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Gorsedd of Bards

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	Gorsedd - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gorsedd Beirdd Ynys Prydain was founded in 1792 by Edward Williams, often known as Iolo Morganwg, who also invented much of its ritual, supposedly based on the activities of the ancient Druids (although much of its modern ritual also has Christian influence).
		The head of a gorsedd is known as an archdruid, and often wears a purple robe.
		In the Welsh gorsedd, a person may become an ovate or a bard by passing an examination in the Welsh language.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gorsedd (312 words)

	The Druid Network - The Stones and the Chair (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Gorsedd ceremonies were, according to Iolo’s alleged ancient tradition to be held at specific times of the year, namely the four solar festivals to which he attributed the title “Alban” signifying “high point of the year”.
		The Gorsedd was not to prosper and eventually died with Cowlyd in 1904.
		The ceremonies of the Eisteddfod as led by the Gorsedd are beautiful and touching, and somehow portray an antiquity to the organisation and its function, however illusionary that antiquity is, it is none the less deeply inspiring and promotes and protects the Welsh language and its use and celebration.
	www.druidnetwork.org /wwwroot/articles/meiniachadair.html (4627 words)

	GENUKI : Flintshire, Gorsedd, St. Paul
		The new parish of Gorsedd was created on 19 August 1853, from part of the township of Gellilyfdy (formerly in the parish of Ysceifiog), and part of the township of Mertyn Uwch Glan (formerly in the parish of Whitford).
		The new parish of Gorsedd was assigned to the No. 1 ("Whitford") sub-district of the Holywell Registration District, which was co-extensive with the Holywell poor law Union.
		In 1831- Gorsedd was not a separate parish.
	www.genuki.org.uk:8080 /big/wal/FLN/Gorsedd (377 words)

	British Druid Order: The Gorsedd of Bards of the Isles of Britain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The term gorsedd (literally 'high seat') originally referred to prehistoric sacred mounds, often with single trees growing on them, which were places of assembly for festival celebration, law-giving, and the inauguration of kings.
		On 1st September, 1900, a Gorsedd of Bards on the lines laid down by Iolo was established in Brittany and on 21st September, 1928, a similar institution was founded in Cornwall.
		The importance of the Gorsedd is not only that it brings together those of different spiritual traditions, but also that it offers the opportunity for many pagans to celebrate their faith openly and in public, making the old traditions significantly more accessible.
	www.druidorder.demon.co.uk /gorsedd_bards.htm (1721 words)

	Gorsedd -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		A gorsedd ((Click link for more info and facts about IPA) IPA), occasionally spelled gorseth, plural gorseddau, is a community of (An ornamental caparison for a horse) bards.
		When the term is used without qualification, it usually means the national gorsedd of (One of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; during Roman times the region was known as Cambria) Wales, Gorsedd Beirdd Ynys Prydain (Welsh: "the Gorsedd of Bards of the Island of Britain").
		In the Welsh gorsedd, a person may become an ovate or a bard by passing an (The act of examining something closely (as for mistakes)) examination in the (Click link for more info and facts about Welsh language) Welsh language.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/g/go/gorsedd.htm (418 words)

	Gorsedd (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Regalia are used during the ceremonies of the gorsedd, and these were once strictly limited to a crown and a plastron for the Grand Bard.
		All the gorsedd regalia are made of copper and carry boldly executed Celtic designs on a background of Celtic knotwork, with prominance being the symbol of the gorsedd, the awen, which comprises three diverging lines introduced by Edward Williams as a representation of the name of God.
		The proceedings begin with the sounding of the horn Corn Gwlas as a symbolic call to the four points of the compass, this is followed by the fine prayer composed by W.S Gwynn Williams at Llangollen in 1924.
	homepages.tesco.net /~k.wasley/Gorsedd.htm (629 words)

	National Eisteddfod of Wales Accommodation
		The Gorsedd of Bards is an association whose members consist of poets, writers, musicians, artists and individuals who have made a distinguished contribution to the Welsh nation, language and culture (e.g.
		The head of the Gorsedd of Bards is the Archdruid, who is elected for a term of three years, and is responsible for conducting the Gorsedd ceremonies during Eisteddfod week.
		Then, all the officials and members of the Gorsedd, or circle of Driuds, assemble on the platform for the announcement of the result of one of the principal competitions of the year.
	www.walescottages.com /eisteddfod.htm (1495 words)

	Celtiagh Spioradail Eachdraidh : The Eisteddfod (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Invocation to Peace, the Gorsedd, the chairing and crowning of the poets, the Druids, the Sceptre, Sword, Crown and Horn of Plenty were all inventions of Morgannwg.
		The Gorsedd y Beirdd is an association of poets, writers, musicians and artists who have made a significant and distinguished contribution to Welsh language, literature, and culture.
		The ceremonies of the Gorsedd y Beirdd and held 'under the sun, the eye of light.' The 'Corn Gwlad' (a trumpet) calls the people together from the Four Corners of the land before chanting the Gorsedd Prayer.
	www.angelfire.com /wizard/owenaprhys/eisteddfod.html (522 words)

	Gorsedd (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		On the outside of the eastern portion of the circle three more stones are placed, in such a position as regards the Gorsedd stone that lines drawn from it to them will indicate the rising of the sun at the summer and winter solstices and the vernal and autumnal equinoxes respectively.
		The first are dressed in blue, to indicate their celestial aspirations, the second in white, as a symbol of great purity, the third in green, to represent the grass of the field, which is typical of growth and progress.
		On arriving at the circle, a prayer, said to have been composed thirteen hundred years ago, is recited, and then the Gorsedd is declared to be opened, and the business of conferring degrees on the bards and ovates is proceeded with.
	www.sacredspiral.com /Database/monoliths/gorsedd.html (262 words)

	The Gorsedd - The Bardic ceremony of Cornwall (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Gorsedd - The Bardic ceremony of Cornwall
		The three principal Gorsedds of Britain were at Caerleon and Caer Caradog in Wales and Boscawen Un in Cornwall.
		The Welsh Gorsedd have three bardic classes of Druids, Bards and Ovates and wear robes of white, blue or green accordingly.
	www.nortonmede.com /Gorsedd/page1.htm (326 words)

	Wales - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Thus, Saint David went on a pilgrimage to Rome during the 6th century, and was serving as a bishop in Wales well before Augustine arrived to convert the king of Kent and founded the diocese of Canterbury.
		Although the Druidic religion is alleged to have had its stronghold in Wales until the Roman invasion, many of the so-called traditions, such as the gorsedd, or assembly of bards, were the invention of eighteenth-century "historians".
		The traditional women's Welsh costume, incorporating a tall fl hat, was devised in the nineteenth century by Lady Llanover, herself a prominent patron of the Welsh language and culture.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /wales.htm (1599 words)

	Druidic Ceremonies at National Eisteddfod, Wales
		The Gorsedd of Bards, headed by an elected Archdruid is in fact an association of distinguished poets, writers, musicians, artists and honoured individuals who have made a notable contribution to the Welsh nation's, language and culture.
		The Gorsedd first made its appearance in its native Wales at the annual Carmarthen Eisteddfod in 1819 and has been associated with the country's National Eisteddfod since its modern inception in the mid 19th century.
		The Gorsedd's cultural activities are a far remove from the religious rituals and festivals of today's pagan Order of Bards Oblates and Druids, though their attitude to peaceful coexistence and earth conservation run parallel.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/food_travel_UK/94180 (723 words)

	icWales - Williams rejects Gorsedd pagan fears
		The Rev Gregory Cameron said, "The Gorsedd is not full-blooded paganism: it is an institution making an appeal to the natural universe, to what Wordsworth described as the power of nature.
		Iolo demanded that the Gorsedd Circle should be aligned on the points of sunrise, and that the Gorsedd's symbol should be the three-pointed "mystic mark" which indicates those alignments.
		Gorsedd Recorder James Nicholas said he would not count aligning the stones on the sun as evidence of paganism.
	icwales.icnetwork.co.uk /0100news/0200wales/page.cfm?objectid=11984768&method=full&siteid=50082 (370 words)

	Barddas - Part One
		These Gorsedds act severally; that is to say, the Gorsedd of federate support makes a law, where an occasion requires, and confirms it in a country and federate country; and that is not allowed to a country distinct from a federate country.
		The third Gorsedd, or that of federate support, in its original and determinate purpose, is to effect what may be necessary as to any thing new, and as to the improveneent of the laws of a country and federate country, by a federate jury of chiefs of kindreds, wise men, and sovereign ruler.
		The Gorsedd was a sort of national temple, to which the majority of perons within the province resorted at the appointed times in order to worship God, and to recieve instruction.
	www.tylwythteg.com /Barddas/barddas.html (12882 words)

	Fantasy Gathering's Gorsedd Darksinger (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Was rescued from his family's slaughter by a servant, who was killed as he tried to escape in a boat (the castle was positioned between the beach and swamplands).
		Gorsedd and Osric got separated and gorsedd was found by a wandering monk, who took him to the monastery, which is where Gorsedd remained until he was adopted by an elderly enchanter, who raised him as his own son.
		After the enchanter passed away, Gorsedd, who was thirteen, took to following a bard around and eventually became a bard himself.
	fantasy.realmofeidolon.com /profiles/fantasygorsedd.html (273 words)

	Press Release - Datganiad i'r Wasg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Most Rev Dr Rowan Williams, Archbishop of Wales, was today (Monday, 5th August 2002) honoured by being admitted to "Gorsedd y Beirdd" at the National Eisteddfod currently being held at St Davids in Pembrokeshire.
		The Gorsedd hold ceremonies on three days during Eisteddfod week and admission to the Gorsedd is a great honour in Wales.
		The National Eisteddfod and the Gorsedd are an important and integral part of Wales' national life and admission to the Gorsedd is one of the greatest honours which Wales can bestow on her citizens.
	www.churchinwales.org.uk /press/0131e.html (298 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| Special reports \| Archbishop becomes honorary white druid
		He said yesterday that the suggestion that the honour was linked to paganism was offensive, and described the award as "one of the greatest honours which Wales can bestow on her citizens".
		The Gorsedd is made up of Welsh-speaking poets, writers, musicians, artists and others who have made a distinguished contribution to Welsh language and culture.
		But Plaid Cymru parliamentary leader Elfyn Llwyd, and member of the Gorsedd, said the ceremony was a "quaint induction" and the group was merely a "vehicle" for developing the Welsh language and culture.
	www.guardian.co.uk /religion/Story/0,2763,769559,00.html (730 words)

	Real Cardiff - Gorsedd Gardens
		Here are statues of Lloyd George, high on his plinth, dripping green as his copper degenerates and John Cory - Coal owner and Philanthropist - silently facing the bushes and the bustle of traffic rolling, along Boulevard de Nantes, in from the west.
		Gorsedd Gardens, established when the new City Hall was opened in 1905 and Cardiff declared a city, has as its focus the sandstone blocks of a druidic circle.
		The central alter stones, in use as a site for drunken prancing right up until the eighties, are now gone but the ring of red, raggedy sentinels, marked with drill holes from their erection and, flaky as the rocks of the Heritage Coast, still stand.
	www.peterfinch.co.uk /gorsedd.htm (603 words)

	The editor of the Western Morning News supplement: Regional Journalism in the UK on the Internet. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Gorsedd is a gathering of druids and the bards are Cornish poets.
		Simon, a prolific journalist, author, playwright, poet and songwriter, is one of 16 new bards to be welcomed into the Gorsedd by Grand Bard John Bolitho in Launceston on next month.
		At the ceremony each new bard is presented in turn to the grand bard, who welcomes him or her to membership of the gorsedd and bestows a bardic name upon him or her.
	www.holdthefrontpage.co.uk /news/2003/08aug/030819bard.shtml (291 words)

	Fibreglass Stone Circles for Eisteddfod
		The traditional Gorsedd circle, made of huge granite stones, is to be replaced with plastic or fibreglass ones in the National Eisteddfod — the highlight of the Welsh cultural year.
		The circle was used for picturesque ceremonies staged by the Gorsedd, the gathering of Welsh bards, and is one of many left in the Welsh landscape as the Eisteddfod migrates between northern and southern settings in alternate years.
		The Gorsedd stones are usually placed in a field or park, sometimes miles away from the Eisteddfod field where many thousands who attend the eisteddfod don't see the ceremonies.
	www.netcomposites.com /news.asp?2313 (453 words)

	British Mysteries - Gorsedd Bran
		Gorsedd Bran (‘Throne of Bran’) is a hill in Denbighshire, which may have a place-name connection with Bran, although of course it may be named after the ravens which are still to be seen there.
		The general area is rich in archaeological sites (Llyn Brenig is just to the south, and seemed to be a centre for a Bronze age community).
		There are a series of Bronze Age burial mounds on Gorsedd Bran, adjacent to the modern forestry plantation on the eastern side of the area, visible from the lower ground towards Bylchau to the north.
	www.ynysprydein.org /places/gorseddbran.htm (96 words)

	Steve Quayle News Alerts
		Although organisers insist the Gorsedd’s pagan roots are long behind it, contributors to discussion forums on the Church in Wales website have already suggested it is “nearer to Shintoism than Christianity”;.
		The Gorsedd of Bards takes its name from the high seat, which in prehistoric times referred to the mounds on which the sacred kings were wedded to the female spirit of the land.
		The Gorsedd of Bards has been closely associated with the National Eisteddfod since it was founded in 1860 and the three ceremonies — the crowning of the best free verse poet and the awards for prose and strict metre poetry —; attract thousands with their pageantry and Celtic lore.
	stevequayle.com /News.alert/Road_To_Hell/020719.archbishop.pagan.html (850 words)

	Anglican Communion News Service
		"The Gorsedd's ceremonies are entirely Christian in tone, Christian hymns are sung and the prayers are made to God.
		A great many of those accorded the Gorsedd's bardic honours over the years have been Christian ministers of religion from various denominations and the higher echelons of the Gorsedd are full of Ministers of Religion.
		The Gorsedd of Bards is an association whose members consist of poets, writers, musicians, artists and individuals who have made a distinguished contribution to the Welsh nation, language and culture.
	www.anglicancommunion.org /acns/articles/30/75/acns3085.html (329 words)

	The Gorsedd of Bards of Caer Pugetia
		As this Gorsedd is open to followers of all spiritual paths and so representatives of different faiths are invited to call the quarters, each in their own way.
		Within the Gorsedd Circle is the circle of our children, blessed by the Gods, blessed by our Mother Earth and by the elements of earth, water, fire and air.
		After the gorsedd is over, the Goddess Guardian will take the bowl and throw the stone and the water into the sea, or cleanse it and release it into the wild.
	tazland.741.com (4433 words)

	Harps and Trumpets Welcome New Druid
		The Gorsedd of Bards takes its name from the high seat, which was the mount on which the sacred kings were wedded to the female spirit of the land in ancient times.
		The three-shafted Gorsedd emblem is based on the effect of the sun at different seasons of the year, showing God as creator, sustainer and destroyer.
		One of the main functions of the Gorsedd is to honour those who have been awarded prizes in poetry, music and other arts competitions at the end of the Eisteddfod each year.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/news/729151/posts (2703 words)

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