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	State Political Directorate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Formed from the Cheka on February 6, 1922, it was initially known under the Russian abbreviation GPU for Gosudarstvennoye Politicheskoye Upravlenie of NKVD of the RSFSR (Государственное Политическое Управление НКВД РСФСР).
		Thus, on November 15, 1923, the GPU was transformed into Joint State Political Directorate - Ob'edinennoe Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie under SNK of the USSR (Объединённое государственное политическое управление при СНК СССР), or OGPU (ОГПУ), also translated as All-Union State Political Administration.
		GPU agents contacted emigrés in western Europe and pretended to be representatives of a large group working for the overthrow of the communist regime, known as the "Trust".
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gosudarstvennoe_Politicheskoe_Upravlenie (298 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: GPU
		Soviet poster of the 1920s: The GPU strikes on the head the counter-revolutionary saboteur State Political Administration was the secret police of the RSFSR and USSR until 1934.
		The most common form of GPU is a small vehicle or trailer with a diesel generator although units fueled with gasoline are not unknown.
		GPU Gems is a compilation of articles covering practical real-time graphics techniques arising from the research and practice of cutting-edge developers.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/GPU (864 words)

	Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		GPU stood for either Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie State Political Directorate or Glavnoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie Main Political Directorate.
		The GPU was formed from the Cheka in 1922.
		The organization and responsibility of the GPU similar to Nazi Germany 's Gestapo.
	www.freeglossary.com /Gosudarstvennoe_Politicheskoe_Upravlenie (118 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie
		GPU is an initialism An initialism is an abbreviation formed by using the first letters, or initials, of a series of words, for example "BBC", or "IBM".
		Modern GPUs are very efficient at manipulating and displaying computer graphics.
		Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie GPU stood for either Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie, State Political Directorate, or Glavnoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie, Main Political Directorate.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Gosudarstvennoe-Politicheskoe-Upravlenie (433 words)

	Gosudarstvennoe politicheskoe upravlenie - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Start the Gosudarstvennoe politicheskoe upravlenie article or add a request for it.
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	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/gosudarstvennoe_politicheskoe_upravlenie (188 words)

	GPU dgun.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The most common form uf GPU is a small vehicule or trailer with a diesel generator.
		A Graphics Processing Unit or GPU (also occasionally called Visual Processing Unit or VPU) is the microprocessor of a graphics card (or graphics accelerator) for a personal computer or game console.
		Modern GPUs are descended from the monolithic graphics chips of the late 1970s and 1980s.
	www.dgun.org /en/GPU (12166 words)

	Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie - TheBestLinks.com - Cheka, Gestapo, KGB, Nazi Germany, ...
		Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie - TheBestLinks.com - Cheka, Gestapo, KGB, Nazi Germany,...
		Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie, Cheka, Gestapo, KGB, Nazi Germany...
		The organization and responsibility of the GPU was similar to Nazi Germany's Gestapo.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Gosudarstvennoe_Politicheskoe_Upravlenie.html (151 words)

	Александр II - Aleksandr II
		Gosudarstvennye finansy byli v jeto vremja v chrezvychajno neumelyx rukax; gosudarstvennoe xozjajstvo velos' v arxaicheskix formax, vozrastavshie iz goda v god deficity pokryvalis' novymi vypuskami assignacij i pozaimstvovanijami iz naxodivshixsja v rukax kazny kreditnyx ustanovlenij.
		Pod pokrovom reakcii i bezglasnosti v jetoj sfere razvivalis' vsevozmozhnye zloupotreblenija - azhiotazh i grjunderstvo; v poslednem v jeto temnoe vremja prinimali uchastie dazhe nekotorye zemstva.
		Politicheskoe vozbuzhdenie bylo sovershenno zaglusheno i podavleno; na smenu emu v srede russkogo obshhestva stali razvivat'sja sovershenno inye strasti i vkusy.
	www.mirimen.com /co_beo/Aleksandr-II-242.html (7859 words)

	Soviet Predecessor Organizations, 1917-54 - Russia / Soviet Intelligence Agencies
		Lenin himself spoke of the need for a reform of the political police, and in early 1922 the Vecheka was abolished and its functions transferred to the State Political Directorate (Gosudarstvennoe politicheskoe upravlenie--GPU).
		When the Soviet Union was formed in December 1922, the GPU was raised to the level of a federal agency, designated the Unified State Political Directorate (Ob''edinennoe gosudarstvennoe politicheskoe upravlenie--OGPU), and attached to the Council of People's Commissars.
		The OGPU was drawn into the intraparty struggles that ensued between Stalin and his opponents and was also enlisted in the drive to collectivize the peasantry by force, beginning in late 1929, an operation that resulted in the death of upwards of 5 million people.
	www.fas.org /irp/world/russia/intro/su0510.htm (1124 words)

	GPU (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		It is hard to tell whether Kurt's inclinations are true, as we don't yet know the GPU or memory speeds of the iMac's X1600.
		New NV44-based GPU gives another chance to GeForce 6200 with...DigiTimes, Taiwan - Aug 31, 2006Graphics cards featuring Nvidia's new GeForce 7100 GS graphics processor unit (GPU), which was recently added to the company's entry-level product lineup, will...
		I would think if i had fried my gpu it would not work at all and i would be forced to use onboard, i am not, im still useing my graphics card and is working...
	www.33beat.com /GPU.html (285 words)

	Igor' Kondrashin - Kakoi dolzhna byt' vlast'? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		V-tret'ih, v teh sluchayah, kogda politicheskoe rukovodstvo trebuet mnogih pravitelei, iskusstvo shelkopryadeniya pomozhet "smeshivat' ih mezhdu soboi v ravnyh kolichestvah, ved' v vysshei stepeni myagkomu, spravedlivomu i spasitel'nomu nravu blagorazumnyh pravitelei nedostaet rezkosti, svoego roda ostroi i deistvennoi derznovennosti".
		I on daet takoe gosudarstvennoe ustroistvo, kotoroe mozhet byt' i ideal'noe ottogo, chto "ideal'no" spasaet gosudarstvo ot grozyashei permanentnoi ugrozy.
		Poetomu sam politicheskii rezhim, gosudarstvennoe ustroistvo dolzhny byt' takimi, pri kotoryh politicheskie sposobnosti mogli by proyavit'sya v polnoi mere i te, kto deistvitel'no k tomu sposoben, prodvigalis' by k vershine pravleniya i zanimali by tam podobayushee mesto.
	www.user.cityline.ru:8084 /~linko/rus/intros/kond/elite.htm (5701 words)

	B.YAkovlev, A.Burcov. Koncentracionnye lageri SSSR (otryvki) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Upravlenie lagerem (lagernoj gruppoj) Sleduyushchej nizshej stupen'yu posle GULAGa yavlyaetsya upravlenie lagerem (lagernoj gruppoj).
		Takim obrazom, upravlenie lagerem (lagernoj gruppoj) yavlyaetsya kak by kombinatom, ohvatyvayushchim opredelennuyu, inogda ochen' bol'shuyu territoriyu i rukovodyashchim na nej razlichnymi vidami hozyajstva (razrabotka prirodnyh bogatstv, strojki, promyshlennost' i pr.) ili vedushchim odno osoboe i bol'shoe proizvodstvo.
		Upravlenie lagerem (lagernoj gruppoj) imeet otdely, sootvetstvuyushchie otdelam GULAGa; nekotorye otdely, sushchestvuyushchie v GULAGe mogut otsutstvovat' v sisteme upravleniya: naprimer, v upravlenii, ob®edinyayushchem sistemu lagerej, zanimayushchihsya razrabotkoj lesov, budet otsutstvovat' gornopromyshlennyj otdel i t.
	moshkow.perm.ru /lat/POLITOLOG/lageri.txt (14336 words)

	Александр I - Aleksandr I
		Neoficial'nyj komitet, vvodja ministerskoe upravlenie, nesomnenno byl proniknut nedoveriem k ministram; zhelaja unichtozhit' chastnye besedy ministrov s gosudarem i tem lishit' ix vozmozhnosti lichnogo vlijanija na gosudarja, on ustanavlivaet osobuju formu doklada, doklada sovmestnogo, t.
		Nedostatok 'Plana' tot zhe, chto i v proektax neoficial'nogo komiteta: neobyknovennye razmery zadumannogo preobrazovanija, predpolagajushhego novuju organizaciju soslovij, sovershennoe vidoizmenenie krepostnogo soslovija, novoe administrativnoe razdelenie Rossii, polnoe pereustrojstvo grazhdanskix i sudebnyx ustanovlenij Imperii i, v zakljuchenie, politicheskuju reformu.
		Provodja v zhizn' edinolichnoe upravlenie v administrativnyx organax, sostavitel' plana imel vvidu ustanovlenie dejstvitel'noj otvetstvennosti ministrov pred gosudarstvennoj dumoj; no tak kak poslednjaja ne byla osushhestvlena, to v rezul'tate poluchilos' lish', s odnoj storony, uluchshenie pravitel'stvennogo mexanizma, s drugoj - eshhe bol'shee protiv 1802 goda razvitie ministerskogo samovlastija.
	www.mirimen.com /co_beo/Aleksandr-I-23E.html (11129 words)

	Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		GPU stood for either Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie, State Political Directorate,or Glavnoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie, Main Political Directorate.
		It later evolved into the NKVD and KGB.
		The organization and responsibility of the GPU was similar to NaziGermany 's Gestapo.
	www.therfcc.org /gosudarstvennoe-politicheskoe-upravlenie-191912.html (95 words)

	Kondrashin I.I. - Grazhdanskaya sut' gosudarstvennosti (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		V lyubom sluchae gosudarstvo est' edinoe politicheskoe celoe, chasti kotorogo neobhodimo soedinyayutsya razumnym ponimaniem soglasiya i poryadka, i gde dobro kak obshee blago dolzhno torzhestvovat' nad zlom, pravda nad lozh'yu, zdravyi smysl, razum nad demagogiei i zabluzhdeniyami, spravedlivost' nad proizvolom.
		Ona realizuetsya v politicheskoi deyatel'nosti kak "vysshee masterstvo" pravleniya, politicheskoe iskusstvo, otrazhayushee dialektiku gosudarstvennogo vozdeistviya na obshestvo i obshestva na gosudarstvo.
		Itak, yasno, chto nailuchshee gosudarstvennoe obshenie - to, kotoroe dostigaetsya posredstvom srednih, i te gosudarstva imeyut horoshii stroi, gde srednie predstavleny v bol'shem kolichestve, gde oni, v luchshem sluchae, sil'nee obeih krainostei ili, po krainei mere, kazhdoi iz nih v otdel'nosti.
	www.user.cityline.ru:8084 /~linko/rus/native.htm (12755 words)

	OGPU is an acronym acronym for Ob edinennoe Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		OGPU is an acronym acronym for Ob edinennoe Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe...
		"OGPU" is an acronym acronym for "Ob'edinennoe Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie" (Combined State Political Directorate, also translated as "All Union State Political Board").
		The OGPU was formed from the GPU GPU in 1923.
	www.biodatabase.de /OGPU (173 words)

	Origins of the Cheka
		The Cheka was officially abolished on February 6, 1922 and immediately replace with a new security organization called the State Political Administration or GRU (Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie).
		Like the Tsarist secret police, the Okhrana, under Nicholas II, the GPU was made a part of the Ministry of the Interior.
		For the next seven decades, this was to remain a pattern of the Soviet Secret Police; the names might change but the duties and powers of this organization in its various incarnations did not.
	iaia.essortment.com /cheka_rvph.htm (834 words)

	ja GPU GPU is an initialism initialism that may refer...
		ja GPU GPU is an initialism initialism that may refer...
		Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie: The name of the political secret police secret police in the USSR USSR in one of the stages of its development.
		GPU Gems: Programming Techniques, Tips, and Tricks for Real-time Graphics
	www.biodatabase.de /GPU (129 words)

	Area Handbook Series/ Soviet Union / Glossary
		The official censorship organ, established in 1922 as the Main Administration for Literary and Publishing Affairs (Glavnoe upravlenie po delam literatury i izdatv--Glavlit).
		Although the formal name of that organization has since been changed to the Main Administration for Safeguarding State Secrets in the Press (Glavnoe upravlenie po okhrane gosudarstvennykh tain v pechati), the acronym Glavlit continued to be used in the late 1980s.
		Covert operations (using nonuniformed agents and informers) were used to uncover and collect evidence against revolutionary groups.
	www.country-data.com /frd/cs/soviet_union/su_glos.html (9333 words)

	GPU : QuicklyFind Info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		GPU is an initialism that may refer to:
		Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie: The name of the political secret police in the USSR in one of the stages of its development.
		Global Processing Unit: A generic name for a distributed computing project.
	www.quicklyfind.com /info/GPU.htm (74 words)

	GPU (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		GPU GeForce 7300 GS Nueva unidad de procesamiento gráfico de Nvidia que incorpora la última tecnología en tratamiento de vídeo.
		GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) ou VPU (Visual Processing Unit): Nome dado ao processador de vídeo quando ele incorpora as funções de iluminação e transformação (lightining and...
		El proceso Zinoviev-Kamenev-Smirrnov, el primer análisis serio y preciso sobre el terror stalinista y los procesos de brujería que organizó la GPU y contra los que sólo se levantaron el POUM en España y pequeñas minorías del movimiento obrero y muy pocos intelectuales de izquierda.
	gpu.es.exsugo.org (682 words)

	Mihail Voslenskij. Nomenklatura (glavy 1,3-5,9) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		"Upravlenie,- otmechaetsya v knige,- v znachitel'noj stepeni eshche ostaetsya osobym vidom professional'noj deyatel'nosti intelligencii, tochnee, odnogo iz ee otryadov.
		Okazalos', chto, dazhe po mneniyu oficial'nyh sovetskih izdanij, v sovetskom obshchestve est' gruppa professional'nyh "upravlyayushchih", osushchestvlyayushchaya "upravlenie", inymi slovami - vlast' vo vseh sferah obshchestvennoj zhizni.
		Nomenklatura osushchestvlyaet v pervuyu ochered' imenno politicheskoe rukovodstvo obshchestvom, a rukovodstvo material'nym proizvodstvom yavlyaetsya dlya nee uzhe vtoroj zadachej.
	moshkow.perm.ru /lat/POLITOLOG/woslenskij.txt (14231 words)

	ja GPU GPU is an initialism that may... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		ja GPU GPU is an initialism that may...
		ja:GPU "GPU" is an initialism that may refer to:
		GPU Gems 2: Programming Techniques for High-Performance Graphics and General-Purpose Computation (Gpu Gems)
	www.geodatabase.de /GPU (114 words)

	GPU (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title.
		If an article link referred you here, you might want to go back and fix it to point directly to the intended page.
		PU GU GP PGU GUP GP GGPU GPPU GPUU GPUs pu gu gp pgu gup gp ggpu gppu gpuu gpus
	gpu.ask.dyndns.dk (137 words)

	Acronym Attic search: What does gpu stand for? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Acronym Attic search: What does gpu stand for?
		33 definitions found for gpu (in 0.063 secs)
		Enter a space after your acronym, then ~word where word is known to be in the meaning.
	www.acronymattic.com /results.aspx?q=gpu (67 words)

	Astronet > Logika Kosmosa (fizika antichnoi Grecii)
		Naoborot, i nravy, i gosudarstvennoe ustroistvo - vse eto ustanovleno po ugovoru mezhdu lyud'mi, a znachit, ne neset na sebe pechat' nezyblemosti, vechnosti, absolyuta.
		V bor'be za politicheskoe gospodstvo vse sredstva horoshi, dazhe persidskie den'gi.
		Filosofskie "vetra" do Platona "duli" v raznyh napravleniyah, v itoge korabl' filosofov metalsya iz storony v storonu, ne prodvigayas' vpered, kak budto i vovse ne bylo vetra.
	www.astronet.ru:8105 /db/msg/1197612 (9346 words)

	GPU definition - Dictionary - MSN Encarta
		Click here to search all of MSN Encarta
		Search for "GPU" in all of MSN Encarta
		[< Russian Gosudarstvennoe politicheskoe upravlenie "State Political Directorate"]
	ca.encarta.msn.com /dictionary_1861675776/GPU.html (66 words)

	Mid-Hudson Library System /Catalog
		Russia 1923 U S S R Komitet Gosudarstvennoi Bezopasnosti -- See Soviet Union.
		Russia 1923 U S S R Obedinennoe Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie -- See Soviet Union.
		Russia 1923 U S S R Verkhovnyi Sovet -- See Soviet Union.
	gigcat.midhudson.org:2082 /search/d?Russia (119 words)

	SAC 1921-1945
		Fundamental institutions of one-party rule now firmly in place: Politbiuro [F/] and Secretariat (led by First Secretary or sometimes General Secretary or "Gensek") the central ruling group within the highest larger "representative" body, the Central Committee.
		GPU [F/] [State Political Control—the centralized state secret police] replaced Cheka [F/]
		1922:OGPU (Ob"edinnenoe gosudarstvennoe* politicheskoe upravlenie; Unified State Political Control—i.e., state police) established
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~kimball/sac.1921.1945.htm (13171 words)

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