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Topic: Grammatical modifier

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	Glossary of Grammatical Terms
		a word that serves as a modifier of a noun to denote a quality of the thing named, to indicate its quantity or extent, or to specify a thing as distinct from something else.
		a word serving as a modifier of a verb, an adjective, another adverb, a preposition, a phrase, a clause, or a sentence, and expressing some relation of manner or quality, place, time, degree, number, cause, opposition, affirmation, or denial.
		a grammatical construction in which two typically adjacent nouns referring to the same person or thing stand in the same syntactical relation to the rest of a sentence.
	www.cs.cf.ac.uk /fun/welsh/Glossary.html (2316 words)

	Grammatical modifier - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An adjective is not actually required but helps modify and limit the extent of the meaning of a noun or pronoun, while an adverb helps modify a verb in a similar way.
		The adjective "green" in "a green tree" modifies and thus limits the meaning of the noun "a tree" in that it cannot be "a deciduous tree in winter", as the adverb "kindly" modifies the past tense of the verb "let" in "she kindly let me borrow her scissors".
		Another way of defining a modifier is that it, the adjective or adverb, is more dependent on the part of the sentence it modifies, namely the noun or verb.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Grammatical_modifier (323 words)

	Sentence diagram - tScholars.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In linguistics, a sentence diagram is a pictorial representation of the grammatical structure of a natural-language sentence.
		Modifiers of the subject, verb, or object are placed below the base line.
		Prepositional phrases are also placed beneath the word they modify; the preposition goes on a slanted line and the slanted line leads to a horizontal line on which the object of the preposition is placed.
	www.tscholars.com /encyclopedia/Sentence_diagram (524 words)

	Five Grammatical Errors That Make You Look Dumb \| Copyblogger
		Both bloggers and copywriters routinely end sentences with prepositions, dangle a modifier in a purely technical sense, or make liberal use of the ellipsis when an EM dash is the correct choice—all in order to write in the way people actually speak.
		While we all hope that what we have to say is more important than some silly grammatical error, the truth is that some people will not subscribe or link to your blog if you make dumb mistakes when you write, and buying from you will be out of the question.
		Ending a sentence with a preposition may not be a grammatical error, speaking strictly, but good style requires alternatives be found in most cases.
	www.copyblogger.com /5-common-mistakes-that-make-you-look-dumb (9698 words)

	Croft Abstracts
		The distribution of grammatical units (GUs) across intonation units (IUs) is analyzed in a corpus of 2072 intonation units of Wardaman monologic oral narrative (Merlan 1994), and compared to a previously published study of English (Croft 1995) and several other languages.
		Grammatical constructions can impose a conceptualization on experience; but examples of grammaticalization demonstrate that constructions themselves change their meaning, which should be interpreted as certain prototypical conceptual structures asserting themselves over the conceptualization imposed by the source construction.
		Essentially, grammatical and semantic idiosyncrasies are evidence for excluding the more general models; but grammatical and semantic generality is not a priori evidence for exluding the more speciifc models.
	www.unm.edu /~wcroft/WACabst.html (14162 words)

	HLW: Sentences: Constituency
		Just as an adjective can modify a noun by narrowing down the category of things to those with a particular attribute, a phrase such as behind me can narrow down the category of things to those members of the category that are in a particular location.
		Within the NP the phrase who got fired behaves like a modifier; it narrows down the category of things designated to members who got fired (that is, who are the patients of a firing event).
		For compositionality to work, there should be a grammatical rule for each of these roles that specifies how the meaning of the whole phrase depends on that role.
	www.iub.edu /~hlw/Sentences/constituency.html (2540 words)

	5 Embarrassing Grammatical Mistakes - MSN Encarta
		The grammatical errors on his Web site--a spelling error and a missing comma--were another story, though.
		As peanut butter gives life and meaning to bread, this modifying phrase enhances the meaning of the sentence.
		But--just as peanut butter doesn't turn bread into a waffle--a modifier doesn't change the form of the verb.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/features/columns/?article=embarrassinggrammar (1392 words)

	Grammatical Terms
		Case refers to the grammatical function of a nounal.
		A nounal used as the direct object of a transitive verb is said to be in the accusative case.
		A word serving as a modifier of a verb, an adjective, another adverb, a preposition, a phrase, a clause, or a sentence, and expressing some relation of manner or quality, place, time, degree, number, cause, opposition, affirmation, or denial.
	hebrew4christians.com /Grammar/Grammatical_Terms/grammatical_terms.html (1134 words)

	Grammatical modifier -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The word modifier applies to either the (A word that expresses an attribute of something) adjective or the (A word that modifies something other than a noun) adverb in a sentence.
		In ((chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight) compound nouns, the first of the two words so combined functions as a modifier, such as "elementary" in "elementary school", "mountain" in "mountain bike", etc.
		See also: (A word or phrase apparently modifying an unintended word because of its placement in a sentence: e.g., `when young' in `when young, circuses appeal to all of us') Dangling modifier
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/G/Gr/Grammatical_modifier.htm (241 words)

	Business Leader - June 2000 - T3 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Grammatical blunders can distract, confuse, and even annoy your reader, but more importantly, any grammatical error-large or small-can diminish the credibility of both you and your company, not to mention create potential liability.
		A modifier is misplaced when a phrase, clause, or word is placed too far from the noun or pronoun it describes, as in the two ads above.
		For misplaced constructions, move the modifier as close as possible to the word or phrase it is describing.
	www.businessleader.com /bl/jun00/t3.html (1241 words)

	Syntax Summary
		Although syntax is a traditional grammatical topic, it was only with the rise of formal methods growing out of the study of mathematical logic that the subject attained sufficient explicitness to be studied in depth, in works by Zelig Harris (1957) and Noam Chomsky (1957).
		Carnap distinguished between grammatical syntax, of the sort that a linguist might give in a description of a language, and logical syntax, whose aim was not only to specify the class of sentences (or well-formed formulas of a calculus) but also to use formal methods in constructing a theory of logical consequence and logical truth.
		A modern approach to combining accurate descriptions of the grammatical patterns of language with their function in context is that of systemic functional grammar, an approach originally developed by Michael A.K. Halliday in the 1960s and now pursued actively on all continents.
	www.bookrags.com /Syntax (3159 words)

	Grammatical Errors Frequently Made By Students
		Misuse of Semicolon: semicolons are used to join two things of equal grammatical weight, such as two independent clauses.
		Dangling Modifier--Dangling modifiers are similar to misplaced modifiers in that this is yet another with placement of a modifying phrase in a sentence.
		However, while a misplaced modifiers is not located next to the phrase in the sentence it modifies, a dangling modifier has nothing in the sentence that is properly modifies.
	www.lsu.edu /faculty/jpullia/commongrammaticalerrors.htm (714 words)

	Computer Case Mod (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Modifying a computer in any non-standard way is considered a case mod.
		Modified computers are often found at LAN parties where their owners display them.
		This functional design was often called a ''beige box'' Although this served the purpose of containing the components of a personal computer, as time wore on, many users found their computers to be "tacky" or "dull" due to the lack of originality in the case design.
	www.wwwtln.com /finance/48/computer-case-mod.html (1147 words)

	adverb
		An adverb is a part of speech that normally serves to modify verbs, adjectives, other adverbs, clauses, and sentences.
		The verb that it modifies is shown in italics.
		The adjective it modifies is shown in italics.
	www.fact-library.com /adverb.html (446 words)

	EnglishGrammaticalRelations (Stanford JavaNLP API) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A temporal modifier of a VP is any constituent that serves to modify the meaning of the VP by specifying a time; a temporal modifier of a clause is an temporal modifier of the VP which is the predicate of that clause.
		A relative clause modifier of a NP is a relative clause modifying the NP.
		A participial modifier of an NP or VP is a VP[part] that serves to modify the meaning of the NP or NP.
	nlp.stanford.edu /nlp/javadoc/javanlp/edu/stanford/nlp/trees/EnglishGrammaticalRelations.html (1332 words)

	HLW: Sentences (Printer-Friendly, Part 2)
		It's just what we expect from compositionality: language-specific grammatical conventions specify how the meaning of a phrase is derived from the meanings of the words or phrases that make up the phrase.
		A compositional solution to the problem is one that says that the meaning of a sentence is some combination (specified in a grammatical convention) of the meanings of the verb and the other constituents of the sentence.
		The grammatical case for the direct object in most (but not all) languages is called the accusative case (abbreviated acc).
	www.indiana.edu /~hlw/Sentences/pf2.html (9571 words)

	Grammatical Building Blocks
		adverb modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.
		phrase is a word group not including a subject and a verb but functioning as a grammatical unit.
		absolute phrase, typically consisting of a noun and a participial phrase, modifies a clause or sentence.
	www.uvm.edu /~scandiot/Eng_001_Grammatical_Building_Blocks.html (320 words)

	Linguistic Terms
		At first, a simplified or otherwise modified form of the language of the dominant group comes to be used for communication between members of the different groups.
		n : a phrase formed by a noun and all its modifiers and determiners; broadly: any syntactic element (as a clause, clitic, pronoun, or zero element) with a noun's function (as the subject of a verb or the object of a verb or preposition).
		adj and n : asserting that the grammatical subject of a verb is subjected to or affected by the action represented by that verb.
	www.orbilat.com /General_References/Linguistic_Terms.html (6488 words)

	Grammar of English -- Chapter 9
		From Florida in (10b) modifies the head (tells you where from), but follows the head and is therefore sometimes called the postmodifier.
		For instance, in (24) of physics is sister to N and is therefore the complement, whereas from England is not a sister to N and is therefore the modifier.
		Thus, the adverbial of the VP is called modifier in the AdjP, AdvP and NP, and the different kinds of objects in the VP are not differentiated and just called complements in the AdjP, PP, and NP.
	www.public.asu.edu /~gelderen/314text/chap9.htm (2419 words)

	Writing English - Proofreading and Copyediting Services
		ADVERB A word or clause that typically describes or modifies a verb (He ate noisily), but can also modify an adjective (She is extremely short) or another adverb (He sang exceptionally poorly).
		MODIFIER A word or phrase that is used to restrict or limit the meaning of another word or phrase.
		NEGATIVE A modifying word or expression that is used to assert that something is not true (e.g., he will not leave, the cat appears to be unhappy, she never asked for assistance, he scarcely had enough money for bus fare).
	www.writingenglish.com /glossary.htm (7298 words)

	Rhodes Writing Center: Dangling Modifiers (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A dangling modifier is a modifier that cannot be attached to any word in the sentence.
		The element it is supposed to modify (or explain /describe) either does not appear in the sentence or appears in the wrong grammatical form.
		Often a dangling modifier consists of a prepositional phrase or a verb phrase at the beginning of a sentence.
	www.rhodes.edu /writingcenter/group_b/dangling_modifiers.html (130 words)

	qualifier \| English \| Dictionary & Translation by Babylon
		In grammar, a modifier or qualifier is a word that modifies another word, a phrase, or a clause.
		A modifier phrase is a phrase that acts as a modifier; English has adjective phrases and adverb phrases.
		Neither modifiers nor modifier phrases are usually required by a clause's syntax; they are optional, and help modify or limit the extent of the meaning of the word or phrase they modify.
	www.babylon.com /definition/qualifier (171 words)

	Glossary
		Sounds produced by restricting and then releasing the flow of air in three ways: vibrating the vocal cords, changing the part of the anatomy which restricts the air flow, and changing the extent to which the air flow is restricted.
		The meanings of the words in frame sentences may have to be adjusted in some cases (as long as the parts of speech remain the same) in order to produce sentences with meanings that we would actually intend.
		A grammatical form which is incorrect in Standard English that has been produced by a speaker attempting to correct a perceived grammatical error.
	www.csun.edu /~sk36711/WWW2/engl302/glossary.htm (3342 words)

	Language Log: Don't Dangle Your Participles in Public
		The rest have modifiers of other types -- six prepositional phrases, one infinitival, one relative clause, one reduced comparative -- plus one pronominal reference example that involves modifiers only because the pronoun is inside one, though this example does superficially resemble classic dangling-modifier cases.
		Modifiers should be close to the word they purport to modify." These statements culled from newspapers and magazines demonstrate what happens when a writer dangles his or her participles in public:"
		The short answer is that the "by"-phrase modifies a whole VP and that putting it after the VP is locating it next to the thing it modifies.
	itre.cis.upenn.edu /~myl/languagelog/archives/001174.html (2968 words)

	Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: )
		demonstrative adjective a grammatical modifier of a noun that points to a particular person or thing in order to separate it from the persons or things of the same kind with which it is associated.
		deponent a grammatical term (meaning displaced or laid aside) designating a middle or passive verb form of which it is thought the corresponding active forms have been laid aside during the course of the development of the language.
		object as a grammatical term, the noun or noun equivalent toward which the action in a verb is directed; also the word that a preposition governs.
	www.biblecentre.net /nt/greek/alex/glo.htm (6363 words)

	Syntax2 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In the case of (9c) and (10c), the modifier is not moved as we have seen in the sentence (6a) and (6b).
		In those sentences, note that the modifier exactly is not placed at the specifier position of CP as it is placed after the head of the CP, that.
		It cannot explain why the modifier should appear at the specifier position of the intermediate CP and why the rule is optional.
	www8.ocn.ne.jp /~y-koba/syn2mid.htm (3231 words)

	Lexicon of Linguistics (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Sproat defines his Mapping Principle in such a way that [[un [grammatical]] ity] can be rebracketed as [un [[grammatical] ity]], since morphological principles such as level ordering demand it.
		Grammatical element which is neither an °argument nor a °predicate, but which modifies another element or phrase (e.g.
		a term which refers to the smallest component of a word that (a) seems to contribute some sort of meaning, or a grammatical function to the word to which it belongs, and (b) cannot itself be decomposed into smaller morphemes.
	www.u-grenoble3.fr /lebarbe/Linguistic_Lexicon/ll_m.html (3790 words)

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