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Topic: Gorani (Kurds)

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	Related Articles on Kurdish Language
		In itself, speaking Kurmanci, Sorani, Gorani, or Zaza (or none of these, as is the case with many Kurds in Turkey) is not a knockdown argument in establishing one's main ethnic identity; it is the significance that the language spoken carries for the speakers which counts (cf Fishman 1977).
		One is the apparent asymmetry in the extent of the presumed substratal influence of Zaza and Gorani.
		A second, southward expansion of the Kurds then 'led to their overrunning and gradually absorbing all but the surviving Goran'.(2) This view, of the Goran/Zaza as the 'pre-Kurdish inhabitants' of the region being pushed aside or subjugated by invading waves of Kurdish immigrants is pretty much the standard one.
	www.kurdishacademy.org /english/articles/articles-006.html (7953 words)

	Kurdish people - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The present-day home of the Kurds, the high mountain region south and south-east of Lake Van between Persia and Mesopotamia, was in the possession of Kurds before the time of the ancient Greek historian Xenophon, and was known as the country of the Carduchi, Cardyene or Cordyene.
		Kurds led by Mustafa Barzani were engaged in heavy fighting against successive Iraqi regimes from 1960 to 1975.
		The Kurds in the Ottoman Hungary by Zurab Aloian
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Kurds (4348 words)

	Kurdish people - Article about Kurdish people
		A Kurdish kingdom named Corduene, situated to the east of Tigranocerta (east and south of present-day Diyarbakir, Turkey) became a province of the Roman Empire in 66 BCE and was under Roman control for four centuries until 384 CE.
		According to the CIA Factbook, Kurds comprise 20% of the population in Turkey, 15-20% in Iraq, perhaps 8% in Syria, 7% in Iran and 1.3% in Armenia.
		Upon the disintegration of Soviet Union, Kurds in Armenia were stripped of their cultural privileges, and most of them fled to Russia or Western Europe (p.22).
	yawiki.org /proc/Kurds (3589 words)

	Kurdish History
		The Kurds have their own language, Kurdish, which is a member of the Indo-European family of languages; like Persian, Afghan and Beluchi, it is one of the Iranian languages but is unrelated to the Arabic and Turkish languages.
		But when the Kurds were converted in 637, that is during the reign of the second Caliph of Islam, Caliph 'Umar, and then most of the Kurds became Muslims.
		There was a war for four years with the Kurds, and it was not easy to convert the Kurds, so the Arab Muslims tried very hard and after four years of war with the Kurds, then the Kurds surrendered and they generally became Sunni Muslims.
	friendpages.com /p/pages/cover.cgi?pageid=kurdhistory (867 words)

	Gorani Poetry International Journal of Kurdish Studies - Find Articles
		The point is that Gorani speakers in general, and people speaking in some of the Gorani subdialects, ie Hewramy and Laki, consider themselves as being Kurds.
		The question of relations between Gorani and Farsi [Persian] raised quite recently in the Nineteenth century were done so purely by Europeans: missionaries, travelers and a few academics such as Charles Rieu, who compiled the Catalogue of Farsi Manuscripts in the British Library, followed by some others such as D. Mackenzie.
		As a result, they considered the common points between Gorani and Farsi [Persian], which are certainly there, but they never looked at the other side of the coin of which they had little, or sometimes no knowledge: the relation of the Gorani dialect to Kurdish language.
	findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0SBL/is_1-2_19/ai_n15340010 (712 words)

	Kurdish people information - Search.com
		Kurds speak the mostly mutually-intelligible dialects of the Kurdish language, an Indo-European language of the Iranian branch.
		The present-day home of the Kurds, the high mountain region south and south-east of Lake Van between Persia and Mesopotamia, was in the possession of Kurds before the time of Xenophon, and was known as the country of the "Carduchi", "Cardyene" or "Cordyene".
		According to the CIA Factbook, Kurds comprise 20% of the population in Turkey, 15-20% in Iraq, 9% in Syria, 7% in Iran and 1.3% in Armenia.
	www.search.com /reference/Kurd (3887 words)

	Kurds (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Although Kurds have inhabited the highlands of their present home for several millennia, their prehistory is poorly known due to lack of a comprehensive study.
		In the seventh century, the Arabs possessed the castles and fortifications of the Kurds.
		In the seventeenth century, a large number of Kurds were deported by Shah Abbas I to Khorasan in Eastern Iran and forcibly resettled in the cities of Quchan and Birjand.
	www.radiofreeithaca.net /search/Kurds (4699 words)

	Gorani Poetry.(Poem) - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The point is that Gorani speakers in general, and people speaking in some of the Gorani subdialects, ie Hewramy and Laki, consider themselves as being Kurds.
		The question of relations between Gorani and Farsi [Persian] raised quite recently in the Nineteenth century were done so purely by Europeans: missionaries, travelers and a few academics such as Charles Rieu, who compiled the Catalogue of Farsi Manuscripts in the British Library, followed by some others such as D. Mackenzie.
		As a result, they considered the common points between Gorani and Farsi [Persian], which are certainly there, but they never looked at the other side of the coin of which they had little, or sometimes no knowledge: the relation of the Gorani dialect to Kurdish language.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1G1-135732889.html (3104 words)

	Gorani at AllExperts
		* Gorani (Kurds), (also known as Hawrami), a small group of Kurds and their dialect of the Kurdish language in Iran and Iraq.
		* Gorani, Laconia, a village in the prefecture of Laconia, Greece.
		* Gorani, Croatia, a village near Ravna gora, Croatia.
	en.allexperts.com /e/g/go/gorani.htm (132 words)

	Kurds
		Kurds have played a significant role in the history of this region since its early epochs.
		Article 39 of the Treaty of Lausanne, according to which the citizens of Turkey have the right to freely use their respective languages in all areas of life, was trampled upon, and the Kurdish language was totally forbidden in the educational system and the printed media.
		The Kurds living within the borders of Iraq, or southern Kurdistan, have also been resisting oppression since World War I. They staged uprisings that were led first by Sheik Mahmud Barzenci (1919-1923), then by Sheik Ahmed Barzani and his brother Mustafa Barzani (1933 and later).
	members.aol.com /KHilfsvere/Kurds.html (4618 words)

	The Kurdish People: an Analysis by language, geography, religion and ethnicity
		The respective speech forms classified by SIL as dialects of the various languages, however, remain mutually intelligible among themselves, while the broader languages are characterized as not mutually intelligible.
		The Kurds are known for their resistance against ethnic, military and political oppression, desiring their own separate Kurdish political entity.
		There is a greater unity of identity now after the Anfal (Iraqi government campaigns against the Kurds 1987-89) and other recent persecutions, exercised against some uncommitted or marginal southern groups, who have now declared their identity as Kurds.
	endor.hsutx.edu /~obiwan/articles/kurds.html (2455 words)

	Zaza Language and Culture - The Identity of Hewrami Speakers: Reflections on the Theory and Ideology of Comparative ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		This is Minorsky´s hypothesis of a Gorani and Zaza migration from the Caspian regions of Gilan to Kurdistan (MacKenzie 1989; 1961a:86).
		At present, the Gorani speakers think of themselves as Kurds, even though they are aware of speaking dialects which are not mutually comprehensible with Kurmanci or Sorani...(emphasis added).
		The lines are carefully drawn here; as a result, a much more complex picture of the situation is provided by stating the limitations of the method, the genealogical claims of native speakers, and at least one element in the subjectivity of the linguist (reluctant preference for a potentially inappropriate label).
	www21.brinkster.com /miyaheqi/culture/Article.asp?ArticleID=374&TypeID=&LanguageID=3&Rnd=885 (5158 words)

	Kurdish Media - Art & Culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		With Kurds the opportunities relate to the globalisation of their issue, the unification of their homeland Kurdistan, and the standardisation of Kurdish language.
		The unification of diaspora Kurds, therefore, would be equivalent to the unification of a miniature Kurdistan, and would provide a test-case for the ultimate unification.
		Currently, the unified language of this debate for all Kurds is English and for Kurds from North [Turkey] is Turkish.
	www.kurdmedia.com /ac.asp?id=10438 (1811 words)

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