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	Graf Spee
		The Graf Spee was a German "pocket" battleship that was designed during the period of demilitarization.
		In December 1939, the British attacked the Graf Spee with three cruisers.
		They forced the Graf Spee to retreat and seek haven in Uruguay, but were ordered out by the neutral nation.
	library.thinkquest.org /15511/data/encyclopedia/grafspee.htm (159 words)

	Graf Spee - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		SMS Graf Spee was an incomplete Mackensen class battlecruiser of World War I, scrapped in 1923.
		The "pocket battleship" Admiral Graf Spee, launched in 1934, that saw action in World War II and sunk at the Battle of the River Plate.
		The name Graf Spee was also considered for a SR Merchant Navy Class locomotive to commemmorate the battle.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Graf_Spee (152 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Graf Spee began the game by accelerating and turning away to the southwest, with an eye toward presenting a broadside to her pursuers while lining up for a run to the open sea.
		Graf Spee missed Ajax from 17,000 yards, while Achilles and Ajax couldn’t hope to damage Graf Spee from this distance, and as they were at different ranges from Graf Spee, they were prevented from combining their fire.
		The match was critically impacted by the magazine hit Graf Spee suffered on the very first turn, putting the German ship in the position of being able to damage (but not maul) her pursuers.
	grognard.com /reviews1/grafspee.txt (730 words)

	::The Graf Spee in Montevideo::
		The Graf Spee had been forced into Montevideo after the British success at the Battle of the River Plate in December 1939 - the first major naval action of World War Two.
		The damage done to the Graf Spee during the Battle of the River Plate did not appear to be great.
		On the Sunday, crew from the Graf Spee were seen leaving the ship and by midday an estimated 800 men had left.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /graf_spee_in_montevideo.htm (1116 words)

	CNN.com - Salvage crew raises key piece of sunken battleship - Feb. 25, 2004
		The Graf Spee is slowly sinking in this photo taken by Friedrich Adolphe, a survivor of the sinking.
		The "Battle of the River Plate" began on December 13, 1939, near the mouth of the river as the German warship was pursued by a battle group consisting of two British warships, HMS Exeter and HMS Ajax, and the HMNZS Achilles of New Zealand.
		The Graf Spee was crippled in the fight after receiving several direct hits, and Capt. Hans Langsdorff decided to take refuge in the Montevideo harbor.
	www.cnn.com /2004/WORLD/americas/02/25/uruguay.graf.spee.ap/index.html (587 words)

	The Raiding Cruise of the Admiral Graf Spee
		The Raiding Cruise of the Admiral Graf Spee
		Graf Spee went to action stations at 0600, and by 0610 her lookouts had correctly identified the newcomers: the heavy cruiser HMS Exeter, and the light cruisers HMS Ajax and HMAS Achilles.
		The ensuing battle, and the eventual scuttle of the Graf Spee, is covered in the section "The Battle of the River Plate".
	www.bobhenneman.info /bhrcgs.htm (2753 words)

	Panzerschiffe Admiral Graf Spee
		The Graf Spee had met the Altmark 9 times to refuel, and this was its last meeting with the ship.
		The Graf Spee received a number of hits during the battle and was forced to take refuge in Montevideo for repairs - International law allowed ships to take refuge in neutral harbors for repairs for a maximum limit of 24 hours, depending on the wishes of the neutral host.
		Just after sunset, the Graf Spee was blown up with a series of well placed charges, causing it to sink in shallow water, coming to rest on the soft bottom in plain view of the coast.
	www.feldgrau.com /grafspee.html (1216 words)

	German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Admiral Graf Spee was launched in 1934 and named after the World War I Admiral Graf Maximilian von Spee who died, along with two of his sons, in the first Battle of the Falkland Islands on 8 December 1914.
		Admiral Graf Spee sailed from Wilhelmshaven on 21 August 1939, to act as a raider in the South Atlantic.
		On 10 February 2006, the eagle figurehead of the Admiral Graf Spee was recovered.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/German_battleship_Admiral_Graf_Spee (1425 words)

	First World War.com - Who's Who - Maximilian von Spee
		At the Battle of Coronel on 1 November 1914 off the coast of Chile, Spee sunk two British cruisers under the command of Sir Christopher Cradock, outclassing the British in terms of both gunnery and seamanship.
		At the Battle of the Falkland Islands, on 8 December 1914, Spee attempted a raid upon British wireless and coaling facilities at Port Stanley.
		Unbeknownst to Spee however, a British squadron, including two fast, modern battle cruisers, Invincible and Inflexible, were at that same time coaling at Port Stanley, sent by First Sea Lord Admiral Fisher to reverse the British defeat at Coronel, commanded by Vice Admiral Frederick Sturdee.
	www.firstworldwar.com /bio/spee.htm (280 words)

	Langsdorff of the Grafspee
		Admiral Graf Spee, commissioned in 1936, was the most modern of these ships.
		Dubbed pocket battleships, Deutschland, Admiral Scheer and Admiral Graf Spee held the premier position in the German fleet in the thirties.
		This was a well kept secret until the Battle of the River Plate when Graf Spee fell short in the clinch.
	www.grafspee.com /theship.html (215 words)

	Salvage Team Prepares to Raise WWII Ship \| Current Affairs \| Deutsche Welle \| 04.02.2004
		Once a vessel feared by the British navy, the Graf Spee was regarded as a symbol of German naval might early in the war, as it prowled the South Atlantic chasing and sinking as many as nine allied merchant ships while always allowing the crews time to evacuate the ships.
		After being allowed to bury their dead, the crew of the Graf Spee was unable to salvage the battleship in the time allowed and, under intense pressure from Britain, neutral Uruguay forced the Graf Spee to set out to sea once more.
		But the battle and the story of the Graf Spee is well documented, as much for the demise of such a revolutionary and innovative vessel as the ferocity of the conflict.
	www.dw-world.de /english/0,3367,1430_A_1104786_1_A,00.html (692 words)

	The Wreck of the SMS Thuringen
		The famed German warship Admiral Graf Spee was scuttled in the estuary of the River Plate, off Montevideo Uruguay, on Dec 17, 1939.
		Because of these hazards and the poor visibility, more divers die on the wreck of the Graf Spee every year than on any other wreck.
		Just days after the ship was scuttled, Graf Spee claimed her first diver: one of the top divers in the Royal Navy attempted to enter the forward 11-inch turret to recover the gyro-firing system, but drowned.
	www.bobhenneman.info /GrafSpeewreck.htm (455 words)

	World War II> Battles & Main Events > 1939 and 1940 > Graf Spee Sunk
		The first major naval campaign of Word War II, took place when the British navy pursued the Graf Spee, a German battlecruiser who was on a mission to attack British merchant vessels.
		Between September 30 and December 7 1939 the Graf Spee, under the command of Captain Hans Langsdorff sunk nine cargo ships with a total tonnage of 50,089.
		In the ensuing battle both the British ships and the Graf Spee were damaged, but the cumulative effect of three British ships damaged the Graf Spee severely.
	www.multied.com /WW2/events/GrafSpree.html (207 words)

	Admiral Graf Spee
		October 1, 1932-The keel of the Admiral Graf Spee is laid down in the Reichsmarinewerft in Wilhelmshaven.
		Admiral Graf Spee scores several hits on the other two cruisers as well, receiving several hits in retaliation, most of which failed to penetrate the ships armor.
		December 17, 1939-Admiral Graf Spee is ordered to leave Montevideo around 0615, pending reports that the Royal Navy was arriving in force nearby.
	www.angelfire.com /ia/totalwar/kmsGrafSpee.html (450 words)

	Admiral Graf Spee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Third of the pocket battleships and the best known, the Admiral Graf Spee was challenged off the River Plate by the British cruisers Ajax, Achilles, and Exeter on 13 December 1939.
		The Battle of the River Plate illustrated the fundamental weakness of the panzerschiff concept and demolished the pocket battleship myth, for the Admiral Graf Spee was not fast enough to dodge the three cruisers and her two triple 11 inch gun turrets could not cope with the three fast moving targets.
		although she crippled the Exeter, the Admiral Graf Spee was damaged in the action and put in to Montevideo for repairs.
	expage.com /shipsge7 (171 words)

	Graf Spee
		Commodore Henry Harwood hunted Graf Spee down, his three Royal Navy cruisers engaging the battleship on 13th of December, 1939, in what became the Battle of the River Plate.
		Simon Atack's fine portrayal of the Graf Spee shows her making speed through a choppy cross-current as she leaves the German naval port of Wilhelmshaven for final trials just a few weeks before the outbreak of war in September, 1939.
		One of Graff Spee's two Arados was destroyed on the catapult by gunfire during the Battle of the River Plate.
	www.chesterfieldarmament.com /atack/grafspee/grafspee.htm (244 words)

	THE GRAF SPEE PROJECT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Admiral Graf Spee was built to be faster than a conventional battleship but still larger and more powerful than a cruiser.
		The Graf Spee’s guns also outdistanced her enemy’s, but in the end this did not matter as Langsdorff quickly closed the distance by mistakenly racing toward his enemy.
		As the sun set the Graf Spee exploded and smoked and pitched and finally settled to the shallow bottom where she has been since.
	www.lummifilm.com /grafspee/history.html (823 words)

	ISGraf
		The Graf Spee sailed on Aug. 21 1939 to a holding area in the South Atlantic, where she waited until commencing her first wartime mission as a surface raider.
		The Iron Shipwright kit depicts Graf Spee as she appeared at the time of her 1939 scuttling.
		I may yet purchase another Graf Spee so that I can display her in the camo pattern worn at the time of her 1939 scuttling.
	www.steelnavy.com /ISGraf.htm (828 words)

	Graf Spee's Eagle Rises From Sea - 'Spectacular, Unreal'
		Divers have salvaged a 2m (6ft) bronze imperial eagle from the German World War II battleship Graf Spee that was scuttled in the River Plate.
		Three divers had to loosen 145 bolts securing the 300kg (661lb) eagle to the stern of the craft in the muddy waters off Uruguay's capital, Montevideo.
		The Graf Spee was once a symbol of German naval might.
	www.rense.com /general69/spee.htm (383 words)

	SPEE, MAXIMILIAN, GRAF VON. The Columbia Encyclopedia: Sixth Edition. 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In Nov., 1914, he met and defeated the English commander Admiral Cradock off Coronel; however, he was defeated by Sir Frederick Sturdee near the Falkland Islands (Dec., 1914) and went down with his vessel.
		A German battleship was later named the Graf Spee.
		It sank many British cargo ships in the South Atlantic early in World War II before it was finally damaged heavily by three British cruisers in Dec., 1939, and scuttled by its crew.
	www.bartleby.com /aol/65/sp/Spee-Max.html (90 words)

	THE GRAF SPEE PROJECT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Admiral Graf Spee had a different and unusual conclusion to her battle days.
		In the opening months of WWII the Graf Spee and three Allied ships fought a naval and political battle off the coast of South America that was unlike any battle fought since.
		The drama of the ship, her captain and her crew are a riveting story as well as a textbook example of naval warfare and diplomatic maneuvering.
	www.lummifilm.com /grafspee (271 words)

	Battleship Graf Spee surfaces - World - www.theage.com.au
		The Admiral Graf Spee's rangefinder is raised from the seabed.
		Divers have recovered a piece of the German battleship Admiral Graf Spee from its grave off the coast of Uruguay, more than 60 years after it was sunk by its captain to keep it from falling into enemy hands.
		The team is studying how to lighten the Graf Spee so it can raise the ship's hull, which is in two pieces, one 150 metres long, the other 30 metres.
	www.theage.com.au /articles/2004/02/26/1077676896334.html?from=storyrhs (344 words)

	Welcome to the WWII Victory Museum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		This was the Battle of the River Plate, a running battle between the German pocket battleship, Admiral Graf Spee, and the British cruisers Ajax, Exeter, and Achilles.
		These cruisers engaged Graf Spee in the Battle of the River Plate, and although they appeared to sustain greater damage than their foe, they forced Graf Spee into the neutral harbor of Montevideo, Uruguay for repairs early in the morning of December 14.
		It is painted in a tropical camouflage pattern and appears as Graf Spee appeared for its final voyage in 1939.
	www.wwiivictory.org /grafspee.html (620 words)

	Royal Australian Navy Gun Plot - Battle of the River Plate Sinking of Graf Spee
		Soon after dawn a German vessel was sighted, it proved to be the German pocket battleship “Admiral Graf Spee” which had been preying on Allied shipping in those waters, she immediately opened fire on “HMS Exeter,” and after one or two ineffectual salvos she scored a direct hit.
		On the evening of 17th December, the “Graf Spee” steamed out of the harbour, but not, as was expected, to seaward, where the British ships lay in wait, but towards the west.
		It was as well that we remained in blissful ignorance of this, and also to our advantage that the Captain of Graf Spee, badly concussed by gun blast, had apparently not fully recovered from the effects, or sufficiently to be able to give this order.
	www.gunplot.net /gunners/battleofriverplate.html (4326 words)

	The Graf Spee prisoners
		Tairoa was sunk by the Graf Spee, and that he was rescued by the captain of the Graf Spee and taken prisoner, together with all the rest of the Tiaroa's crew, he and many other prisoners stayed aboard the Graf Spee throughout the Battle of the river Plate.
		He was released along with all the other prisoners when the Graf Spee entered Montevideo for repairs, he then made his way back to the U.K. He took up a new merchant navy post as an engineer, and was sunk by U Boat action and died in 1942.
		In 2003 permission was given to raise the Graf Spee.
	www.grafspee.co.uk (1063 words)

	[No title]
		to force the Graf to sea; in fact, international law allows a combatant to enter a neutral port for naval repairs (not rearmament) but it must leave with 48 hours or be interned for the duration.
		The size of the Graf Spee was not limited by the washington limitation for cruiser.
		the Graf Spee had six 28 cm guns, the washington treaty limited the gun size for cruisers to 20,3 cm and 10 000 tons.
	www.strategypage.com /militaryforums/8-2149.aspx (1097 words)

	Graf Spee - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Graf Spee German battleship: see Spee, Maximilian, Graf von.
		A Mystery Solved: The Scuttling of the Admiral Graf Spee.
		Profile: Efforts to salvage the German warship Graf Spee off the coast of Uruguay
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-x-g1rafs1pee.html (275 words)

	Battle of the River Plate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Admiral Graf Spee had been at sea at the start of the Second World War in September 1939 and had sunk several merchantmen in the Indian Ocean and South Atlantic Ocean, without loss of life due to her captain's policy of taking all crews on board before sinking the victim.
		Admiral Graf Spee, despite having correctly identified Exeter, initially suspected that the two light cruisers were smaller destroyers and that the British ships were protecting a merchant convoy, the destruction of which would be a major prize.
		Prisoners taken from merchant ships by Admiral Graf Spee who had been transferred to her supply ship Altmark were freed by a boarding party from the British destroyer HMS Cossack, in the Altmark Incident (February 16, 1940) — whilst in Jøssingfjord, at the time neutral Norwegian waters.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_the_River_Plate (2498 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - Graf Spee
		So really the Graf Spee, the Admiral Scheer and the Deutschland/Lutzow should be a class of its own, but since its closer to a CA the developers stuck with that ;)
		Graf Spee, Deutschland (Luetzow), Admiral Scheer are so called Pocket Battleships.
		On the one hand they had the Firepower to engage any Heavy Cruiser in the World at a distance they are not able to fire back, because the 28 cm guns had a much longer range than the 20 cm CA guns.
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/printthread.php?t=214612 (435 words)

	The Battle of the River Plate
		The USS Salem starred as the German Pocket Battleship "Admiral Graf Spee" in the 1956 English movie, "The Battle of the River Plate" (http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0048990/).
		After being chased and damaged in a running sea battle with the British cruisers, HMS Ajax, HMNZS Achilles, and HMS Exeter in the South Atlantic off of Uruguay, the German sea raider, Graf Spee, under the command of Captain Hans Langsdorff, was forced to seek repairs.
		The Graf Spee made its way to the River Plate estuary (actual name, "Rio de la Plata", meaning 'Silver River' in English) and entered Montevideo harbor in neutral Uruguay where she sought repairs and sanctuary for her wounded sailors while the British ships waited in the estuary outside the harbor.
	www.willshak.com /salem/grafspee.html (443 words)

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