)

	Actions of the Larynx
		Pulmonic Egressive Stop (Plosive) Produced by closure in the oral cavity.
		Glottalic Egressive Stop (Ejective) Produced by a closure at the glottis and in oral cavity.
		Glottalic Ingressive Stop (Implosive) Produced by closure at the glottis and in oral cavity.
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~guion/411notes/actlar.htm (344 words)

	B07 Sound patterns in Human Language: Airstream mechanisms
		Most sounds in speech (and all we have met) arise from movement of air outwards from the lungs.
		These can be classed together as pulmonic egressive sounds (pulmonic = lung based, egressive = outwards tending).
		This contrasts with egressives, where /k'/ is the most common sound, followed by /t'/ and then /p'/.
	cspeech.ucd.ie /~fred/teaching/oldcourses/phonetics/airstream1.html (742 words)

	Airstream Mechanisms Lecture & Sounds
		Glottalic: use glottis (space between vocal folds) as mechanism
		Glottalic egressive mechanism useful for obstruents = Ejectives (p', t', k')/ (s', ts')
		Glottal size can be varied by sliding one end of the vocal folds by moving the arytenoid cartilages.
	www.cs.indiana.edu /~adamlear/l306/ch6_lecture.html (283 words)

	Linguistics Valleys: Essay: Airstream Mechanism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Generally, there are three types of airstreams including pulmonic which is initiated by the respiratory muscles of the lungs, glottalic which is initiated by the upward or downward movements of the glottis; and velaric which is initiated by the backward and downward movement of the tongue to the velum.
		There are two types of airflow directions: egressive (air is pushed out of the mouth thorugh the vocal tract) and ingressive (air is sucked into the vocal tract through the mouth during part of the articulation).
		Brief description: downward movement of the vibrating glottis; pulmonic egressive airstream may also involved
	linguisticsearth.blogspot.com /2006/01/essay-airstream-mechanism.html (244 words)

	airstream mechanisms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		the air comes out of the mouth (= egressive), but not out of the lungs but rather from an area above the glottis (= glottalic).
		In order to perform such an airstream mechanism in the case of an ejective k-sound, the muscles of the pharynx contract.
		Try to superimpose a glottal stop on the final [k].
	www.uni-mainz.de /FB/Philologie-II/fb1413/elearning_phonetics/s_tuma_new_files/articulatory_basics/phonation/ejectives.htm (310 words)

	Study Guide for Final Exam, L306
		Be able to transcribe dialects of English using the basic symbol set of IPA.
		variants: lateral release, glottal stop, flap/tap homorganic relationships, voicing pairs coarticulation palatography (palatograms) affricates vs. fricatives IPA phonetic alphabet a.
		It asserts that observed acoustic signals of speech result from a sound Source (from the glottal buzz or frication) filtered by a vocal Cavities (in front of the source).
	www.cs.indiana.edu /~port/teach/306/rev.final.html (1124 words)

	the ceremonial language Damin
		Damin has a system of only three vowels, a, i, and u, with contrastive length, whereas everyday Lardil distinguishes long and short varieties of four vowels, a, i, u and e.
		The phonetician J. Catford has pointed out that Damin employs five phonetic initiation types - pulmonic egressive (which characterises ALL sounds in most other Australian languages), pulmonic ingressive (/L/), velaric ingressive (the clicks), velaric egressive (/p'/) and glottalic egressive (/k'/).
		No other language in the world has this variety of initiation types, leading Catford to 'perhaps hypothesize that [Damin's] sound system is a deliberately invented one.' (Interestingly, the Lardil attribute Damin to a legendary personality called Kalthad 'yellow trevally.')
	www.rickharrison.com /language/damin.html (1085 words)

	Amazon.com: "voiced implosives": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		and implosives can be produced with modal voice, with a more tense voice setting, and with a complete glottal closure.
		Voiced implosives are stops that are produced by lowering the larynx while the vocal folds are vibrating.
		voicing can be added to either velaric ingressive sounds (to give voiced clicks) or to glottalic ingressive sounds (to give voiced implosives).
	www.amazon.com /phrase/voiced-implosives (520 words)

	The SIL French/English Linguistic Glossary
		SIL HOME ABOUT SIL SITE MAP SEARCH CONTACT US
		Fr consonne éjective, consonne glottalisée, consonne récursive, éjective, glottalisée
		Source(s): Croft 1990: 19 (glottalic consonant), 82 (glottalized stop, glottalized fricative); ELL: 3059 (glottalized sound = glottalic egressive sound); Hamp 1963: 30 (glottalized stop); Lehmann 1992: 46 (glottalic); MacKay 1989: 172; Nash 1968: 90
	www.sil.org /Linguistics/glossary_fe/glossary.asp?entryid=11484&src=y (52 words)

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