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Topic: Gotthard tunnel

	St. Gotthard Tunnel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gotthard Tunnel in Switzerland is the second longest road tunnel in the world (the longest is Lærdalstunnelen, 24505m).
		The widely used expressway tunnel was opened on September 5, 1980, in response to the automobile boom in Switzerland and the popularity of Italy as a travel resort.
		In contrast, another tunnel through the Alps, the San Bernardino road tunnel in the canton of Graubünden, is relatively uncongested and shorter.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/St._Gotthard_Tunnel (456 words)

	Gotthard Base Tunnel -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Gotthard Base Tunnel is a (Line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a railway system) railway (A passageway through or under something, usually underground (especially one for trains or cars)) tunnel under construction in (A landlocked federal republic in central Europe) Switzerland.
		The tunnel is part of the Swiss NEAT initiative, which also includes several other projects such as the Lötschberg base tunnel between the cantons of Berne and Valais.
		Gotthard Tunnels: the 1882 railway tunnel and the 1980 road tunnel.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/G/Go/Gotthard_Base_Tunnel.htm (190 words)

	Gotthard Base Tunnel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		With a planned length of 57 km and a total of 153.5km of tunnels, shafts and passages planned, it will be the longest railway tunnel in the world upon completion, ahead of the current longest, the Seikan Tunnel.
		The tunnel is part of the Swiss AlpTransit project, which also includes the Lötschberg Base Tunnel between the cantons of Berne and Valais.
		Nearby are two more St. Gotthard Tunnels: the 1882 railway tunnel and the 1980 road tunnel.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gotthard_Base_Tunnel (252 words)

	tunnel. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Tunnels may be ventilated by shafts leading to the surface or by exhaust fans at the ends.
		River-crossing tunnels are also constructed by dredging a trench in the riverbed and then lowering prefabricated tunnel sections through the water into the trench, where they are connected to each other.
		The Channel Tunnel (Chunnel) under the English Channel is much longer, at 31 mi (50 km), and the Seikan Tunnel in Japan, the world’s deepest underwater tunnel, is also the longest railroad tunnel at 33.5 mi (53.6 km).
	www.bartleby.com /65/tu/tunnel.html (904 words)

	Gotthard Rail Tunnel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The first Gotthard Tunnel, a 15 km long railway tunnel, connects Göschenen and Airolo through the Swiss Alps.
		The Swiss engineer Louis Favre, who had overall responsibility for the tunnel construction, suffered a fatal heart attack inside the tunnel in 1879.
		A second railway tunnel, the Gotthard Base Tunnel is currently being constructed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gotthard_Rail_Tunnel (107 words)

	Tunnel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Gotthard Tunnel that opened in Switzerland on September 5, 1980 as the world's longest highway tunnel at 16.32 km (10.14 miles) stretching from Göschenen to Airolo.
		The Lincoln Tunnel between New Jersey and New York is one of the busiest vehicular tunnels in the world.
		The Atlantic Avenue Tunnel, Brooklyn, New York is the world's oldest underground railway tunnel in a street, built in 1844 by the cut-and-cover method for the Long Island Rail Road.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/T/Tunnel.htm (975 words)

	NZOOM - ONE News - World
		The Gotthard tunnel turned into the death trap many drivers using the narrow, dimly lit 17km road through the Swiss-Italian Alps have always feared.
		Gisler is a member of the local parliament of the canton or state of Uri and a prominent campaigner for a second Gotthard tunnel.
		Gotthard is one of the heaviest north-south transport routes in Europe, a crossroads for goods linking much of Germany and the rest of northern Europe to Italy and the Mediterranean.
	onenews.nzoom.com /onenews_detail/0,1227,63449-1-9,00.html (609 words)

	Gotthard tunnel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Gotthard tunnel, the longest railway tunnel in the world, with 57 km (36 miles) will be opened and plays the role of superstar in terms of quality and safety.
		The idea to build a Gotthard base tunnel is far from new.
		Half a century after the first project of 1962, the longest railway tunnel in the world is now finally and indeed going to be put into service.
	www.nrg.to /taile/gotthard.html (78 words)

	Guardian \| Vehicles found fused together in molten mass after tunnel inferno
		Mounting fears about tunnel safety were fanned by a second crash yesterday morning just outside the 6km-long St Bernhard tunnel, the closest alternative to the Gotthard, although it is not used by heavy goods vehicles.
		One, a 35km tunnel beneath the Loetschberg in Berne canton, is due to open in 2007, and the second, 56km long under the Gotthard pass, in 2012.
		The tunnel is also fitted with a state-of-the-art fire detection system and a ventilation system that allows air in the tunnel to be refreshed, and fumes evacuated, within 15 minutes of an accident.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,4285670-103681,00.html (1407 words)

	BBC News \| EUROPE \| Gotthard: Main Alpine link
		The Gotthard Road Tunnel, scene of the latest Alpine tunnel accident, is the main north-south route through the Alps, between Italy and Switzerland.
		The Gotthard tunnel is part of the busiest motorway system in Switzerland which serves heavy goods traffic between Germany and Italy.
		The tunnel was completed in 1980 after delays due to unexpected conditions, double the expected cost and the death of 19 workers.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/low/world/europe/1617931.stm (499 words)

	Astra - Bundesamt für Strassen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		HGV capacity on the Gotthard route was increased to 3 300 lorries per day by the end of January, a figure sufficient to keep traffic under control and flowing.
		To improve safety in the Gotthard road tunnel, arrangements are being introduced with effect from Saturday to alternate movements of heavy goods traffic so that vehicles pass through in one direction only.
		However, in the interest of the safety of the whole road network and especially the critical tunnel sections on the A13, the Gotthard road tunnel needs to be reopened as soon as possible.
	www.astra.admin.ch /html/en/news/index.php?archiv=1 (1198 words)

	St. Gotthard - Trip to Switzerland - MCPics
		Gotthard The St. Gotthard Pass is a vital North-South link through the Alps Lucerne The drive to Lucerne by train.
		The Saint Gotthard Road Tunnel was opened in 1980; 10 mi (17 km) long and with a capacity of 1,500 vehicles per hour, it has greatly improved road transportation between Switzerland and Italy.
		Once through the train tunnel on the northside of the Alps in the German speaking part of Switzerland the train goes through a series of 'Kehrtunnels' to decend.
	www.mcuniverse.com /album24_5_sg.htm (797 words)

	BBC News \| EUROPE \| Jury out on Gotthard tunnel
		There is little fanfare in the Swiss region of Ticino for the re-opening of the Gotthard tunnel two months after a traffic accident caused a raging fire which killed 11 people.
		The closure of the tunnel - on the main route linking Germany and Italy - badly affected the economy of the isolated rural region, particularly its tourism.
		While the re-opening of the Gotthard tunnel may be viewed with equanimity now, the scene looks set for pitched battle over its future, as people prepare to vote next year.
	news.bbc.co.uk /hi/english/world/europe/newsid_1723000/1723406.stm (714 words)

	CBS News \| Swis's Tunnel Infern \| May 18, 2004 21:11:27
		Many motorists and truckers managed to reach emergency exits on the more than 10-mile-long Gotthard Tunnel, which cuts through the Swiss Alps and is a key connection between northern and southern Europe.
		Built in 1980, the Gotthard has had increased traffic since a 1999 fire forced the closure of the Mont Blanc tunnel between France and Italy.
		Gotthard was the longest road tunnel in the world until Norway opened its 15-mile Laerdal Tunnel last year.
	uttm.com /stories/2002/01/14/adfas/main500667.shtml (745 words)

	Dräger Annual Report
		The Gotthard Base Tunnel project was only given the green light once every conceivable step had been taken to ensure that the tunnel would be as environmentally compatible as possible, meeting an enormous variety of regulations and conservation requirements.
		The planners responsible for construction of the Gotthard Base Tunnel are already looking into the sorts of emergency and hazard situations that might conceivably occur in 10 years time when train services commence in the tunnel.
		The construction of the longest rail tunnel in the world, through which passenger trains will race in future at speeds of up to 250 km/h and goods trains will travel at up to 160 km/h, is increasingly attracting the attention of other countries to this project worth 7 billion Swiss francs.
	www.draeger.com /HG/internet/GB2002/english/reports/st_gotthard_tunnel.htm (1604 words)

	CNN.com - Tunnel tragedy missing list cut - October 27, 2001
		The number missing has dropped from a high of 200 and officials believe most of those on the list were merely thought to be in the area of the Gotthard tunnel rather than actually inside it when the crash happened.
		Construction teams are trying to keep the ceiling of the narrow, two-lane tunnel from collapsing and are working their way toward the exact location of the crash.
		Completed in 1980, the Gotthard tunnel is one of the busiest north-south links in the Alps but has only one lane in each direction.
	archives.cnn.com /2001/WORLD/europe/10/27/tunnel.roof (776 words)

	CNN.com - Gotthard tunnel reopens - December 21, 2001
		The tunnel, one of the key transport arteries in the Swiss Alps, was opened to cras on Friday and the first trucks will be allowedto use the route again on Saturday.
		Environmental and transport organisations have lobbied against trucks being allowed to use Gotthard fearing a repeat of the head-on crash that left 11 dead in the choking smoke and intense heat.
		They called on the government to ban heavy trucks travelling through the tunnel and urged that goods be shifted from the roads to rail.
	archives.cnn.com /2001/WORLD/europe/12/21/tunnel.reopen (436 words)

	Encyclopedia: Gotthard Base Tunnel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A disused railway tunnel now converted to pedestrian and bicycle use, near Houyet, Belgium A tunnel is an underground passage.
		The Seikan Tunnel (é’å‡½ãƒˆãƒ³ãƒãƒ« Seikan Tonneru) is currently the longest railway tunnel in the world, at 53.
		Porta Alpina is a proposed railway station to be built in the middle of the 57 kilometre long Gotthard Base Tunnel which is currently under construction in southern Switzerland.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Gotthard-Base-Tunnel (549 words)

	CNN.com - Experts demand tunnel safety push - October 27, 2001
		Westerhuis called for the immediate doubling of the major European tunnels so that tragedies like that in the Gotthard tunnel are not repeated.
		He said the problem was that the tunnels were built to the standards of the time -- but traffic volumes had increased dramatically.
		The Gotthard tunnel was used by 1.2 million vehicles over 3.5 tonnes in 2000, he said, and the Frejus tunnel between France and Italy by 1.5 million.
	edition.cnn.com /2001/WORLD/europe/10/26/tunnel.safety (627 words)

	[Idyllchat] Gotthard Tunnel Fire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Since this is a main portal between countries north of the alps and the southern countries, a lot of heavy trucks use this.
		A part of these are covered by the collapsed roof of the tunnel at the fire scene.
		Tunnels have especially built ventilation systems to evacuate smoke if this occurs, but these are no guarantee of safety.
	mailman.dca.net /pipermail/idyllchat/2001-October/001657.html (351 words)

	6 - THE St GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL
		The 57 km twin tunnels with a distance of 40 m and diameters of about 9m will be connected by cross passages at every 325m.
		In the north, the Aar massif has to be drilled, in the centre the Gotthard massif and in the south the penninic gneiss zone.
		Between the Aar and Gotthard massifs the Tavetsch and Urseren-Garvera zone are to be crossed.
	www.ita-aites.org /cms/370.html (389 words)

	Saint Gotthard on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It is crossed by the St. Gotthard Road (built 1820-30).
		The Saint Gotthard Road Tunnel was opened in 1980; 10.2 mi (16.4 km) long and with a capacity of 1,500 vehicles per hour, it has greatly improved road transportation between Switzerland and Italy.
		Shotcrete Contribution at Gotthard.(design and construction of the Saint Gotthard Alp Transit rail tunnel)
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/S/StG1ottM1t.asp (413 words)

	Closure of alpine tunnels signals disaster for euro transport - EUbusiness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The alpine tunnels and passes that remain open are hard-put to cope with the overspill of traffic.
		I think the trouble with tunnels is when they are single bore, there is that much more of a danger of vehicles from one side hitting a vehicle coming the other way.
		Another idea is that the Mont Blanc tunnel should handle all traffic permanently in one direction, with the Gotthard tunnel handling vehicles from the other direction.
	www.eubusiness.com /Switzerland/62748 (943 words)

	St Gotthard Hotel
		The Lærdal Tunnel (Lærdalstunnelen), opened in 2000 is longer with its 24505 meters.
		Swiss maps show the tunnel as an expressway (with or without central reservation, it's in red-and-orange, whereas normal routes are cinnamon, yellow or white).
		Though the pass was locally known in Antiquity, it was not generally used until the early 13th century, because it involved fording the turbulent Schöllen, swollen with snowmelt during the early summer, in the narrow steep-sided Schöllenen Gorge, below Andermatt.
	www.artistbooking.com /trips/191/st-gotthard-hotel.html (1220 words)

	IRU - Press release : IRU Declaration on St. Gotthard Tunnel closure (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In particular, it provides evidence that all main road tunnels with heavy traffic must be equipped with two separate tubes, splitting the traffic flows and reducing the risk of accident and its consequences, limiting casualties and damage if an accident does occur, and greatly facilitating the task of the emergency services.
		The IRU urges that all necessary measures be taken to equip all tunnels with the best possible safety devices available in terms of modern construction, monitoring and everyday operating techniques, in order to eliminate risks for all road users, be they commercial or private.
		It also requests that the French and Italian Authorities re-open the Mont-Blanc Tunnel to commercial traffic as soon as possible and that significant improvement be made in the capacity and quality of railway services, notably in respect of all types of combined road/rail transport, together with measures to encourage the maximum use of this option.
	www.iru.org /roadnews/Entries/627.E.html (373 words)

	_The Gotthard Switzerland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The turbulent Schöllenen Gorge, a few kilometres north of Andermatt, was first bridged in the thirteenth century, allowing traffic to penetrate up the full length of the Reuss valley from Flüelen to the pass itself, from where a continuation road followed the valley of the River Ticino all the way south to Bellinzona and Milan.
		The Gotthard journey is one of Switzerland’s great train rides, not so much for the long stretch of flness as you swoosh beneath the Alps, but for the spectacular approach.
		The Gotthard road tunnel, completed in 1980 after eleven years of construction, is – at 16.3km – the longest road tunnel in the world, and although prone to hideous kilometres-long jams on both approaches, it remains open year-round, while the pass road above is impassable in winter.
	switzerland.isyours.com /e/guide/zentral_schweiz/gotthard.html (726 words)

	Swiss give thumbs down to second Gotthard road tunnel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Swiss voters also have fresh in their minds the fierce fire in the St Gotthard tunnel that killed 11 people in October 2001.
		The tunnel was closed for eight weeks afterwards.
		Ecology group Greenpeace welcomed the refusal saying the Swiss people had given both Bern and the European Union a clear signal that "it is out of the question to compromise on the transfer of traffic from road to rail".
	www.terradaily.com /2004/040208191846.pidp4hdx.html (272 words)

	Report: The St. Gotthard Tunnel in Switzerland \| auto motor und sport TV \| Deutsche Welle \| 14.10.2002
		The 24th of October 2001 marked a turning point in the history of the Gotthard Tunnel between Switzerland and Italy.
		Since the reopening of the Gotthard Tunnel the heavy commercial traffic only runs in one direction and alternates from North to South.
		Find out how safe the tunnel is and how the tunnel managers are trying to lower the risk of such a renewed catastrophe.
	www.dw-world.de /dw/episode/0,1569,655449,00.html (136 words)

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