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Topic: Glutathione S-transferase

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Glutathione - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia GSH is known as a cofactor in both conjugation reactions and reduction reactions, catalyzed by glutathione S-transferase enzymes in cytosol, microsomes, and mitochondria. Glutathione participates in leukotriene synthesis and is a cofactor for the enzyme glutathione peroxidase. Glutathione is also needed for the detoxification of methylglyoxal, a toxin produced as a by-product of metabolism. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Glutathione   (448 words)

Glutathione S-transferase: an enzyme for chemical defense in plants Schroder, P.and Rennenberg, H. (1992) Characterization of glutathione S- transferase from dwarf pine needles (Pinus mugo Turra). Glutathione that is distributed in the intracellular space of plants, animals, and microorganisms has two general functions: to remove toxic metabolites from the cell and to maintain cellular sulfhydril groups in their reduced form (Liebman and Greenberg 1988). GST detoxification of fenoxaprop in wheat is in contrast to the metabolic fate of the diclofop that is hydroxylated by the cytochrome P450. www.colostate.edu /Depts/Entomology/courses/en570/papers_1998/karam.htm   (4749 words)

Glutathione S-transferase The glutathione S-transferases are a family of enzymes that catalyze the addition of the tripeptide glutathione to endogenous and xenobiotice substrates which have electrophilic functional groups. "Three-Dimensional Structure, Catalytic Properties and Evolution of a Sigma Class Glutathione Transferase from Squid, A Progenitor of the Lens S-Crystallins of Cephalopods", Ji, X., von Roxenvinge, E.C., Johnson, W.W., Tomarev, S.I., Piatigorsky, J., Armstrong, R.N., and Gilliland, G.L., Biochemistry 34, 5317-5328 (1995). Glutathione S-transferases are dimeric with subunits of 25 kDa molecular weight. www.carb.nist.gov /gilliland_group/molecules/gst.html   (816 words)

Glutathione conjugation - Sulfate uptake and assimilation - HORT640 - Metabolic Plant Physiology - Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture - Purdue University Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) may also be involved in conjugating electrophiles generated from the reaction of hydroxyl radicals with lipids and DNA, and thus contribute to oxidative stress resistance (Marrs, 1996). Glutathione S-transferases have been shown to be induced by a wide range of chemical agents (Ulmasov et al, 1995), wounding, heavy metals, ethylene, and ozone (Marrs, 1996). Gronwald JW, Plaisance KL 1998 Isolation and characterization of glutathione S-transferase isoenzymes from sorghum. www.hort.purdue.edu /rhodcv/hort640c/sulfate/su00013.htm   (528 words)

Immunolocalization of Microsomal Glutathione S-TraNsferase in Rat Tissues -- Otieno et al. 25 (1): 12 -- Drug Metabolism and Disposition Dallner: Quantitation of glutathione transferase-pi in the urine by radioimmunoassay. Dallner: Glutathione transferase in the urine: a marker for post-transplant tubular lesions. Distribution of microsomal glutathione transferase (mGST) protein in rat tissues was investigated by immunohistochemistry. dmd.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/25/1/12   (3999 words)

The conserved Asn49 of maize glutathione S-transferase I modulates substrate binding, catalysis and intersubunit communication -- Labrou et al. 268 (14): 3950 -- FEBS Journal The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs, EC 2.5.1.18) are a superfamily Mozer, T.J., Tiemeier, D.C. and Jaworski, E.G. (1983) Purification and characterization of corn glutathione S-transferase. Armstrong, R.N. (1998) Mechanistic imperatives for the evolution of glutathione transferases. content.febsjournal.org /cgi/content/full/268/14/3950   (4215 words)

EMD Biosciences - Calbiochem - Inhibitors: Nitric Oxide/Oxidative Stress - Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Glutathione S-transferases (GST) constitute a family of phase II detoxification isozymes that catalyze the conjugation of glutathione with a number of hydrophobic compounds. Due to high expression of GSTs in tumors compared to normal tissues and their high level in plasma from cancer patients, these enzymes are considered to be cancer markers. Hence, GST status may be a useful prognostic factor to determine the clinical outcome of chemotherapy. www.emdbiosciences.com /html/cbc/nitric_oxide_inhibitors_glutathione_s-transferase.htm   (183 words)

GenomicsHuGENetReviewsGlutathione S-Transferase and Colorectal Cancer Glutathione S-transferase mu polymorphism and susceptibility to lung cancer in the Portuguese population. Glutathione transferase null genotype, broccoli, and lower prevalence of colorectal adenomas. Glutathione S transferase-theta (GSTT1) genetic polymorphism among Chinese, Malays and Indians in Singapore. www.cdc.gov /genomics/hugenet/reviews/glutathione.htm   (8052 words)

Pfam 18.0 : GST_N Three-dimensional structure of Escherichia coli glutathione S-transferase complexed with glutathione sulfonate: catalytic roles of Cys10 and His106. Glutathione S-transferases form homodimers, but in eukaryotes can also form heterodimers of the A1 and A2 or YC1 and YC2 subunits. The glutathione molecule binds in a cleft between N and C-terminal domains - the catalytically important residues are proposed to reside in the N-terminal domain [1]. pfam.wustl.edu /cgi-bin/getdesc?name=GST_N   (307 words)

Isolation and Characterization of Glutathione S-Transferase Isozymes from Sorghum -- Gronwald and Plaisance 117 (3): 877 -- PLANT PHYSIOLOGY GST B1/B2 was a heterodimer with subunit molecular assayed with CDNB as the substrate, whereas GST B1/B2 was assayed Purification of subunits from GST A1/A1 (A) and GST B1/B2 (B) by HPLC reverse-phase chromatography. www.plantphysiol.org /cgi/content/full/117/3/877   (6392 words)

ARS Publication request: Abiotic Stress Alters Transcript Profiles and Activity of Glutathione S-Transferase, Gluthione Peroxidase, and Glutathione Reductase in Euphorbia Esula Glutathione plays an important role in plant defense mechanisms and varying degrees of glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity have been observed in leafy spurge tissue exposed to xenobiotic- and environmental-stress. Up-regulation of a leafy spurge stress-inducible, MAP kinase observed in DM- and drought-treated tissue indicate that signal transduction cascades involved in defense signaling may be responsive to stress-induced changes in glutathione concentrations. Changes in GST, GPX, and GR activities in DM-treated tissue were, in part, attributed to both induced gene expression and decreased total protein content. www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?seq_no_115=139118   (472 words)

Tissue-specific Expression and Subcellular Distribution of Murine Glutathione S-transferase Class Kappa -- Thomson et al. 52 (5): 653 -- Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry Addya S, Mullick J, Fang JK, Avadhani NG (1994) Purification and characterization of a hepatic mitochondrial glutathione S-transferase exhibiting immunochemical relationship to the alpha-class of cytosolic isoenzymes. Hayes JD (1986) Purification and physical characterization of glutathione S-transferase K. Differential use of S-hexylglutathione and glutathione affinity matrices to isolate a novel glutathione S-transferase from rat liver. Harris JM, Meyer DJ, Coles B, Ketterer B (1991) A novel glutathione transferase (13–13) isolated from the matrix of rat liver mitochondria having structural similarity to class theta enzymes. www.jhc.org /cgi/content/full/52/5/653   (3994 words)

Catalytic function of Drosophila melanogaster glutathione S-transferase DmGSTS1-1 (GST-2) in conjugation of lipid peroxidation end products -- Singh et al. 268 (10): 2912 -- FEBS Journal Toung, Y.P., Hsieh, T.S. and Tu, C.P. (1991) The Drosophila glutathione S-transferase 1-1 is encoded by an intronless gene at 87B. Habig, W.H. and Jakoby, W.B. (1981) Assays for differentiation of glutathione S-transferases. do not express a separate glutathione peroxidase, the higher content.febsjournal.org /cgi/content/full/268/10/2912   (6891 words)

Structure of the Glutathione S-Transferase of Cephalopods / Todd Tobeck/1997 The glutathione (GSH) S-transferases are a group of enzymes whose main function is to convert endogenous, and xenobiotic electrophilic compounds, to water soluble intermediates, that may be eliminated. The Three Dimensional Structure of the Glutathione S-Transferase of Cephalopods and its Relationship to the S-crystallin of Cephalopod Lenses. Relationships with Other Glutathione S-Transferases and S-Crystallins of Cephalopods. wwwchem.csustan.edu /chem4400/SJBR/TOBECK.htm   (2078 words)

Selective expression of a unique glutathione S-transferase Yb3 gene in rat brain -- Abramovitz and Listowsky 262 (16): 7770 -- Journal of Biological Chemistry Selective expression of glutathione S-transferase genes in the murine gastrointestinal tract in response to dietary organosulfur compounds Selective expression of a unique glutathione S-transferase Yb3 gene in rat brain -- Abramovitz and Listowsky 262 (16): 7770 -- Journal of Biological Chemistry Selective expression of a unique glutathione S-transferase Yb3 gene in rat brain www.jbc.org /cgi/lookup?vol=262&fp=7770&view=abstract   (351 words)

Parasitology: glutathione s-transferase refs Brophy, P.M., Crowley, P. and Barrett, J. Relative distribution of glutathione transferase, glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II in helminths. Brophy, P.M. and Barrett, J. Glutathione transferase in helminths. Brophy, P.M. and Barrett, J. Blocking factors and the isolation of glutathione transferases from Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda : Cyclophyllidea). www.aber.ac.uk /~mpgwww/GlutTran/GlutRef.html   (818 words)

Glutathione S-Transferase Polymorphisms and Outcome of Chemotherapy in Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia -- Davies et al. 19 (5): 1279 -- Journal of Clinical Oncology Koberda J, Hellmann A: Glutathione S-transferase activity of leukemic cells as a prognostic factor for response to chemotherapy in acute leukemias. Glutathione S-Transferase Polymorphisms and Outcome of Chemotherapy in Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia Glutathione S-Transferase Polymorphisms and Outcome of Chemotherapy in Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia -- Davies et al. www.jco.org /cgi/content/full/19/5/1279   (4054 words)

The IQ-gene: Glutathione S-transferase Omega 1? - HUM-MOLGEN Whitbread, A. K., Tetlow, N., Eyre, H. J., Sutherland, G. and P. Board: Characterization of the human Omega class glutathione transferase genes and associated polymorphisms. Sinet, P.-M., Lejeune, J. and H. Jerome: Trisomy 21 (Down`s syndrome), glutathione peroxidase, hexose monophosphate shunt and I.Q.. Janáky, R., Ogita, K., Pasqualotto, B. A., Bains, J. S., Oja, S. S., Yoneda, Y., and C. Shaw: Glutathione and signal transduction in the mammalian CNS. hum-molgen.org /bb/Forum9/HTML/000052.html   (891 words)

Glutathione S-transferase, omega-1 definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms Glutathione S-transferase, omega-1 definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms MedicineNet Home > MedTerms medical dictionary A-Z List > Glutathione S-transferase, omega-1 Please consult your healthcare provider before beginning any course of supplementation or treatment. www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=31472   (127 words)

Robert Edwards Group Abstracts Characterisation of glutathione transferases and glutathione peroxidases in pea ( Pisum sativum). Differential induction of glutathione transferases and glucosyltransferases in wheat, maize and Arabidopsis thaliana by herbicide safeners Glutathione transferases (GSTs) catalysing the conjugation of 1- chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, the chloro-s-triazine herbicide atrazine, the chloroacetanilide herbicides metolachlor and alachlor and the diphenyl ether herbicide fluorodifen have been identified in suspension-cultured cells derived from the grass weed giant foxtail (Setaria faberi Herrm.). www.dur.ac.uk /d.p.dixon/abstracts.htm   (127 words)

GenomicsHuGENetReviewsGlutathione S-Transferase and Colorectal Cancer Glutathione transferase null genotype, broccoli, and lower prevalence of colorectal adenomas. Genotypic and phenotypic determination of polymorphic glutathione transferase T1 in a Swedish population. Ethnic distribution of the glutathione transferase Mu 1-1 (GSTM1) null genotype in 1473 individuals and application to bladder cancer susceptibility. www.cdc.gov /genomics/hugenet/reviews/glutathione.htm   (127 words)

GenomicsHuGENetReviewsGlutathione S-Transferase Ovarian Cancer Zeta, a novel class of glutathione transferases in a range of species from plants to humans. Cotton SC, Sharp L, Little J, Brockton N. Glutathione S transferase polymorphisms and colorectal cancer. Ryberg D, Skaug V, Hewer A, Phillips DH, Harries LW, Wolf CR, Ogreid D, Ulvik A, Vu P, Haugen A. Genotypes of glutathione transferase M1 and P1 and their significance for lung DNA adduct levels and cancer risk. www.cdc.gov /genomics/hugenet/reviews/GSTovarian.htm   (127 words)

BMCD v2.0 transferase, glutathione S-, class pi, porcine or pig transferase, glucosyl-, beta-, Bacteriophage T4 transferase, glutathione S-, Galus galus recombinant transferase, glutathione, A1-1 (previously GST2 alpha) : inhibitor, Homo sapiens human wwwbmcd.nist.gov:8080 /bmcd/mlst-T.html   (127 words)

Normal Bronchial Epithelial Cell Expression of Glutathione Transferase P1, Glutathione Transferase M3, and Glutathione Peroxidase Is Low in Subjects with Bronchogenic Carcinoma -- Crawford et al. 60 (6): 1609 -- Cancer Research Normal Bronchial Epithelial Cell Expression of Glutathione Transferase P1, Glutathione Transferase M3, and Glutathione Peroxidase Is Low in Subjects with Bronchogenic Carcinoma -- Crawford et al. Seidegard J., Vorachek W. R., Pero R. W., Pearson W. Hereditary differences in the expression of the human glutathione transferase active on trans -stilbene oxide are due to a gene deletion. Normal Bronchial Epithelial Cell Expression of Glutathione Transferase P1, Glutathione Transferase M3, and Glutathione Peroxidase Is Low in Subjects with Bronchogenic Carcinoma cancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/60/6/1609   (127 words)

UniProtKB Entry - UniProt [the Universal Protein Resource] Identification of three classes of cytosolic glutathione transferase common to several mammalian species: correlation between structural data and enzymatic properties. Nomenclature: Transferases; Transferring alkyl or aryl groups, other than methyl groups; Transferring Alkyl or Aryl Groups, Other than Methyl Groups; glutathione transferase GO: 0004364 : glutathione transferase activity [ INTERPRO ; evidence: IEA ] [ SPEC ; evidence: IEA ] [PMID: 10229687 ; evidence: IDA ] www.pir.uniprot.org /cgi-bin/upEntry?id=P04905   (127 words)

RCSB PDB : Structure Explorer Oakley, A.J. Bello, M.L. Battistoni, A. Ricci, G. Rossjohn, J. Villar, H.O. Parker, M.W. The structures of human glutathione transferase P1-1 in complex with glutathione and various inhibitors at high resolution. If you would like to have full functionality, please upgrade your browser. pdbbeta.rcsb.org /pdb/explore.do?structureId=8GSS   (127 words)

CSB X-ray Unit - Publications Karshikoff, A., Reinemer, P., Huber, R., and Ladenstein, R.(1993).Electrostatic evidence for the activation of the glutathione thiol by Tyrosine 7 in pi-class GSH Transferases. The three-dimensional structure of class pi glutathione transferase in complex with glutathione sulfonate at 2.3 Å resolution.EMBO J. Reinemer P., Dirr, H. W., Ladenstein, R., Huber, R., Lo Bello, M., Federici, G., Parker, M. W.(1992).Three-dimensional structure of class pi glutathione transferase from human placenta in complex with S-hexyl-glutathione at 2.8 Å resolution. The Refined Structure of the Selenoenzyme Glutathione Peroxidase at 0.2-nm Resolution, Eur. www.csb.ki.se /users/xray/publications.html   (2401 words)

Glutathione - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia GSH is known as a cofactor in both conjugation reactions and reduction reactions, catalyzed by glutathione S-transferase enzymes in cytosol, microsomes, and mitochondria. Glutathione participates in leukotriene synthesis and is a cofactor for the enzyme glutathione peroxidase. Glutathione is also needed for the detoxification of methylglyoxal, a toxin produced as a by-product of metabolism. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Glutathione   (458 words)

Glutathione S-transferase The glutathione S-transferases are a family of enzymes that catalyze the addition of the tripeptide glutathione to endogenous and xenobiotice substrates which have electrophilic functional groups. "The Three-Dimensional Structure of a Glutathione S-Transferase from the mu Gene Class: Structural Analysis of the Binary Complex of Isozyme 3-3 and Glutathione at 2.2 Å Resolution", Ji, X., Zhang, P., Armstrong, R.N., and Gilliland, G.L., Biochemistry, 31, 10169-10184 (1992). Glutathione S-transferases are dimeric with subunits of 25 kDa molecular weight. www.carb.nist.gov /gilliland_group/molecules/gst.html   (816 words)

Reactive Intermediates and The Dynamics of Glutathione Transferases -- Rinaldi et al. 30 (10): 1053 -- Drug Metabolism and Disposition Ooi SG, Jernstrom B and Ahokas J (1994) Effects of microsomes and liposomes on glutathione transferase catalysed conjugation of benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide with glutathione. The existence of a distinct "microsomal" glutathione transferase was proposed by Kraus (1975) to the amount and nature of glutathione transferases present (introduced dmd.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/30/10/1053   (816 words)

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