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Topic: Grammar

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	Grammar - MSN Encarta
		Grammar to the prescriptivist, historian, comparativist, functionalist, and descriptivist is then the organizational part of language—how speech is put together, how words and sentences are formed, and how messages are communicated.
		A structural grammar should describe what the Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure referred to by the French word langue—denoting the system underlying a particular language—that is, what members of a speech community speak and hear that will pass as acceptable grammar to other speakers and hearers of that language.
		His idea of grammar is that it is a device for producing the structure, not of langue (that is, not of a particular language), but of competence—the ability to produce and understand sentences in any and all languages.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761558783/Grammar.html (1609 words)

	grammar
		Grammar involves rules of phonology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics that are all internalized, usually by the age of 5.
		Grammar studies were considered a means of honing the mind and the classical trivium of grammar, rhetoric, and logic were considered the foundation of all knowledge and were prerequisites for later studies in theology, philosophy, and literature (Weaver 1996).
		In essence she asks “whose grammar are we teaching?” If the goal of grammar teaching (whether within the context of writing or not) is to help students speak and write the language of power, we must ask ourselves if this is a noble goal.
	www.msu.edu /user/patter90/grammar.htm (6384 words)

	Intensive English Institute
		Grammar books tend to make things fairly simple and there is some value in that.
		The "grammar safari" activities here are suggestions for "hunting" and "collecting" EXAMPLES of specific words as they are used in documents accessible to anyone on the Internet -- a vast, ever-growing, always up-to-date "corpus" of language ranging over an inexhaustible range of topics, geographic areas, and users.
		On the Grammar Safari search page you will find a list of possible starting points for searching for grammatical structures that can be found by looking for less common key words (use of specific words, transitions, etc.) These searches use search engines available on the WWW.
	www.iei.uiuc.edu /student_grammarsafari.html (503 words)

	JSpeech Grammar Format
		The JSpeech Grammar Format (JSGF) is a platform-independent, vendor-independent textual representation of grammars for use in speech recognition.
		Grammars are used by speech recognizers to determine what the recognizer should listen for, and so describe the utterances a user may say.
		If two or more imported rules have the same name and come from grammars with the same simple grammar name (but necessarily different package names), then a simple rule reference or qualified rule reference is ambiguous and is an error.
	www.w3.org /TR/jsgf (6106 words)

	Garbl's Online Grammar Guides--Punctuation too
		Grammar explanations, handouts for teachers and students, and interactive exercises.
		Grammar for Journalists--Kellee Weinhold, School of Journalism, University of Oregon.
		Handouts on grammar and English usage, more than 150 computer-graded quizzes, and recommendations on writing--from basic problems in subject-verb agreement and the use of articles to exercises in parallel structures and help with argumentative essays.
	home.comcast.net /~garbl/writing/grammar.htm (1481 words)

	Speech Recognition Grammar Specification Version 1.0
		The grammars are intended for use by speech recognizers and other grammar processors so that developers can specify the words and patterns of words to be listened for by a speech recognizer.
		Grammar authors should consider the possibility that a grammar will be used to interpret input in a non-speech recognition device.
		By default a grammar is a single language document with a language identifier provided in the language declaration in the grammar header (see Section 4.5).
	www.w3.org /TR/speech-grammar (11104 words)

	The Grammar
		Decoupling the scanner type from the rules that form a grammar allows the grammar to be used in different contexts possibly using different scanners.
		Like the rule, the grammar is also held by reference when it is placed in the right hand side of an EBNF expression.
		As a grammar becomes complicated, it is a good idea to group parts into logical modules.
	www.boost.org /libs/spirit/doc/grammar.html (1049 words)

	Grammar
		To help you with grammar issues, I have located some websites on the Internet that explain the rules that you may find useful to clean up those punctuation errors.
		The grammar section includes topics such as subject/verb agreement, who and whom, adjectives and adverbs, and misplaced modifiers.
		On Grammar Slammer, which is part of a website called The English Plus+ Web Site, you can find such information on broad grammatical topics such as Style and Usage, Capitalizing, Abbreviations, Punctuation, and Common Mistakes and Choices.
	matcmadison.edu /is/writingcenter/grammar.htm (589 words)

	Grammar Style refdesk.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Grammar Bytes - explanations, handouts for students and teachers, and interactive exercises.
		Grammar Now - "This is a free site dedicated to answering any grammar, composition, research or formatting question you might have.
		Grammars and Language Courses - This site by yourDictionary.com provides links to online grammars and language courses along with links to lesson plans and other resources for learning the languages.
	www.refdesk.com /factgram.html (1821 words)

	TJP German Grammar Help
		This is an ongoing project as an aid to help students at the University of Colorado in Denver understand the grammar intricacies of German.
		The ultimate aim of this project is to create a fairly comprehensive German reference grammar for speakers of English.
		Some of the grammar here is quite advanced, and if you have not already mastered some of the elementary priciples, then the advanced sheets will be of little or no help to you.
	carbon.cudenver.edu /~tphillip/grammar/grammar.html (384 words)

	Grammar
		Grammar Basics at Englishchick.com -- very basic lessons, but more for older students or as a reference for teachers
		Grammar Quizzes at the ESL Quiz Center -- a collection of on-line quizzes complete with evaluation -- not just for ESL students
		Grammar Quizzes found at The Internet TESL Journal's Self Study Quizzes for ESL Students -- another collection of on-line quizzes -- students click the answer button to see the correct answer
	www.kimskorner4teachertalk.com /grammar/menu.html (323 words)

	The Grammar Doctor Is In!
		The Grammar Doctor's Web site is a place where you can vent your spleen if you think the English language is going to hell in a handbasket.
		The writing tips are freebies, and your input on points of grammar and style you'd like to be covered is welcome.
		If you're interested in The Grammar Doctor's book on the English language, peruse the book section, "That's Just the Way It Is," for a few tantalizing samples.
	www.grammardoctor.com (340 words)

	Grammar
		Categorisation - this exercise introduces the vocabulary and grammar needed for the function of categorisation, and includes a short exercise to help you check that you understand.
		Cause and Effect - this exercise introduces the vocabulary and grammar needed to describe trends.
		BBC World Service Grammar and Vocabulary - explanations: Confusing words and expressions; Prefixes, suffixes, spelling and pronunciation; Determiners, nouns and pronouns; Adjectives and adverbs; Verbs and tenses; Modals and conditionals; Conjunctions and clauses; Prepositions and phrases; Learning and exam skills.
	elc.polyu.edu.hk /cill/grammar.htm (1261 words)

	Grammar
		It doesn't matter whether you've always spoken English, or if you grew up speaking another language, English grammar often poses many difficulties for many people.The important thing to remember is that grammar isn't something to learn just for its own sake (because who really cares about the definition of a nondefining relative clause?).
		Rather, grammar is necessary because it allows us to communicate more clearly.
		If you can master just a little bit of English grammar, the people you are speaking to, or the people who are reading what you've written, will be able to understand you better.
	www.monash.edu.au /lls/sif/Tutorials/Grammar/Preamble_Passives/Passive_menu/passive_menu.html (200 words)

	INDEX to the Guide to Grammar and Writing
		This index includes 427 references to both the Guide to Grammar and Writing and Principles of Composition.
		It does not, however, include references to the interactive Quizzes or to the Grammarlogs (posted responses to ASK GRAMMAR queries).
		The Guide to Grammar and Writing is sponsored by the Capital Community College Foundation, a nonprofit 501 c-3 organization that supports scholarships, faculty development, and curriculum innovation.
	grammar.ccc.commnet.edu /grammar/index2.htm (151 words)

	NCTE - Grammar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		"All native speakers of a language have more grammar in their heads than any grammar book will ever contain." Our job as teachers is to help our students discover this knowledge.
		This resolution was prompted by the continuing use of repetitive grammar drills and exercises in the teaching of English in many schools.
		Proposers pointed out that ample evidence from 50 years of research has shown the teaching of grammar in isolation does not lead to improvement in students' speaking and writing, and that in fact, it hinders development of students' oral and written language.
	www.ncte.org /collections/grammar (922 words)

	Link Grammar
		The Link Grammar Parser is a syntactic parser of English, based on link grammar, an original theory of English syntax.
		Experiment with the Link Grammar English-To-German Translator--a simple translation system which demonstrates one approach to using Link Grammar for translation.
		An introduction to link grammars and the Link Parser 4.0; detailed documentation of the current dictionary; documentation of the Link Parser API, for installing the link parser into your own programs.
	www.link.cs.cmu.edu /link (435 words)

	Grammar
		Grammar and Style - From the Writer's Handbook....information on 12 common errors in writing.
		Grammar Tips - "Grammar is an area far too broad to begin even a basic discussion here.
		Traditional Grammar - "A Grammar Interactive Book is a complete and free introduction to the basic syntactic structure of Modern English and the most common prescriptive errors in formal writing and how to avoid them."
	webtech.kennesaw.edu /jcheek4/grammar.htm (657 words)

	Internet Handbook of German Grammar
		The Duden Grammar is the continually evolving and generally accepted, comprehensive, standard grammar on which we base the Handbook.
		The German grammar's concepts and rules are actually presented here in the format of a self consistent construct, as distinguished from mere extensions of the English grammar.
		The grammar in our Internet Handbook is thus written for the international student and user of the German language who has a working knowledge of English, and command of sufficient German to understand the examples in the text.
	www.travlang.com /languages/german/ihgg (445 words)

	Guide to Grammar and Writing
		Charles developed The Guide to Grammar and Writing in 1996, originally to help his students write reports and research papers.
		The Guide to Grammar and Writing rapidly took on a life of its own, mushrooming into a wildly popular site, with upwards of 30,000 hits per day from all over the world.
		It was a labor of love for Charles and, when he retired in 2005, he continued working on it.
	grammar.ccc.commnet.edu /grammar (456 words)

	Parts of Speech_sites
		Click here for an index of other Skills Wise Grammar Activities.
		Grammar and Vocab Interactive Quizzes for ESL Students
		Several quizzes on grammar, idioms, punctuation, and other subjects.
	www.computerlab.kids.new.net /parts_of_speech_sites.htm (473 words)

	Grammar @Web English Teacher
		Jane Straus generously shares instruction in grammar, punctuation, and capitalization.
		Students produce original songs, dances, poems, skits or artwork to teach writing and grammar creatively and effectively.
		22 short films about grammar, sentence structure, and punctuation for older students and adult learners.
	www.webenglishteacher.com /grammar.html (532 words)

	JGram - The Japanese Grammar database
		View grammar entries in need of examples to get started.
		Use the "check grammar" button, and add your two cents to the debate in the comments.
		We are attempting to map all grammar entries to their respecitve JLPT level to assist you in your studies.
	www.jgram.org (286 words)

	Lynch, Guide to Grammar and Style
		prescriptive" grammars, which set out standards of "correct" and "incorrect" usage — grammars that usually insist correctness reigned in the good old days, whereas we've been on the road to hell ever since.
		Professional linguists are adamant that the language isn't "declining," and that many usages censured by self-styled grammarians are in fact perfectly reasonable, whether on historical grounds, logical grounds, or both.
		In my more sanguine moods, I wonder whether hell isn't such a bad place to be after all.) I know, too, that many things offered as "good" grammar or style have little basis in history or in logic.
	andromeda.rutgers.edu /~jlynch/Writing (1371 words)

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