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Topic: Governor-General of Finland


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In the News (Wed 9 Dec 09)

  
 Nikolai Ivanovich Bobrikov biography .ms
In 1898 Nicholas II appointed Bobrikov as the Governor-General of Finland.
Bobrikov was both hated and feared by the Finnish population as he thought that Finland was still a foreign country that threatened Russia.
In this manifest the Tsar removed the right of the Diet of Finland to make laws.
nikolai-ivanovich-bobrikov.biography.ms   (285 words)

  
 Diet of Finland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Diet of Finland, Suomen valtiopäivät or Finlands Lantdag, was the legislative assembly, and successor to the Riksdag of the Estates, of the Grand Duchy of Finland from 1809 to 1906.
During the Finnish War between Sweden and Russia, the four Estates of occupied Finland (Nobility, Clergy, Burghers and Peasants) were assembled at Porvoo (Borgå) by Tsar Alexander I, the new Grand Duke of Finland, between March 25 and July 19, 1809.
This was thought to essentially mean that the emperor confirmed the Swedish Instrument of Government from 1772 as the constitution of Finland, although it was also interpreted to mean respecting the existing codes and statutes.
www.americancanyon.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Diet_of_Porvoo   (800 words)

  
 Governor-General of Finland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Governor-General of Finland was the head of the Senate of Finland, the government in the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland, between 1808 and 1917.
The Governor-General was the highest representative of the Russian Tsar and received his instructions directly from the Tsar.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Governor-General_of_Finland   (213 words)

  
 Nikolai Vissarionovich Nekrasov - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
On September 17, 1917 Nekrasov was appointed Governor-General of Finland by Aleksandr Kerensky after Mihail Aleksandrovich Stahovich quit from his post.
On the morning of November 7 Nekrasov, on his way to Saint Petersburg to hand over the proposal to Kerensky, was informed of the fall of the government.
Nekrasovs job was to negotiate between the Finnish Senate and the Russian Provisional Government.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nikolai_Vissarionovich_Nekrasov   (154 words)

  
 Introduction to Finnish - Historical Highlights of Finland
The Czar declares Finland a semi-autonomous Grand Duchy with himself as constitutional monarch represented by a governor general.
Finland attacks the Soviet Union at the same times as Germany, hoping to regain the lost areas, but eventually has to accept the borders of 1940 and, and also cede Pechenga, lease Porkkala peninsula as a military base for 50 years and pay war reparations.
1919 The present constitution is adopted and Finland becomes a republic with a president as head of state.
www.ddg.com /LIS/InfoDesignF97/paivir/finnish/history.html   (351 words)

  
 List of assassinated persons - LearnThis.Info Enclyclopedia
Reinhard Heydrich, (1942), a General in the Nazi German paramilitary corps and governor of occupied Czechoslovakia.
Fazle Haq, (1991), governor of the Northwest Frontier province, Pakistan, from 1978 to 1985.
Edward Canby, (1873), Union General, leader of a peace confrence
encyclopedia.learnthis.info /l/li/list_of_assassinated_persons.html   (2075 words)

  
 Governor
Currently, the counties of Sweden, the provinces of China and Finland, the states of Mexico and Indonesia and some of the administrative devisions of Russia are among the areas which have leaders with the title of governor.
Often, a governor would have served as a consul or a praetor in Rome before being dispatched, but this was not always the case - less important provinces might be governed by a prefect, and (after the end of the Republic) provinces under direct control of the Roman EmperorEmperor would be governed by a Legatuslegate.
In the Australian case, the Governor nominally derives power directly from the monarch and is in practice nominated by the Premier of a state.
www.infothis.com /find/Governor   (1238 words)

  
 Europe-Asia Studies: Imperial Borderland. Bobrikov and the Attempted Russification of Finland, 1898-1904. - book reviews
The new Governor-General was also frustrated by the very limited use of the Russian language in Finland: Bobrikov found it impossible to chair meetings of the Senate as the senators would not speak Russian during its sessions.
As Polvinen stresses, the proximity of Finland to the imperial capital and the military autonomy which the Finns possessed were important in acting as the initial triggers for Bobrikov to begin his programme of russification.
When Finland had been acquired from Sweden in 1809, Tsar Alexander I had established a system of government for the Grand Duchy that was very different in both ethos and structure from the imperial administration.
www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3955/is_n7_v48/ai_19226503   (1002 words)

  
 Fact sheet Finland — Virtual Finland
The Czar declares Finland an autonomous Grand Duchy with himself as constitutional monarch represented by a governor general.
Finland is situated in northern Europe between the 60th and 70th parallels of latitude.
Finland's neighbouring countries are Sweden, Norway, and Russia, which have land borders with Finland, and Estonia across the Gulf of Finland.
virtual.finland.fi /finfo/english/facteng.html   (1721 words)

  
 A Short history of Finland for ICPS99
Finlands conversion to christianity was slow and happened during the first centuries of the second millenia.
The provisional goverment in Russia confirmed the constitutional laws of Finland and nullified all illegal laws and edicts made by Czar.
Finland also got its own senat, which meant in fact the birth of a Finnish state.
www.physics.helsinki.fi /iaps/icps99/finhist.html   (5636 words)

  
 Governor-General
Governor-General''' (or '''Governor General) is a term used both historically and currently to designate the appointed representative of a head of state or their government for a particular territory, historically in a colonial context, but no longer necessarily in that form.
From 1644 to 1911, in Qing China, a Governor General (总督) is a title given to the governor of joint military and civil affairs in one or several Province of Chinaprovinces, this is often times translated in English as Viceroy/.
The Governor General became the direct representative of the country's Sovereign only, and relations with the United Kingdom were placed in the hands of a British high commissioner in each country.
www.infothis.com /find/Governor-General   (1396 words)

  
 Mapleleafweb.com: Features - Governor General of Canada Explained
Early in 2004, Governor General Adrienne Clarkson came under criticism for a trip to Russia, Iceland, and Finland to promote Canadian culture (she was accompanied by 59 artists and writers) that ended up costing 5.3 million dollars instead of the projected 1 million dollars.
While it’s true that the Governor General of Canada’s role is largely symbolic, as de facto head-of-state, the Governor General is a central figure in Canada’s constitutional monarchy.
However, in recent years, critics have argued that the Governor General is a holdover from the past, and not necessary for the modern administration of government.
www.mapleleafweb.com /features/parliament/governor-general   (277 words)

  
 The Last of the Czars - A Dream of Freedom
The person chosen to carry out the russianization in practice was Nikolai Bobrikov (1839-1904), who was nominated the governor-general of Finland in 1898.
In 1913 almost all the administration of Finland was in Russian hands.
In 1903 he was given the authorities of a dictator to make sure the tying of Finland tighter to the mother country was to succeed.
www.hut.fi /~milla/e/505/czar/czar52.html   (245 words)

  
 The historical significance of the Finland-Swedes
In 1591 he was appointed Governor of Finland and Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces in the Russian war.
He was assisted by a number of general officers qualified either in the Imperial Russian Army or in the Finnish Guard (that had been liquidated in 1901).
After Finland becoming a Grand Duchy under the Czar in 1809, Calonius was appointed Chancellor of Justice in the Finnish Cabinet.
home.swipnet.se /nordling/finlandssvenskar/2.html   (3869 words)

  
 PER, COUNT BRAHE - LoveToKnow Article on PER, COUNT BRAHE
In 1637-1640 and again in 1648-1654 he was governor-general in Finland, to which country he rendered inestimable services by his wise and provident rule.
He took part in the long duel between Gustavus and Wallenstein round Nuremberg as general of infantry, and commanded the left wing at Lutzen (November 6, 1632), where he was the only Swedish general officer present.
In 1630 he accompanied Gustavus into Germany, and in 1631 was appointed colonel of the yellow regiment, the kings world-renowned life-guards, at the head of which he captured the castle of Wurzhurg on the 8th of October 1631.
www.1911encyclopedia.org /B/BR/BRAHE_PER_COUNT.htm   (533 words)

  
 KAJAANI FACTS AND INFORMATION
Kajaani was founded in 1651, as one of the Finnish cities founded by the Governor General of Finland Per_Brahe.
Kajaani or Kajana in Swedish is a town in Finland.
An important employer in the city is also the Kainuu_Brigade, is the largest garrison in Finland — the Brigade employs some 600 people and trains 4000 conscripts a year.
www.amysflowershop.com /Kajaani   (334 words)

  
 Helsingin Sanomat - International Edition - Home
Finland shaken 100 years ago by murder of Governor-General Bobrikov
The Governor-General was generally hated and his demise was no great cause of sorrow to many.
Bobrikov was the representative of Czar Nicholas II in Finland, and in practice, the ruler of the Grand Duchy of Finland.
www.helsinginsanomat.fi /english/article/1076153076611   (794 words)

  
 Finland's Presidentical Election
A general election was first held to produce a 300-strong electoral college (301 in the 1982 and 1988 elections) which would then elect the President without any prior commitment to any of the candidates.
In Finland, too, politicians had almost totally lost the faith of the public, and the realisation that mass unemployment was here to stay had further sharpened criticism of the system.
After the February Revolution he had returned to Finland, the land of his birth, where he had led the White forces in the Civil War in the early months of 1918, served as Regent for a short period after the war and then stood for election as President.
virtual.finland.fi /elections/president2000/english/presidency.html   (8689 words)

  
 Governor General Kicks Off Quest for the Modern North Series of Seminars in Northern Finland
Governor General Clarkson opened the seminar with a speech on the theme of education as the foundation of northern possibility.
OTTAWA — Her Excellency the Right Honourable Adrienne Clarkson, Governor General of Canada, this week launched the first of five Quest for the Modern North seminars to take place during the series of circumpolar State visits.
The Governor General emphasized the importance of reaching out and involving citizens to promote northern education.
www.gg.ca /media/doc.asp?lang=e&DocID=4031   (467 words)

  
 Lappeenranta --  Encyclopædia Britannica
It was a major trade centre during the Middle Ages, with a municipal charter granted by Per Brahe, the Swedish governor-general of Finland, in 1649.
By courtesy of the Embassy of Finland, Washington, D.C. Swedish Villmanstrand, city, Kymi lääni (province), southeastern Finland.
town, Kymi lääni (province), southeastern Finland, on the Vuoksi River (Russian Vuoksa), near the Russian border, northeast of Lappeenranta.
www.britannica.com /eb/article-9047174?tocId=9047174   (385 words)

  
 1899. Imperial Majesty's Gracious Rescript to the Governor-General of Finland.
To accomplish this, I have confirmed the Fundamental Rules given on the 3rd of February which describe the procedure to be followed when issuing general laws within the Empire which also are applicable in Finland.
In addition to this I have, as a heritage from the past, undertaken the charge of explaining by means of legislation the relation between the Grand Duchy and the Russian Empire.
The Constitutional Conflict in Finland, an article by a member of the Finnish Diet in The North American review, August, 1899.
www.histdoc.net /history/kaskyk.html   (331 words)

  
 Homepage of Kristiina Kalleinen
My year 1994 published dissertation was about the position and significance of the Russian governor-general of Finland in the finnish administration during the first part of the nineteenth century.
For many years I have been interested in and doing research on the history of administration of the nineteenth century Finland and Russia.
These questions are most valid even today, the Soviet Union being disintegrated and many of the former border regions having become independent states.
www.helsinki.fi /~kalleine/engtext.html   (214 words)

  
 The Ultimate Mihail Aleksandrovich Stahovich - American History Information Guide and Reference
He was appointed Governor-General of Finland by the Russian Provisional Government in March 20 1917 after the job was refused by Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov amongst others.
www.historymania.com /american_history/Mihail_Aleksandrovich_Stahovich   (71 words)

  
 Kainuu
In the 1500's, the Governor General of Finland Per Brahe fostered the population growth of Kainuu by giving a ten year tax exemption to converts to Christianity.
Kainuu is a region (maakunta / landskap) of Finland.
It is located in the Oulu province and it borders the regions of Northern Ostrobothnia, North Karelia and Northern Savonia.
www.worldhistory.com /wiki/K/Kainuu.htm   (276 words)

  
 Raahen kirkko, church
Count Raahe, the governor general of Finland, is still remembered for his great economic and cultural achieve ments.
The sculptures was placed to the museum in 1912 and the belfry was takenapart.
www.raahe.fi /museo/kirkko-e.html   (528 words)

  
 Museovirasto
Among the most prominent of them were governor Herman Pehrs'son Fleming (died 1573), Claes Lars'son Fleming (1592-1644), admiral and president of the Board of Trade, and Herman Claes'son Fleming (1619-1673), admiral, Governor-general of Finland and head of the internal revenue department, who built Askainen church (1653) and Louhisaari Manor (1655).
It was bought four years later by Carl Eric Mannerheim who was one of the outstanding leaders during Finland's period of autonomy, member of the committee organizing the administration of Finland and later vice-chairman of the economic department of the Senate.
Inkeri Hovinen, from whom the Commitee for an Equestrian Monument for Marshal of Finland bought the main building, surrounding park area and avenue and donated it to the Finnish State for administration by the National Museum.
www.nba.fi /en/louhisaari_owners   (320 words)

  
 Second Report — Standing Committee on Government Operations and Estimates
This aspect is critical in the context of the review of the Governor General's fiscal responsibility and accountability for the management of public funds allocated to him or her by Parliament.
In addition, the Governor General grants Royal Assent to bills passed by the House of Commons and the Senate, reads the Speech from the Throne, signs State documents, convenes the Houses, opens and closes the sessions of Parliament and dissolves Parliament when elections are called.
Although the Governor General has vast legislative powers under the 1867 Constitution and the Letters Patent of 1947, many of the most important conventions in the Canadian Constitution provide that these powers are, in practice, exercised individually by the Prime Minister and collectively by Cabinet.
www.parl.gc.ca /InfocomDoc/Documents/37/3/parlbus/commbus/house/reports/OGGO_Rpt02-e.htm   (3263 words)

  
 Articles - Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov
He was now (1791) a lieutenant-general, and successively occupied the positions of ambassador at Constantinople, governor-general of Finland, commandant of the corps of cadets at Saint Petersburg, ambassador at Berlin, and governor-general of Saint Petersburg.
In 1784 he became a major-general, in 1787 governor-general of the Crimea; and under Suvorov, whose disciple he became, he won considerable distinction in the Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792, at the taking of Ochakov, Odessa, Benda and Ismail, and the battles of Rimnik and Mashin.
On the eve of Austerlitz Kutuzov tried to prevent the Allied generals from fighting a battle, and, being overruled by the Austrians, took so little interest in the event that he fell asleep during the reading of the orders.
www.gaple.com /articles/Mikhail_Illarionovich_Kutuzov   (805 words)

  
 The Governor-General of Finland Frans Seyn
He had been in Finland many times before, starting his career as a staff officer in the Russian Military District of Finland up to acting as an aide to the Governor-General.
Seyn carried out and personally contributed to the Russification in Finland during his time as the Governor-General in 1909-1917.
He was appointed to the office by Prime Minister Stolypin, who especially desired a strong executor to the abolishment of Finland's special status within the Empire.
www.histdoc.net /history/seyn.html   (238 words)

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