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Topic: Gottschalk (theologian)

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	Gottschalk - LoveToKnow 1911
		Between 835 and 840 Gottschalk was ordained priest, without the knowledge of his bishop, by Rigbold, chor episco pus of Reims.
		Gottschalk however continued to defend his doctrine, writing to his friends and to the most eminent theologians of France and Germany.
		Gottschalk was a vigorous and original thinker, but also of a violent temperament, incapable of discipline or moderation in his ideas as in his conduct.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Gottschalk (645 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Gottschalk of Orbais
		Rabanus Maurus, however, appealed to the emperor and defended his position in a special treatise: "De oblatione puerorum" (P.L., CVII, 419-440), whereupon Gottschalk was compelled to live the life of a monk but was granted the privilege of exchanging the monastery of Fulda for that of Orbais, in the Diocese of Soissons.
		It is doubtful whether Gottschalk's doctrine on predestination was heretical.
		Gottschalk's doctrine concerning the Trinity scarcely admits a Catholic interpretation.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/06682a.htm (663 words)

	Gottschalk (theologian) Summary
		Gottschalk's prose writings, concerned in the main with the theological controversy or with grammar, are slight, and it is difficult to assess the influence his ideas had in his own time.
		Gottschalk is an early exponent of the Latin hexameter with a rhyme at the caesura.
		Gottschalk's personal life was unhappy, largely because of his obsession with the theology of predestination; the subjective stance of the Saxon poet's hymns and religious poems, however, and the skill displayed in the best of them make them a major achievement in the context of poetry by Germans in the Latin Middle Ages.
	www.bookrags.com /Gottschalk_(theologian) (2267 words)

	Gottschalk of Orbais - Ökumenisches Heiligenlexikon
		But his abbot, Rabanus Maurus, following the prevailing opinion of the age, held that a child, who had been presented as an oblate by his parents, was bound to become a religious, and in consequence, Gottschalk was made a monk against his will.
		In order to make his enforced life in the monastery more bearable, Gottschalk, who had brilliant talents, gave himself to the study of theology.
		After his return from Italy, Gottschalk had himself ordained priest, not by the bishop of Soissons, to whose diocese he belonged, but by the chorepiscopus Richbold of Reims, and again returned to ltaly.
	www.heiligenlexikon.de /CatholicEncyclopedia/Gottschalk_von_Orbais.html (683 words)

	History of Dogma - Volume V \| Christian Classics Ethereal Library
		Many joined and followed Gottschalk in speaking as he did at the time; but he alone was persecuted as a heretical teacher, because the opposition felt that he alone was dangerous to their Church system.
		Gottschalk frequently maintained that Christ did not die for the reprobi, though he taught a certain general redemption of all the baptised; see Hincm.
		Gottschalk died in prison, irreconcilable and unreconciled (869), clinging to the prædestinatio ad mortem, which he understood in 302so “erroneous a sense” that he did not abandon it as Remigius seems to have done.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/harnack/dogma5.ii.ii.i.vi.iii.html?highlight=p (3387 words)

	New Catholic Dictionary: Hincmar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Theologian, Archbishop of Rheims; born 806; died Epernay, France, 882.
		In 844 he became the trusted counselor of Charles the Bald, was made archbishop, 845, and for 40 years was a decisive factor in the policies of the West-Frankish Empire.
		In 858 he procured the appointment of his nephew Hincmar (died 879) to the See of Laon, but the latter's ambitious violent disposition led to such trouble that he incurred his uncle's censure and was deposed in 871.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saintS/ncd03949.htm (136 words)

	Florus
		We have no information regarding the place of birth, the parents, or the youth of this distinguished theologian; but it is probable that he came from the neighbourhood of Lyons, not however from Spain, as some scholars have asserted.
		From the fact that at this time he already enjoyed a reputation as a theologian, we may conclude that he was born certainly before the end of the eighth century.
		He was considered one of the foremost authorities on theologioal questions among the clergy of the Frankish kingdom; and, in consequence, his opinion was often sought in important ecclesiastical rnatters.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/f/florus.html (451 words)

	Gottschalk
		"Gottschalk" is essentially a pious, idiomatic expression that means "God's Servant." It is an idiom in that it's meaning goes beyond the sum of the two words, Gott and Schalk.
		There was a monk and theologian in the 9th century A.D., for example, known as "Gottschalk of Orbais." His family name was not "Gottschalk." In fact, this was long before most people even had hereditary surnames.
		Jews adopted Gottschalk as a given name by translating one of the "-el" names from Hebrew: I'm not sure which one it was...
	www.gottshall.com /gottshall/schalk.htm (1198 words)

	A Bibliographical Review of Historiography on Gottschalk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Gottschalk der Sachse, arguing that Gottschalk was less obstinate than often presented, voluntarily returning to the monastic state at Orbais, for example, rather than being forced, and (again) going on his Balkan mission before the predestinarian controversy erupted, rather than trying to flee persecution.
		Nineham also takes this "conservative" approach, arguing from Gottschalk's willingness to take trial by ordeal, as well as his appeal to the pope and his support from leading Carolingian theologians, that Gottschalk was convinced of his Catholic orthodoxy—as well as of Hincmar's heresy as a deviant from Catholic religion.
		Nineham (p.3) notes that Hincmar was technically acting beyond his jurisdiction in confining Gottschalk, since such matters lay under the jurisdiction of the bishop, not the archbishop.
	gregscouch.homestead.com /files/gottschalk.html (5182 words)

	Feudalism, A new Kind of Freedom
		At one point he was drawn into a controversy between a monk, Gottschalk, and an archbishop, Hincmar, over Augustine's theory of predestination.
		To put the argument in as simple terms as possible, Gottschalk had been placed in a monastery as a child and forced by Hincmar to remain there against his will throughout his life.
		Gottschalk, of course, rejoiced openly that Hincmar was certainly among the reprobates.
	n4bz.org /gsr5/gsr503.htm (1828 words)

	A chronicle of 20 eventful years in the life of Mary Baker Eddy \| csmonitor.com
		Gottschalk was a Christian Scientist but brought a scholar's eye and standards to his work.
		Yet, Gottschalk's account is well told and enriched by fresh material now available from the Mary Baker Eddy Library for the Betterment of Humanity.
		Gottschalk is deeply intrigued by the response of Mark Twain and Mrs.
	www.csmonitor.com /2006/0221/p15s02-bogn.html (845 words)

	Westminster Seminary California clark
		Alcuin (c.740-804) Theologian and scholar of the arts (he wrote on topics in the trivium and the quadrivium) he was major intelletual figure of the Carolingian Renaissance.
		Thomas a' Kempis (c.1380-1471), Pope Hadrian VI (1459-1523), the theologian Gabriel Biel (c.1420-95), the mystic Nicholas of Cusa (1401-64) were associated with the Brethren.
		It was thought possible by some medieval theologians for one not in the state of grace to perform works worthy of congruent merit.
	www.wscal.edu /clark/glossary.php/reviews.php (15182 words)

	GOTTESCALE] GOTTSCHALK... - Online Information article about GOTTESCALE] GOTTSCHALK...
		Gottschalk believing in a predestination to condemnation as well as in a predestination to salvation, while Augustine had contented himself with the doctrine of preterition as complementary to the doctrine of See also:
		Gottschalk however continued to defend his doctrine, writing to his See also:
		century, when the Jansenists exalted Gottschalk, much has been written on him.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /GOA_GRA/GOTTSCHALK_GODESCALUS_GOTTESCAL.html (891 words)

	AllRefer.com - Gottschalk (Roman Catholic And Orthodox Churches: General Biography) - Encyclopedia
		c.868, German theologian; son of the count of Saxony.
		He was placed as a boy in the monastery of Fulda (c.822).
		Rabanus and Hincmar worked to suppress him, and Gottschalk was condemned in 848 and 849, deposed from the priesthood, and imprisoned in the monastery of Hautvilliers.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/G/Gottscha.html (254 words)

	Grace: Chapter Twelve
		The theologians who have written on this subject generally concede that grace is a participation in Deity as it is in itself, objectively (inasmuch as it disposes us radically to see it).
		These theologians deduce therefrom that grace is subjectively a participation in the divine nature as imperfectly conceived by us, as one (not as triune) and as subsistent intellection.
		It is true that these ancient theologians are divided on the secondary question of explaining how grace is efficacious of itself; some have recourse to the divine motion known as physical premotion, others to a predominating delight or some similar attraction.
	www.ewtn.com /library/Theology/grace12.htm (14684 words)

	ULRICH ZWINGLI: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Whatever criticism may be leveled against Reformed theologians, they were determined to forge their theology from Scripture, and Paul especially served as the chief source of their doctrine of predestination.
		Reformed theologians knew the writings of all of the major fathers, both Greek and Latin, but it was Augustine who occupied first place in the pantheon of fathers.
		Although Vermigli's primary inspiration came from Augustine, he went beyond his mentor in his interpretation of Paul's predestinarianism.17 The explanation for this intensified Augustinianism is found at the University of Padua, where as a student Vermigli first read and appreciated the robust Augustinian theology of Gregory of Rimini.
	p105.ezboard.com /fxcatholicfrm2.showMessage?topicID=242.topic (2800 words)

	Gottschalk — FactMonster.com
		Louis Moreau Gottschalk - Gottschalk, Louis Moreau, 1829–69, American pianist and composer, b.
		Teresa Carreño - Carreño, Teresa, 1853–1917, Venezuelan pianist; pupil of L. Gottschalk and Anton...
		Rabanus Maurus Magnentius - Rabanus Maurus Magnentius, c.780–856, German scholar and theologian.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0821390.html (203 words)

	Volga Germans of Ellis County, Kansas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Gottschalk, Adolph and Jane Adolph was born April 18, 1917, in Rush County, the son of William and Anna (Munsch) Gottschalk of Schoenchen.
		Andrew Gottschalk grew up on his father's farm was educated in the district and private schools of his native county and his first occupation away from the farm was teaching in his home township.
		Gottschalk was a devoted wife and mother and was the type of woman whose presence is greatly missed in any community.
	genforum.com /quint/messages/83.html (18871 words)

	History of Medieval Philosophy 161
		-- Gottschalk, a monk of Orbais, a contemporary of Rhaban Maur, was led by the study of St. Augustine to doubt about the possibility of reconciling human freedom with Divine grace.
		Admitting an absolute predestination of the good and the wicked alike, he concluded that man is a mere plaything in the hands of Almighty God and has neither freedom nor responsibility.
		The views of Gottschalk were condemned in the synods of Mainz (848) and Quiercy (849).
	www2.nd.edu /Departments/Maritain/etext/homp161.htm (671 words)

	Louis Gottschalk \| MetaFilter
		We knew nothing of Gottschalk when we began, but we had some greater pride in American music, and in ourselves, when we finished.
		As to Gottschalk, he's an interesting piece of a far too neglected developmental period in American concert music.
		Gottschalk's popular downfall was primarily brought about by John Sullivan Dwight--the significant Boston taste-maker of the time, who was all for the sacrilization of "high" art in music, and who naturally deplored Gottschalk's willing embrace of folk musics.
	www.metafilter.com /mefi/54651 (1437 words)

	American Jewish Archives
		President of Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion from 1971-1995, Gottschalk's papers consist of correspondence with political and religious leaders worldwide.
		Of special interst are letters to and from Paul Steinberg and Alfred Gottschalk detailing the growth and expansion of the HUC-JIR New York campus.
		Petuchowski wrote extensively on prayerbooks and halakhah and was involved in interfaith activities.
	www.americanjewisharchives.org /aja/collections/catalog09.html (1994 words)

	Gottschalk - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gottschalk, Bishop of Freising, beneficiary of the 996 Ostarrîchi document
		Louis Moreau Gottschalk (1829–1869) American composer and pianist
		Thomas Gottschalk, German entertainer and actor (born 1950)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gottschalk (104 words)

	Calvin And Calvinism
		Thus it comes about that monergistic regeneration--"irresistible grace," "effectual calling," our older theologians called it--becomes the hinge of Calvin's soteriology [i.e., doctrine of salvation], and lies much more deeply embedded in the system than many a doctrine more closely connected with it in the popular mind.
		But this was certainly the beginning of his worldwide influence as a Reformed theologian and a Man of Letters for God.
		He was not a professional theologian but a deeply religious man who made warm friends and who also happened to possess a genius for orderly thought.
	custance.org /old/grace/ch5.html (4977 words)

	ReformedCatholicism.com » Augustine, the Medieval Theologians, and the Reformation
		Gottschalk of Orbais and Hincmar of Rheims, who fought over predestination in the 8th century, were both mistaken about Augustine’s own understanding of “foreknowledge.” As well, a key source for understanding “Semi-Pelagianism,” the decrees of the Second Council of Orange in 529, were unknown to most Western theologians until the time of Thomas Aquinas.
		“Augustine, the Medieval Theologians, and the Reformation,” in The Medieval Theologians: An Introduction to Theology in the Medieval Period, ed.
		This often gets cast, a little simplistically, as a question of whether the sacraments are an effect of the church (which would thus be the “Ursakrament” as some RC theologians put it last century), or whether the church is an effect of the sacraments.
	www.reformedcatholicism.com /?p=754 (13486 words)

	Westminster Seminary California clark
		Despite the fact that we live in a post-everything world of endless options, it is nevertheless true that, in this course, your options are rather more limited.
		What are the relations between his doctrine and those of the late medieval theologians and church, between his, Augustine’s, and Luther's doctrine of justification?
		What are the relations between his doctrine and those of the late medieval theologians and church, between his and Augustine?
	www.wscal.edu /clark/ch602syllabus.php (1691 words)

	Infoplease Search: gottschalks
		(Encyclopedia) Gottschalk, Louis Moreau, 1829–69, American pianist and composer, b.
		(Almanac - People) Gottschalk, Louis Moreau pianist, composer Birthplace: New Orleans Born: 1829 Died: 1869...
		(Encyclopedia) Carreño, Teresa, 1853–1917, Venezuelan pianist; pupil of L. Gottschalk and Anton...
	www.infoplease.com /search.php3?query=gottschalks (252 words)

	Microsoft Bids to Acquire Catholic Church
		But critics say Microsoft will face stiff challenges if it attempts to limit competitors' access to these key intellectual properties.
		But others argue that the Catholic and Jewish faiths both draw on a common Abrahamic heritage.
		Over the last 2,000 years, the Catholic Church's market share has increased dramatically, while Judaism, which was the first to offer many of the concepts now touted by Christianity, lags behind.
	www.mainframe.org /humour/microsoft_church.htm (637 words)

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