Gram-positive - Factbites

Gram-positive - Factbites
Where results make sense
About us | Why use us? | Reviews | PR | Contact us

Topic: Gram-positive

Note: these results are not from the primary (high quality) database.

In the News (Mon 4 Jun 12)

EXECUTIVE POWER

Iran

ANALYSIS

Pakistan

Family compact

	Learn more about Gram staining in the online encyclopedia.
		As a rule of thumb (which has exceptions), Gram-negative bacteria are more dangerous as disease organisms, because their outer membrane acts as "camouflage"; the human body does not contain peptidoglycan and in fact produces an enzyme called lysozyme which attacks the open peptidoglycan layer of Gram-positive bacteria.
		Gram staining is a method for staining samples of bacteria that differentiates between the two main types of bacterial cell wall.
		Gram negative bacteria have a thin cell wall made of a layer of peptidoglycan surrounded by an outer membrane containing lipids.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /g/gr/gram_staining.html

	Gram staining - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gram staining (or Gram's method) is an empirical method of differentiating bacterial species into two large groups based on the chemical and physical properties of their cell walls.
		Gram stains are performed on body fluid or biopsy when infection is suspected.
		The method is named after the inventor, the Danish scientist Hans Christian Gram (1853-1938), who developed the technique in 1884 to discriminate between pneumococci and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gram_staining

	AllRefer.com - Gram's stain (Biology, General) - Encyclopedia
		The Gram stain, named after its developer, Danish bacteriologist Christian Gram, has become an important tool in bacterial taxonomy, distinguishing between so-called gram-positive bacteria, which remain colored after the staining procedure, and gram-negative bacteria, which do not retain dye.
		Gram's stain, laboratory staining technique that distinguishes between two groups of bacteria by the identification of differences in the structure of their cell walls.
		In the staining technique, cells on a microscope slide are heat-fixed (killed) and stained with a basic dye, crystal violet, which stains all bacterial cells blue; then they are treated with an iodine-potassium iodide solution that allows the iodine to enter the cells and form a water-insoluble complex with the crystal violet dye.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/G/Gramssta.html

	gram_positive.html
		Bacteria that are gram-positive are stained dark blue or violet by Gram staining, in contrast to Gram-negative bacteria.
		The stain is caused by a higher amount of peptidoglycan in the cell wall, which typically lacks the secondary membrane and lipopolysaccharide layer found in other bacteria.
	www.informationgenius.com /encyclopedia/g/gr/gram_positive.html

	Bite Sized tutorials, the gram stain
		Gram's Stain is a widely used method of staining bacteria as an aid to their identification.
		The bacterial smear is then treated with Gram's solution which consists of 1 part iodine, 2 parts potassium iodide, and 300 parts water.
		Although it may seem strange, the reason why bacteria with these two major types of bacteria cell walls react differently with Gram's stain appears to be unconnected with the wall structure itself.
	www.ncl.ac.uk /dental/oralbiol/oralenv/tutorials/gramstain.htm

	Loyola Univ. Health Univ. Health Sys- Microbiology & Immunology: GRAM STAIN TECHNIQUE
		At lower concentrations, the Gram stain of a clinical specimen seldom reveals organisms even if the culture is positive.
		Appearance of the Gram positive coccus and Gram negative bacillus at different stages of the gram staining procedure are illustrated below:
		The Gram stain procedure was originally developed by the Danish physician Hans Christian Gram to differentiate pneumococci from Klebsiella pneumonia.
	www.meddean.luc.edu /lumen/DeptWebs/microbio/med/gram/tech.htm

	Infection Control Today - 09/2003: Gram-negative and Gram-positive Bacteria
		Gram positives may also be found there, but also can reside on mucous membranes such as mouth, vagina or the skin.
		In the lab, it is possible to distinguish between gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria by use of gram staining.
		Gram was a pharmacologist and pathologist fascinated by botany, which led him to the microscope and the beginnings of pharmacology.
	www.infectioncontroltoday.com /articles/391Clinical.html

	Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine: Gram-positive Neisseria meningitis
		Gram stain of the cerebrospinal fluid (Figure) was interpreted as gram-positive diplococci.
		Gram stain involves colorizing, decolorizing, and counterstaining bacterial organisms to sort them into grampositive (resists decolorization and retains primary dye) and gram-negative (decolorized and takes up counterstain) categories.
		These were compared with adjacent neutrophils, which appeared gram-negative, thus indicating proper Gram stain technique.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3725/is_199905/ai_n8831684

	Bacteria, gram positive bacilli
		Gram stains are the, "real world of clinical microbiology," and represent the routine view of what clinicians actually see of bacterial organisms.
		You'll want to visit: http://www.bact.wisc.edu/MicrotextBook/disease/anthrax.html where you can view both a gram stain and the original light micrographs taken by Dr Robert Koch of the anthrax bacillus which was the very first bacterium shown to be the agent of a disease in 1877.
		If the physician does not establish a rat bite in the patient's clinical history, a serendipitous finding of gram variable rods on gram stain which can not be cultured may or may not result in a specimen being sent to a specialized reference laboratory, where it may or may not be successfully identified.
	www.buddycom.com /bacteria/gpr.html

	Michael Caparon
		Research in my laboratory is directed at understanding the complex interactions that occur between pathogenic gram positive bacteria and their human hosts during infection.
		Positive transcriptional control of mry regulates virulence in the group A streptococcus.
		Perez-Casal, J., Caparon, M. and Scott, J. Mry, a trans -acting positive regulator of the M protein gene of Streptococcus pyogenes with similarity to the receptor proteins of two-component regulatory systems.
	www.microbiology.wustl.edu /dept/fac/caparon.html

	hec47.doc
		Anaerobes-General Comments: Obligate anaerobes include a wide array of Gram positive and Gram negative organisms that require an oxygen free environment for growth, can (but not always) be damaged by the presence of oxygen, but frequently survive in oxygen containing environments for extended periods of time.
		Important Gram positive anaerobes Clostridium species are the most dominant of the Gram positive anaerobes in disease causation.
		Gram-Negative Anaerobes Introduction Gram negative anaerobes are some of the most numerous organisms inhabiting the GI tract, oral cavity, and female genital tract.
	www.meddean.luc.edu /lumen/MedEd/mech/lectures/hec47.doc

	Gram Stain
		The Gram stain, which divides most clinically significant bacteria into two main groups, is the first step in bacterial identification.
		Purpose The Gram stain is the most commonly used differential stain for determining cell morphology.
		This is a gram stain of a Streptococcus bacteria.
	www.austincc.edu /microbugz/12gramstain.html

	Gram Stain
		In 1884, Hans Christian Gram, a Danish doctor working in Berlin, accidentally stumbled on a method which still forms the basis for the identification of bacteria.
		Gram didn't know - he simply worked empirically.
		We now know that the Gram reaction is based on the structure of the bacterial cell wall.
	www-micro.msb.le.ac.uk /Video/Gram.html

	Genome Biology Full text The ESAT-6 gene cluster of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other high G+C Gram-positive bacteria
		subtilis) that did not form part of a similar gene cluster were considered for the analyses, to exclude any potential unassociated similarity that could lead to false positives.
		The gene positions of members of families C, D, G and H are maintained in all five regions (see Figure 1), whereas most of the families that are not present in region 4 seem to be more flexible with regard to their position within the gene clusters (families A, B, I and L).
		Up to 12 different genes representing different gene families were identified in the five gene cluster regions and were designated families A to L according to their position in region 1 (Table 2).
	genomebiology.com /2001/2/10/research/0044

	Gram Stain Technique
		Gram-positive cells may become gram negative through mechanical damage, conversion to protoplasts, or aging, in which autolytic enzymes attack the walls.
		It is used to distinguish between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, which have distinct and consistent differences in their cell walls.
		In the Gram stain, the cells are first heat fixed and then stained with a basic dye, crystal violet, which is taken up in similar amounts by all bacteria.
	www.life.umd.edu /classroom/bsci424/LabMaterialsMethods/GramStain.htm

	Bacteria, gram-positive cocci
		If there is an area of clear or "beta," hemolysis, the possibility of the presence of group A organisms exists, although the same type of hemolysis pattern may also be exhibited by some other organisms such as some gram negative rods which may also be present.
		View a gram stain, such as it is, M.
		Streptococcus pneumoniae is a member of the Viridans group, so called because of green or, "alpha," hemolysis on sheep blood agar, causes lower respiratory infection pneumonia and upper respiratory infections bronchitis, laryngitis, otitis media (middle ear) and sinusitis.
	www.buddycom.com /bacteria/gpc.html

	flagella
		The walls of gram positive bacteria lack both outer layers, and in these species the L and P rings are also absent.
		Gram negative bacteria (such as E. coli and S. typhimurium) have 3 distinct surface layers: inner and outer phospholipid membranes, between which lies the rigid peptidoglycan cell wall.
		Between the hook and the motor there is a rigid drive shaft which rotates within molecular bearings located in the bacterial membranes: the L ring in the outer membrane and the P ring in the peptidoglycan layer.
	www.bmb.leeds.ac.uk /illingworth/motors/flagella.htm

	Bacterial colonies
		The Gram reaction is named after the Danish physician, Christian Gram, who developed this staining technique in 1884.
		Bacterial cells are dried onto a glass slide and stained with crystal violet, then washed briefly in water.
		However spirochaetes have a different type of motility from that of the common spiral bacteria.
	helios.bto.ed.ac.uk /bto/microbes/shape.htm

	InterPro: IPR001899 Surface protein from Gram-positive cocci, anchor region
		In addition some PROSITE signatures give false positives, which could result in a misleading taxonomy display.
		The number of hits is excessive, and includes many false positives.
		No significance is attached to the position of the node on a particular inner-circle, other than convenience, though some attempt has been made to group nodes.
	www.ebi.ac.uk /interpro/IEntry?ac=IPR001899

	Investigational Antibiotic May be a Weapon in War Against Resistant Bacteria
		Enrollment criteria for these patients included positive cultures for pathogens resistant to all clinically appropriate antibiotics but thought to be susceptible to Synercid, and signs and symptoms of infection.
		Moellering reported a clinical response rate (cure and improvement) of 73.8 percent in 195 clinically evaluable patients, and a bacteriologic response rate (pathogens eradicated and presumed eradicated) of 70.9 percent.
		Robert C. Moellering, M.D., Shields Warren-Mallinckrodt professor of medical research at Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, reported on the safety and efficacy of Synercid in severely ill patients -- such as those who have undergone organ transplantation, hematologic disorders, mechanical ventilation or dialysis.
	pslgroup.com /dg/2d70a.htm

	Gram-positive bacteria
		Bacteria may be differentiated using the Gram stain procedure.
	www.rockefeller.edu /vaf/grampos.htm

	ARS Publication request: The Ability of "low G+g Gram-Positive" Ruminal Bacteria to Resist Monensin and Counteract Potassium Depletion
		Technical Abstract: Gram-negative ruminal bacteria with an outer membrane are more generally resistant to the feed additive, monensin, than gram positive species, but some bacteria can adapt and increase their resistance.
		Research on monensin has the potential to identify other additives for cattle and to increase the efficiency of cattle production.
	ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=101896

	Gram-positive Mercury Resistance Genes in Gram-negative Oral Bacteria
		Methods: Those that were positive were screened using DNA-DNA hybridization, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), hybridization of the PCR product and selective sequencing of the PCR product to confirm the presence of the Gram-positive merA genes.
		We screened Gram-negative bacteria isolated from oral specimens collected from healthy children in the Casa Pia Schools, Lisbon, Portugal, for their ability to grow on 100-200 mM mercury and look for Gram-positive merA genes.
		Results: Eight Gram-negative genera, Citrobacter, Neisseria, Acinetobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, and Serratia were positive for Gram-positive merA genes.
	iadr.confex.com /iadr/2004Hawaii/techprogram/abstract_39742.htm

	Gram-negative - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bacteria that are Gram-negative are not stained dark blue or violet by Gram staining, in contrast to
		Two major subclassifications of Gram-negative bacteria are Gram-negative cocci and Gram-negative rods (bacilli), which they owe to their appearance under a microscope.
		The proteobacteria are a major group of Gram-negative bacteria, including for instance Escherichia coli,
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gram-negative

	Medmicro Chapter 2
		The principal surface layers are capsules and loose slime, the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria and the complex cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria, plasma (cytoplasmic) membranes, and mesosomal membrane vesicles, which arise from invaginations of the plasma membrane.
		There are two groups of bacteria that lack the protective cell wall peptidoglycan structure, the Mycoplasma species, one of which causes atypical pneumonia and some genitourinary tract infections and the L-forms, which originate from Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria and are so designated because of their discovery and description at the Lister Institute, London.
		Wall teichoic acids are found only in certain Gram-positive bacteria (such as staphylococci, streptococci, lactobacilli, and Bacillus spp); so far, they have not been found in gram- negative organisms.
	gsbs.utmb.edu /microbook/ch002.htm

	Gram staining - Articles and Information
		As a rule of thumb (which has exceptions), Gram-negative bacteria are more dangerous as disease organisms, because their outer membrane acts as "camouflage"; the human body does not contain peptidoglycan and in fact produces an enzyme called lysozyme which attacks the open peptidoglycan layer of Gram-positive bacteria.
		Gram-positive bacteria are also much more susceptible to penicillin.
		Gram staining is a method for staining samples of bacteria that differentiates between the two main types of bacterial cell wall.
	www.ezresult.com /article/Gram_staining

	HON Allergy Glossary Bacteria
		Gram-positive bacteria are rarer and treatable with penicillin.
		Bacteria are also generally classified into either gram-positive (blue) or gram-negative (pink) depending on their colour following a laboratory procedure called a Gram Stain.
		Gram-negative bacteria are characterised by having two outer membranes, which makes them more resistant to conventional treatment.
	www.hon.ch /Library/Theme/Allergy/Glossary/bacteria.html

	Clp-mediated proteolysis in Gram-positive bacteria is autoregulated by the stability of a repressor -- Krüger et al. 20 (4): 852 -- The EMBO Journal
		In non-stressed cells, the active CtsR dimer is positively influenced and stabilized by McsA, thereby repressing transcription of class III heat shock genes.
		The arrow symbolizes positive regulation, the cross symbolizes blocked degradation, an asterisk symbolizes modification, and a dashed line instability.
		ATPase, a member of the Hsp100 family, was identified as a positive
	embojournal.npgjournals.com /cgi/content/full/20/4/852

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)

Topic: Gram-positive

Ads by Google

Related Topics

In the News (Mon 4 Jun 12)