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Topic: Gneisenau class battlecruiser

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German battlecruiser Gneisenau

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	Battlecruiser
		A battlecruiser is a large gunship, larger than a cruiser and of comparable size to a battleship.
		But as soon as battlecruisers encountered enemy battlecruisers (or more modern battleships which could keep up with them), their speed advantage would be lost and the thin armor then meant that they were highly vulnerable to their opponent's gunfire.
		The battlecruisers HMS Invincible, HMS Queen Mary[?] and HMS Indefatigable[?] exploded with the loss of all but a handful of their crews, and HMS Lion[?] only survived by intentionally flooding one of her magazines.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ba/Battlecruiser.html (487 words)

	German battlecruiser Scharnhorst - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Her armour was equal to that of a battleship and if it hadn't been for her relatively small calibre guns she would have been classified as a battleship by the British.
		This was the last engagement before the battlecruisers entered the French port of Brest on the 22 March.
		The battlecruiser classification came from the Royal Navy, the German Kriegsmarine classification was battleship.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/German_battlecruiser_Scharnhorst (1485 words)

	German battlecruiser Gneisenau - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		She was the second to carry the name of the Prussian general August von Gneisenau; the first was the World War I armored cruiser SMS Gneisenau, destroyed near the Falklands in 1914.
		Gneisenau, originally called Panzerschiff ("Armored Ship") E, was at first to be one of the Deutschland class "pocket battleships".
		She was torpedoed again in April 1941, and hit by 4 bombs in Brest on the night of 9-10 April, and was repaired at Brest in France through December, 1941.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/German_battlecruiser_Gneisenau (888 words)

	Battlecruiser (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Battlecruisers were large warships of the first half of the 20th century.
		The result was a disaster for the Royal Navy's battlecruiser squadrons: Invincible, Queen Mary and Indefatigable exploded with the loss of all but a handful of their crews The German battlecruisers were better armoured, although Lützow was damaged and had to be scuttled, and Seydlitz was heavily damaged.
		The first battlecruiser to see action in the Pacific War was Repulse when she was sunk near Singapore on December 10 1941 whilst in company with HMS Prince of Wales.
	pda.molinu.com /wiki/en/ba/Battlecruiser.htm (2616 words)

	Battlecruiser - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		As with the never-completed Lexington class battlecruisers, the Alaska class ships were an outgrowth of contemporary American cruiser design, rather than being a new battlecruiser class to occupy the middle ground between heavy cruisers and fast battleships.
		Their classification as battlecruisers arises from their displacement, which is roughly equal to that of a World War I battleship, and the fact that they posses more firepower than nearly every other surface ship; however, the Kirov-class lacks the heavy armore that distinguishes battlecruisers from regular cruiser.
		As a result, battlecruiser squadrons were added to the line of battle — a role for which they were not designed and one that exposed them to great risk.
	www.voigi.com /mediawiki/index.php/Battlecruiser (3533 words)

	Battlecruiser
		Soon after the British, the Germans started building their own battlecruisers, the first was SMS Von der Tann of 1911.
		At the Battle of Jutland two years later, the British battlecruisers engaged the German battlecruisers and battleships before the arrival of the battleships of the British Grand Fleet, with disastrous results.
		Her armour was stronger, than of earlier battlecruisers, but it also proved a fatal weakness, as she exploded and sank in a duel with Bismarck during World War II.
	www.teachersparadise.com /ency/en/wikipedia/b/ba/battlecruiser.html (631 words)

	[No title]
		Built in response to the Germany's projected 15-inch battlecruiser, the plans for the Hood were revised in the aftermath of the Battle of Jutland to give her greater armor protection making her comparable to the Queen Elizabeth class rather than battlecruisers.
		The King George V class, consisting of five battleships with ten 14-inch guns, was in keeping with the agreements.
		The battlecruiser Hood was built during World War I while the Prince of Wales, commissioned in 1939, was a member of the King George V class of battleships.
	www.apple2.org.za /gswv/a2zine/Docs/Dreadnoughts.txt (7264 words)

	X class submarine: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The X class submarines' weapons were two side-cargoes - explosive charges (explosive charges: A quantity of explosive to be set off at one time) each held on opposite sides of the hull with two tons of explosive (amatol (amatol: amatol is a highly explosive material, a mixture of tnt and ammonium nitrate, and...
		Their first deployment was Operation Source, an attempt to neutralise the heavy German (German: A person of German nationality) warships (warships: A government ship that is available for waging war) in Northern Norway (Norway: A constitutional monarchy in northern Europe on the western side of the Scandinavian Peninsula; achieved independence from Sweden in 1905).
		HMS X9 and HMS X10 were to attack the battle cruiser (battle cruiser: A cruiser of maximum speed and firepower) Scharnhorst (Scharnhorst: scharnhorst was a 31,500 ton gneisenau class battlecruiser of the german kriegsmarine,...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/x_class_submarine (1026 words)

	Scharnhorst (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Her first wartime operation was a sweep into the Iceland-Faroes passage in late November 1939, in which the British armed merchant cruiser Rawalpindi was sunk.
		In the spring of 1940 the battleship and her sister, Gneisenau, covered the conquest of Norway.
		They engaged the British battlecruiser Renown on April 9, 1940, and sank the carrier HMS Glorious and two destroyers on June 8.
	bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/s/sc/scharnhorst.html (520 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Gneisenau class battlecruiser
		The Gneisenau-class battlecruisers were large heavy gun warships of World War II vintage of the German navy, or Kriegsmarine.
		Unlike the Bismarck class where the Bismarck had been sunk before the Tirpitz was ready, both Gneisenau-class vessels saw combat action together for much of their careers.
		The Royal Navy refers to them as "battlecruisers" http://www.royal-navy.mod.uk/static/pages/3542.html, as do most references which use Royal Navy sources, because they traded extra guns for their 32 to 33 knot (60 km/h) speed and extended range to allow for commerce raiding.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Gneisenau_class_battlecruiser (376 words)

	Origins of the Battlecruiser
		Thus, in Imperial Russia, the battlecruiser was from the start conceived of as a ship fit to lie in the line of battle; taking a page from Togo's book, the Russians designed their IZMAIL (or BORODINO) class battlecruisers as a "fast wing" of the battle fleet.
		The parallel N3 class battleships were slower, and armed with 18-inch guns; they were given a much lower priority than the "battlecruisers." The Japanese were likewise designing a parallel series of battleships and battlecruisers, where the only difference between types was slightly thicker armor in the battleships, and slightly higher speed in the battlecruisers.
		These ships, called "battlecruisers" in the west, were more in the nature of "cruiser killers," and, as their Russian designation implies, were never meant to slug it out with real battleships.
	www.gwpda.org /naval/bcs001.htm (3016 words)

	Dreadnought
		Other ships of the class played their part in surface actions against the Germans, but some of the classic surface actions of the War were still carried out by the old Queen Elizabeths from World War I, especially the Warspite.
		Of the earlier class of ships, the France had been lost in 1922, the Courbet and Paris escaped to Britain in 1940, and the Jean Bart, renamed Océan, was scuttled in Toulon in 1942 when the Germans moved to occupy all of France.
		A small class of "light cruisers" like the British ones was also designed, but these ships were finished, during the war, too late to participate in the early battles.
	www.friesian.com /dreadnot.htm (8601 words)

	Heller 1/400 Gniesenau
		Operation "Nordmark" The Gneisenau, the Scharnhorst, the heavy cruiser Admiral Hipper and the destroyers Wolfgang Zenker, Wilhelm Heidkamp and Karl Galster was sent to intercept British convoys between Bergen and England, but no ships was sighted.
		Operation "Juno" The Gneisenau was flagship in the Polar Sea operations together with the Scharnhorst, Admiral Hipper and the destroyers Karl Galster, Hans Lody, Erich Steinbrink and Hermann Schoemann.
		Gneisenau is sighted by the British battleship Rodney which requests identification of the German ship.
	modelingmadness.com /reviews/misc/robertognie.htm (1635 words)

	New Page 1
		The Alaska-class Battlecruisers were the first of that particular type of warship to serve in the United States Navy.
		The beautiful Tiger was an improved Lion class, incorporating enhancements the British gleamed from observing the construction of the Japanese battlecruiser Kongo (which was built in England).
		At the Falkland Islands, the Battlecruisers Invincible and Inflexible used their superior speed and firepower to overtake and pound the slower, lighter armed and armored German cruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau into submission.
	www.modelwarships.com /features/current/alaska_genesis/alaska_mq.htm (953 words)

	DKM Scharnhorst - Wikimedia Commons
		DKM Scharnhorst was a 31,500 tons Gneisenau class battleship (Royal Navy:battlecruiser) of the German Kriegsmarine, named the Prussian general and army reformer Gerhard von Scharnhorst and to commemorate the World War I armored cruiser SMS Scharnhorst.
		Battleship Gneisenau is at left, with Scharnhorst in the left middle distance and heavy cruiser Admiral Hipper in right center.
		View of the Gneisenau's forward two triple 283 mm (11") gun turrets, with forecastle and capstans in the foreground, circa later 1939 or 1940.
	commons.wikimedia.org /wiki/DKM_Scharnhorst (845 words)

	German Battlecruiser Gneisenau (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		While looking at my German battlecruiser Gneisenau site be sure to check out some of the special areas to find even more great German battlecruiser Gneisenau information.
		Gneisenau was a 31,100 ton Gneisenau class battlecruiser[1] of the German Kriegsmarine.
		â‘ The battlecruiser classification came from the Royal Navy, the German Kriegsmarine classification was battleship.
	family-insurance.adsenselabs.com /P-1000/German_battlecruiser_Gneisenau (965 words)

	Warship Pictures
		The German battleship Gneisenau as she would have looked after being re-armed with six 15 inch main battery guns in three twin turrets (drawing from "Von der Emden zur Tirpitz" Bernard and Graefe Verlag, Bonn).
		Note the eight (rather than ten in all other ships of the class) twin 5"/38 secondary mounts, due to the space required to fufill her roll as a fleet flagship (Official U.S. Navy photograph).
		The "pocket battlecruiser" RM Admiral Graf Spee (photograph from "Von der Emden zur Tirpitz", Bernard and Graefe Verlag, Bonn).
	www.chuckhawks.com /warship_pictures.htm (779 words)

	The History of Naval Design
		Fisher was also responsible for the development of the battlecruiser: a concept which evolved from the armoured cruiser of the 1890s: battleships of the time were slow, and could not fire their large guns with great frequency or accuracy.
		Thin deck armour was far too vulnerable to plunging long-range shells, and British ships had also deliberately sacrificed the elaborate protection of their magazines, so as to speed up the supply of shells to the guns.
		The battlecruisers Invincible, Queen Mary and Indefatigable would pay for this at Jutland (1916) with the loss of over 3000 lives, as would HMS Hood in 1941 with the loss of 1500.
	www.gwpda.org /naval/scnavdes.htm (3697 words)

	Ship Modelers Association - Famous Ships
		She was a Scharnhorst-class battlecruiser with a length of 770.5 feet, breadth of 98.4 feet and a depth of 32.5 feet.
		The Anglo-German Naval Agreement of 1935 raised the maximum tonnage, and SCHARNHORST and her sister ship GNEISENAU were laid down the same year with a nominal displacement of 26,000 tons.
		She was commissioned two months before the German invasion of Poland, SCHARNHORST’S first war cruise into the North Atlantic, with GNEISENAU, resulted in the sinking of the armed merchant cruiser ROWALPINDI on November 23, 1939, southeast of Iceland.
	www.ship-modelers-assn.org /fam0504.htm (966 words)

	WW2Ships.com: Dunkerque Class Battlecruiser (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		There were some minor shortcomings, however: the action at Mers el Kébir confirmed their vulnerability to battleship-calibre guns (although it confirmed the wisdom of the armoured bulkhead dividing the turret halves), and the loading arrangement of the secondary armament was not a success.
		Nevertheless, many of the design concepts were brought forward in to later classes of French battleships, and they influenced the design of both the British and the Italian ships of the time.
		The Dunkerque was based in Brest when Germany invaded Poland, and her first task was to cover the movements of French cruisers from Brest.
	www.ww2ships.com /france/f-cs-001-b.shtml (1510 words)

	Revell 1:1200 Gneisenau German Battlecruiser (Miniships) (06817) \| Antics Online
		In the design of this class absolute priority was given to stability.
		In 1939/40 she ventured forth to the north of the North Sea and sank the British auxiliary cruiser Rawalpindi.
		On 26th and 27th Feb 1942 the Gneisenau was bombed in Keil, taken out of service, moved to Gotenhafen and on 28.03.1945 she was sunk.
	www.shipmodels.co.uk /1344_1_1065465.html (234 words)

	USS Alaska Vs. Scharnhorst [Archive] - SpaceBattles.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Japanese realized the PoW was mortally wounded and turned their attention to the battlecruiser Repulse hitting her with a torpedo, and then another which sent her into a nasty port list, and then finally three more in rapid succession which literally tore her apart.
		The German battlecruisers on the other hand were very different beast – more lightly armed with 11” and 12” guns, slower with most around 25 kts, and well protected.
		In a battlecruiser on battleship fight, the cruiser generally does a respectable amount of damage to the battleship unless it takes critical hits early, in which case it gets stomped on.
	kier.3dfrontier.com /forums/archive/index.php/t-58611.html (6442 words)

	German Battlecruiser Scharnhorst (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		We have compiled many new German battlecruiser Scharnhorst resources to help you find the German battlecruiser Scharnhorst your looking for.
		While looking at my German battlecruiser Scharnhorst site be sure to check out some of the special areas to find even more great German battlecruiser Scharnhorst information.
		Scharnhorst was a 31,500 tonne Gneisenau class battlecruiser[1] of the German Kriegsmarine, named after the Prussian general and army reformer Gerhard von Scharnhorst and to commemorate the World War I armoured cruiser SMS Scharnhorst.
	albion.blogmobs.com /German_battlecruiser_Scharnhorst (1560 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		It revealed several class three and class one bases three quarters of a light second from the warp point.
		Also interesting was the presence of ships sitting five and a quarter light seconds from the warp point along with several more class three bases and the larger, now classified class four, bases.
		We've lost all the class one bases and the Krupp 04 and one of the Konig II's have suffered damage to their passive defenses." "Sir," injected Major Herenberg, "this is stupendous!
	www.corbynova.com /ftp/Stories/Schwerin.txt (2721 words)

	gallery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The USS Guam was the second and last Alaska class battlecruiser to be commissioned.
		These ships, bearing a marked resemblance to the German Scharnhorst and Gneisenau battleships, were laid down to counter a threat from Japanese commerce-raiding cruisers that never actually materialized.
		Big (over 800' long), requiring large crews, and therefore expensive to operate, they were laid up shortly after the war and scrapped in the early 1960s.
	www.modelshipgallery.com /gallery/ca/cb-02/1200-ph/ph-main.html (165 words)

	Repulse Class
		Battlecruiser website dedicated to the history of HMS Repulse and HMS Renown from their launch to their participation in major wars also notice board for families of ex-crew of HMS Repulse and HMS Renown.
		She saw action in the First World war on the 17 November 1917 at Heligoland Bight (a sortie by British battlecruisers.).
		During September 1939 she served in the north sea and during October 1939 took part in the search for the German surface raiders Admiral Graf Spee and Deutschland.
	www.battleships-cruisers.co.uk /repulse_class.htm (635 words)

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