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	Gottfried Semper - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gottfried Semper (November 29, 1803 - May 15, 1879) was a German architect, art critic, and professor of architecture, who designed and built the Semper Oper in Dresden between 1838 and 1841.
		Semper fled first to Zürich and later to London.
		Semper wrote extensively about the origins of architecture, especially in his book The Four Elements of Architecture from 1851, and he was one of the major players of the controversial debates surrounding polychrome architecture of ancient Greece.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gottfried_Semper (176 words)

	GOTTFRIED SEMPER - LoveToKnow Article on GOTTFRIED SEMPER
		Semper came to London at the time of the Great Exhibition of 1851, and Prince Albert found him an able ally in carrying out his plans.
		In 1853 Semper left London for Zurich on his appointment as professor of architecture, and with a commission to build in that town the polytechnic school and the hospital.
		In 1892 a bronze statue of Semper, by Johannes Schelling, was unveiled on the Briihlsche Terrasse in Dresden.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /S/SE/SEMPER_GOTTFRIED.htm (873 words)

	Semper Oper - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Semper Oper or Saxon State Opera Dresden (in German, Sempreoper or Sächsische Staatsoper Dresden) is an opera house in Dresden, Germany, and is one of the most famous all over the world.
		It was first built in 1841, by architect Gottfried Semper, in the Early Renaissance style.
		The citizenry demanded that Gottfried Semper do the reconstruction, even though he was in exile at the time because of his activities in the May Uprising in Dresden in 1849.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Semper_Oper (379 words)

	The Architectural Review: Gottfried Semper: Architect of the Nineteenth C... @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Gottfried Semper (1803-79) was regarded in his lifetime as the successor to Schinkel as Germany's greatest architect, although his explosive personality, boozing, duelling, and fornicating often led to difficulties.
		Semper's reputation has suffered from a view that little of artistic value was produced in the period 1830-1900.
		Semper then contributed to the creation of the architecture on Vienna's Ringstrasse in collaboration with Carl von Hasenauer: his works include the two great museums facing the Maria-Theresa-Platz (1872-81) and the Burgtheater (1871-88).
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:18669822&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (454 words)

	COLLEGIUM HELVETICUM - Gottfried Semper (1803-1879)
		Gottfried Semper who was born in Hamburg first appeared in public as an author.
		Semper gave up his professorship in Zurich in 1871 in order to realise the finishes of the «Wiener Hofburg», a project he designed as an expert in 1869.
		Semper only supervised the construction works from afar and he could not participate in the inauguration owing to ill health.
	www.collegium.ethz.ch /semper/gottfried.en.html (406 words)

	campuslife:ETH Life - ETH Zurich's weekly web journal
		Gottfried Semper, first ETH professor of architecture and creator of ETH's main building, was born 200 years ago this month.
		Semper applied and on 7th February 1855 he was confirmed by the Federal Council as the first Professor of Architecture with life tenure.
		The first Semper museum was opened in Zurich within a year of his demise and dedicated memorials were erected in the main hall of the Federal Polytechnikum in 1887 and in the Art Academy Dresden in 1892.
	www.ethlife.ethz.ch /e/articles/campuslife/semper.html (1255 words)

	In Search of the Miraculous: Gottfried Semper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Gottfried Semper, 19th century German architect, theorist, and polymath, possessed a postmodernist sensibility at the earliest stages of the modern era.
		Semper’s process was syncretic, drawing on a wide range of scholarship in classical languages as well as German, French, and English to infuse architecture (and theories about it) with arts and crafts.
		Semper was centrally involved in London’s 1851 Great Exhibition at the Crystal Palace, undoubtedly one of the touchstones of modern architecture and urban civilization.
	insearch.typepad.com /notes/2003/12/gottfried_sempe.html (529 words)

	MUNICHFOUND CITY MAGAZINE
		Gottfried Semper was born on November 29, 1803, in Hamburg, the son of a wealthy wool merchant.
		In the 24 years between 1855 and his death in 1879, Semper consolidated his position as one of Europe’s leading architects with projects such as the Town Hall in Winterthur, an extension to the buildings on Vienna’s Ringstrasse and the reconstruction of the court theater in Dresden after his original design burnt down in 1869.
		Wagner, Semper’s friend, had fallen out of favor with the population of Munich for what was thought to have been his overly powerful and extravagant position in the court of Ludwig II.
	www.munichfound.de /new.cfm?news_ID=1617 (793 words)

	Architectural Review, The: Woven in Worb: Gottfried Semper's odd theories about textiles and building are imaginatively ...
		Semper came up with the wacky idea (based on no real evidence) that archetypal patterns of wallcovering are derived originally from woven textiles, which civilization had evolved before timber-framed or masonry structures.
		This allowed Semper to evolve more and more elaborate ornament on his own buildings, because he claimed that the patterns he favoured were given the sanction of the ancients (coincidentally Semper taught for many years at Mathys and Stucheli's architectural school in Zurich in the second half of the century).
		Semper has been abstracted and rationalized in ways he could never have imagined; the building is the first adaptation of his ideas for 100 years.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3575/is_1290_216/ai_n6186274 (540 words)

	ETH-Z gta Semper research: a critical review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Gottfried Semper (1803-1879) was not only one of the most outstanding architects of his time, he was doubtless also the first systematical anthropologist of art and architecture.
		Semper globally documented one basic paradigm: the fact that fibrous and perishable materials are widely found in art and architecture related to durable materials, mostly as texture ('incrustation' principle) or structurally.
		In a pioneering act, Semper concluded anthropologically that art and architecture must have had their origins in the domain of archaeologically not represented fibrous industries ('textiles').
	home.worldcom.ch /~negenter/4580SemperIntro.html (399 words)

	campuslife:ETH Life - ETH Zurich's weekly web journal
		Gottfried Semper, the great architect, was born 200 years ago; first Dean of the bilding school and constructor of the observatory, which houses the Collegium Helveticum today, and of the "Federal Polytechnicum".
		This change – dictated by the planning authorities – shifted the mass of Semper's creation to such an extent that the orientation of the building was "turned" from facing towards the town to facing, as it does today, towards Zürichberg.
		Semper's conviction culminates in the inscription in the centre, one that brought him a lot of criticism for its radicalism: "It wouldn't be worthwhile to be born, were it not for science and art."
	www.ethlife.ethz.ch /e/articles/campuslife/semperbau.html (1212 words)

	Read about Semper Oper at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Semper Oper and learn about Semper Oper here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Semper Oper (or Semperoper or Dresden Royal Opera House or Dresden State Opera House) is an
		The citizenry demanded that Gottfried Semper do the reconstruction, even though he was in exile at the time because of his activities in the
		Manfred Semper complete the second opera house with his father's plans.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Semper_Oper (279 words)

	Semper Oper biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Semper Oper (or Semperoper or Dresden Royal Opera House or Dresden State Opera House) is an opera house in Dresden, Germany, and is one of the most famous in Europe.
		Then, it had to be rebuilt again after a fire destoryed it in 1869.
		The citizenry demanded that Gottfried Semper do the reconstruction, even though he was in exhile at the time (due to the revolution).
	semper-oper.biography.ms (319 words)

	Semper's Early Career
		Semper investigated other early architectural styles, and took a particular interest in the Assyrian excavations of the 1840s of Botta and Layard.
		In Dresden Semper began to receive commissions for many of the most important elements in the rebuilding programme of the King of Saxony, including the Art Gallery and the Hoftheater, a new theatre and opera house to replace the old court theatre.
		The Art Gallery which Semper constructed as a fourth side to the famous Dresden Zwinger complex (and which still survives, with its magnificent collection) gives another, indirect, connection to Wagner - its first director, Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld, was the father of Ludwig, the man who was to create the role of 'Tristan'.
	www.smerus.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk /lamp2.htm (622 words)

	Leonardo Digital Reviews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Semper wasn't an easy guy either, and his 1850's German——remember German culture was at its idealist height with authors like Hegel dominating the philosophical scene——was pretty well developed.
		Style than, is the harmonious and internally logical application of the whole range of materials and their derived forms, brought together under the internal pressure of the material and the external pressures of the cultural, historical and personal context of its creation.
		Semper intended to write a book in three volumes: the first two dealing with the materials and their evolution in oriental, pre-classical, classical and contemporary architecture (internal pressures) and the last one capping it all with an analysis of architecture as a consequence of both the internal and the external pressures.
	mitpress2.mit.edu /e-journals/Leonardo/reviews/mar2005/style_ryssen.html (705 words)

	Gottfried Semper And The Pig Who Wished (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		During an adventurous life, the German architect, scholar, and political revolutionary Gottfried Semper (1803-79) experienced early fame, political exile from his homeland, international prominence, and the exhilaration of seeing European architecture transformed by his influential body of ideas.
		In this engrossing biography of Semper - the first written on this architect - Harry Mallgrave presents a comprehensive account of the life, buildings, and writings of the man he describes as a colossus of the nineteenth century.
		He speaks of Semper's glorious design for the Dresden Hoftheater in the mid-1830s, his influence on Richard Wagner, and his plummeting fortunes after the political unrest of 1848-49.
	mazda6forums.com /gottfried.htm (216 words)

	Hotel City-Herberge Dresden \| Sights \| Semper Opera
		The Semper Opera was built between 1838 and 1841 by the famous architect Gottfried Semper.
		One of the most well-known conductors of the Semper Opera certainly was Richard Wagner, who from 1843 onward was engaged at the Opera.
		In 1869 the Opera was destroyed by fire; it was rebuilt in a new style by Manfred Semper, the son of Gottfried Semper.
	www.city-herberge.de /english/dresden_info/semperoper.php (123 words)

	H-Net Review: Matthew Jefferies on Gottfried Semper and the Problem of Historicism
		Unfortunately, Semper was a notoriously opaque writer; his vague and tortuous sentences lend themselves to many different interpretations and have always defied simple explanation.
		Semper believed that the "failure of contemporary architects consisted not so much in their borrowing from the past as in their lack of understanding of the present: their inability to see that a true style must grow out of the actual forces in contemporary society" (p.
		Arguably it was this recognition of the connection between style and social conditions (or "the spirit of the age") that was his principal achievement as a theorist.
	www.h-net.msu.edu /reviews/showrev.cgi?path=141051115837086 (771 words)

	The Architectural Review: Gottfried Semper and the problem of historicism... @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The German architect and theorist, Gottfried Semper (1803-79), designed a few buildings, all in a sumptuous Renaissance Revival style, including the Opera House (1871-8) and Gemaldegalerie (1847-54) in Dresden, and, with Karl von Hasenauer (1833-94), the two museums in the Maria-Theresien-Platz (1872-81), the Burgtheater (1872-86), and the Neue Hofburg (1870-94) in Vienna.
		His writings are notoriously prolix and opaque, so he has been claimed, inter alia, as materialist, functionalist, idealist, stylistic eclectic, Marxist revolutionary, petit bourgeois, proto-modernist, and upholder of historicism.
		Semper was a fascinating figure, even a great architect, and deserves to have his ideas explained, clearly and simply, with any illustrations carefully captioned and related to the text: in Hvattum's volume the illustrations appear incidental, so for those seeking to understand Semper it will not be of much help.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:120038620&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (296 words)

	MfGZ
		Even his contemporaries celebrated Gottfried Semper as the «Michelangelo of the 19th century».
		Semper designed pioneering buildings like the «Semperoper» in Dresden, the main ETH building in Zurich, the «Greek» town hall in Winterthur and monumental large-scale structures like the Kaiserforum in Vienna.
		Gottfried Semper, portrait by William Unger, etching, 1871, © Architekturmuseum der TU München
	www.museum-gestaltung.ch /Htmls/Ausstellungen/Archiv/2003/semper/E_semper.html (284 words)

	Gottfried Semper and the Problem of Historicism - Cambridge University Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Using key texts by the German architect and theorist Gottfried Semper, Mari Hvattum offers a reinterpretation of historicism, which is here viewed both as a philosophical outlook and as an architectural problem.
		Hvattum focuses on Semper’s two major concerns: an understanding of the ontological significance of art and architecture, and the rendering of art and architecture as the objects of scientific investigation and prediction.
		More than an intellectual biography, Gottfried Semper and the Problem of Historicism explores historicism and its implications for modern architectural discourse and practice.
	www.cambridge.org /aus/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521821630 (186 words)

	AllRefer.com - Gottfried Semper (Architecture, Biography) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Gottfried Semper[gOt´frEt zem´pur] Pronunciation Key, 1803–79, German architect.
		Semper was among the most influential architects of the 19th cent.
		In his book Der Stil in den technischen und tektonischen KUnsten (2 vol., 1860–63), he argued for a functional approach to modern architecture based on the study of the industrial arts.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/Semper-G.html (230 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Gottfried Semper: Architect of the Nineteenth Century (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The tumult of 20th century Germany has more or less overwhelmed Semper's memory and reputation, so this new biography is a welcome addition to the history of 19th century architectural history.
		Semper is probably as well known for what he didn't build as for what he did.
		Born in 1803, Semper was eventually appointed to the Academy of Fine Art in Dresden, where he socialized with Wagner, Schumann and others and began a prolific building career that included...
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0300066244 (485 words)

	artnet.com: Resource Library: Hasenauer, Karl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Of the four museum projects submitted by various architects, none was accepted, and early in 1869 Gottfried Semper, as the leading authority on historicist architecture in Germany, was asked to examine the plans.
		Semper suggested connecting the separate museum buildings (for the art and natural history collections) to a new, enlarged Hofburg, thus forming a spacious forum of imperial grandeur.
		When Semper’s plan (1870; built 1871–89) was approved by Francis-Joseph, Emperor of Austria, Hasenauer, who was obviously most eager to be involved, succeeded in being appointed his assistant.
	www.artnet.com /library/03/0368/T036837.asp (415 words)

	Prairie Avenue Bookshop
		Using key texts by the German architect and theorist Semper, Hvattum offers a reinterpretation of historicism, viewed as a philosophical outlook as well as an architectural problem.
		She focuses on Semper's two major concerns: an understanding of the ontological significance of art and architecture, and their rendering as objects of scientific investigation and prediction.
		She uses Semper's thought as a means to address the inherent problems of historicist thought and its continued influence on modern architectural discourse.
	www.pabook.com /detail.asp?id=0521821630 (77 words)

	Semper Opera, Dresden, Germany
		On the walls in all the various foyers of the Semper Opera there are elaborate decorations and paintings in honor of composers, dramatists and librettists who were well known at the time.
		Although G. Semper had to go in exile after the revolution 1848/49 the citizens of Dresden insisted he had to be architect of the new opera house as well.
		The Semper Opera House was built between 1871 and 1878 in the style of the Italian Renaissance.
	www.virtualtourist.com /travel/Europe/Germany/Land_Sachsen/Dresden-67870/Things_To_Do-Dresden-Semper_Opera-BR-1.html (1516 words)

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