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	Calumet River - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The name "Calumet" refers to the calumet, an elaborate pipe that served as a universal sign of peace among the Illiniwek, and which was presented to Pere Marquette in 1673.
		The Calumet River, on the south side of Chicago, originally simply drained Lake Calumet to Lake Michigan.
		The Grand Calumet River, originating in the east end of Gary, Indiana, flows 13 miles (21 km) through the cities of Gary, East Chicago and Hammond.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Grand_Calumet_River (1351 words)

	HighBeam Encyclopedia - Grand River (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		It is the longest river in the state and is navigable to the city of Grand Rapids, which grew there because of the availability of waterpower.
		Amphibians and reptiles of the Grand Calumet River basin.
		The unionid mussel fauna of northeastern Ohio's Grand River (1).
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/G/GrandRiUS.asp (422 words)

	Great Lakes Areas of Concern: Eighteenmile Creek
		The Grand Calumet River, originating in the east end of Gary, Indiana, flows 13 miles (21 km) through the heavily industrialized cities of Gary, East Chicago and Hammond.
		The Grand Calumet River and Indiana Harbor and Canal contain 5 to 10 million cubic yards (3.9 to 7.7 million cubic meters) of contaminated sediment up to 20 feet (6 m) deep.
		Grand Calumet River: Science in the Area of Concern Symposium, held at Indiana Univeristy Northwest - March 30, 2001.
	www.epa.gov /glnpo/aoc/grandcal.html (2628 words)

	The Calumet Region - Ecology
		The bi-state Calumet region is part of the Chicago/Calumet Lacustrine Plain ecological region which extends 112 kilometers from Winnetka, Illinois, to 13 miles northeast of the state line of Michigan in a crescent shape.
		In the Lake Calumet Area, most of the existing wetlands are clustered along the eastern shore of Lake Calumet and along the Little Calumet and Grand Calumet Rivers.
		Calumet Ecological Park Association (CEPA) and the Lake Calumet Study Committee have been urging the creation of a Calumet Ecological National Park for some time, including the Lake Calumet Area, with links by rivershed and lake corridors to the Indiana National Lakeshore and the Cal-Sag Channel to the Illinois and Michigan Canal.
	www.lincolnnet.net /reports/calumet/ecology.html (4345 words)

	Grand Calumet River
		The Grand Calumet River is a tributary to Lake Michigan in northwest Indiana.
		The total river watershed area is approximately 25 square miles, and is located within Lake and Porter counties.
		The river has been highly modified, channelized and deepened; it is connected to Lake Michigan by a man-made canal.
	www.glc.org /tributary/models/calumet.html (245 words)

	Lake Calumet - National Heritage Area
		Although the upper Calumet River is heavily industrialized there remain many open spaces along the river, and the lower section is largely open space and undeveloped.
		The area north of the junction of the Grand Calumet and Little Calumet rivers is navigable and an important commercial and recreational waterway.
		Corridor F: Grand Calumet River Corridor (Indiana): is a 4,460 acre riverine corridor terminating on the east at the Marquette Lagoons in Gary's Marquette Park.
	illinois.sierraclub.org /calumet/park (1136 words)

	Calumet Rivers/Cal-Sag Channel Paddling/Fishing Page
		The Calumet Rivers were created much later as the ice age ended and glacial melt reshaped the land.
		Slowly, the mouth of the Grand Calumet near Miller Indiana filled with sand due to lack of flow, and the flow of the river changed forever, traveling backwards to the lower channel near Wolf Lake.
		This is one of the worst polluted rivers in Illinois according to the IEPA.
	pages.ripco.net /~jwn/calumet.html (2851 words)

	Calumet City :: Illinois
		Calumet City residents that live near the Little Calumet River may be in a Special Flood Hazard Area.
		During the kind of flooding that happens in Calumet City, there is usually more damage to the furniture and contents than there is to the structure.
		Every lot in Calumet City was originally designed so water would flow away from the building and along property lines to the street, storm sewer, or ditch.
	www.calumetcity.org /floodinfo.html (2502 words)

	Chicago River Paddling/Fishing
		The shifting of the Grand Calumet River mouth in 1804 eliminated that area as a portage, leaving the longer Green Bay, and St. Joe routes, or the shorter Chicago Portage.
		Stoney Creek was reversed and used as the Calumet Feeder Canal in 1848 due to a financial crisis on the IandM Canal.
		One area of the river that was interesting paddling thru was down near where the South Fork narrowed (on the map it's the area that is 19 feet deep).
	pages.ripco.net /~jwn/chicago.html (3229 words)

	Scharf Manuscript - Michigan City Road
		South of the river the road follows the ridge running southeast and at a distance of one mile the village of Dolton is reached.
		This sandridge at Dolton coming from the southeast is continued by high ground along the river to Blue Island where in the days of the Indian, trail P crossed the river at the rapids, at 135th St. The water here Mr Periam says was only two and a half feet deep.
		The location of the Indian mound on the sandridge is given by Johnathan Periam as east of the Calumet river at 130rd St between the river and the original track of the Illinois Central Railroad.
	www.adena.com /adena/scharf/michigancity.htm (865 words)

	USX/Proposed Grand Calumet River Cleanup Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		During the course of the company's operations, the sediments of the Grand Calumet River became contaminated with a number of pollutants.
		The Grand Calumet River is a heavily industrialized river which has been severely affected by human and industrial activity over the last century.
		Using a hydraulic dredge minimizes resuspension (sediments that are disturbed on the bottom of the river and land elsewhere in the water channel), but it pulls up a large amount of water with the sediments.
	www.savedunes.org /html/usx1.html (2317 words)

	Polluting Companies Agree to Restore Indiana Waterway
		The Grand Calumet River, Indiana Harbor Canal and Indiana Harbor are part of the Lake Michigan ecosystem, and the riverside and upland habitats associated with these waters, including lands within the boundaries of the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore are also affected by the contamination.
		The Grand Calumet River, originating in the east end of Gary, Indiana, flows 13 miles (21 kilometers) through the industrialized cities of Gary, East Chicago and Hammond.
		The Grand Calumet River and Indiana Harbor and Canal contain five to 10 million cubic yards (3.9 to 7.7 million cubic meters) of contaminated sediment up to 20 feet (6 m) deep.
	www.ens-newswire.com /ens/aug2004/2004-08-23-03.asp (1112 words)

	Lake Calumet - Past & Future
		Known for their abundant wildlife, the Calumet marshes were the heart of one vast wet prairie system spanning roughly 22,500 acres in Illinois.
		In 1893, the commander of the Army Corps of Engineers indicated that, "keeping the Grand Calumet River channel clear was a fruitless exercise because it "filled up rapidly by slaughterhouse refuse and filth from manufacturing establishments and solid matter from the sewage poured into the dead stream.
		The scenery in the Calumet region is filled with opposing images of environmental neglect and survival.
	illinois.sierraclub.org /calumet/past (1537 words)

	Northwest Indiana News: nwitimes.com
		The Grand Calumet River should be a regional asset, not a liability.
		The Grand Calumet Feasibility Study -- a partnership between the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the Indiana Department of Environmental Management and the Indiana Department of Natural Resources -- will evaluate ways to clean up, restore and preserve a 15 1/2-mile stretch of the river.
		The easternmost five miles of the river, which is being cleaned up by U.S. Steel, isn't part of the study.
	www.thetimesonline.com /articles/2005/05/10/opinion/times_editorials/f63e9fcbddb909b486256ffc007ec809.txt (598 words)

	#450: 09-17-96 - Lanmark Settlement to Spur Grand Calument River Cleanup (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The Grand Calumet River is one of the country's most polluted rivers.
		Contaminated sewage sediments in some parts of the River reach a depth of sixteen feet and the river appears to "boil" due to methane bubbles caused by rotting material on the river bottom.
		This settlement, which follows several others reached with corporations along the East branch of the Grand Calumet, is the result of years of cooperation between federal and state officials.
	www.usdoj.gov /opa/pr/1996/Sept96/450enr.htm (549 words)

	Suspended Sediment in the Indiana Harbor Canal and the Grand Calumet River, Northwestern Indiana, May 1996-June 1998
		Four suspended-sediment samples were collected from the Grand Calumet River at Gary and at Hammond for determination of the percentage of organic material.
		The concentrations of suspended sediment determined for samples collected from the Indiana Harbor Canal and from the Grand Calumet River are less than concentrations of suspended sediment in samples collected from other streams in northwestern Indiana and in other parts of the State.
		Loads of suspended sediment for the Grand Calumet River at Gary and at Hammond were estimated by use of the rating-curve method.
	in.water.usgs.gov /newreports/abstracts/rennharbor-abs.html (582 words)

	Amazon.com: Along the Calumet River (Images of America: Illinois) (Images of America): Books: Cynthia L. Ogorek (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Once known as the Callimink River by the area’s Potawatomi Indians, the Calumet River has been home to swimmers and fishermen, steamboats and canoes, and shipyards and factories for generations.
		She is the former president and founder of the Calumet City Historical Society, and a member of the American Association of State and Local History, South Suburban Heritage Association, Calumet Heritage Partnership, Kankakee Valley Historical Society, and Calumet Ecological Park Association.
		The pre-history of the Calumet River is mostly about seasons and weather, because the information we have leads us to believe that the early river people lived according to the seasons.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0738533440?v=glance (977 words)

	U.S. Steel Announces Grand Calumet River Project; Will Spend $30 Million on Sediment Remediation
		The company also announced that it will fund post-remediation monitoring of the Grand Calumet and that it will convey certain parcels of land in the area for public recreational purposes.
		The Grand Calumet project represents the latest in a long series of investments and programs at Gary Works in line with that commitment to clean air and clean water in Northwest Indiana," Wilhelm said.
		As part of the Grand Calumet remediation agreement, U.S. Steel will convey for public use five parcels totaling 246 acres for natural resources and habitat purposes.
	www.prnewswire.com /cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=105&STORY=/www/story/08-06-1998/0000727301 (605 words)

	Tot flies out SUV window into river
		GARY, Ind. - Rescuers searched the Grand Calumet River Thursday for a 2-year-old girl who flew out a car window and plunged 40 feet into the water when her mother lost control of her SUV.
		Keisha Bethley said she was driving behind the SUV driven by the girl's mother, Jacqueline Greene, when she saw it strike a retaining wall of a toll road ramp over the river.
		A man who drove up after the accident ran down the bank, jumped in the river and tried to reach the baby, but the current was too swift, Bethley said.
	www.azcentral.com /arizonarepublic/news/articles/0729RiverSearch29.html (220 words)

	Scharf Manuscript - Calumet Marshes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Of the two canoe routes to lake Michigan the shortest one and the one mostly used in later days led from the Desplaines river at the Summit by a portage of less than nine miles into the Chicago river.
		It should be noted here that the portage landing at 134th St is half a mile northeast of the Calumet Junction, also that any place mentioned near the Calumet river or lake is a distance from the water line, to-day.
		The Grand Calumet river in this distance was not used by the early canoe man but avoided as a dangerous cane-brake lined with bullrushes and tall grasses, where the river bed could not be located, there being no river banks, rightly described by Mr Hagar as a "new formed river."
	www.adena.com /adena/scharf/calumet.htm (270 words)

	Hammond Motor Boat club - 1913 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The Hammond Motor Boat Club was a proud and vibrant organization during the early part of the twentieth century.
		The clubhouse building was located along the shore of the Grand Calumet River, just west of Calumet Avenue.
		Many boat houses belonging to club members were also situated along the banks of the river there as well.
	www.hammondindiana.com /20thcentury/time_capsule50.htm (332 words)

	Mercury in the Grand Calumet River/Indiana Harbor Canal and Lake Michigan, Lake County, Indiana, August 2001 and May ...
		Water samples from the Grand Calumet River/Indiana Harbor Canal and Lake Michigan in Lake County, Indiana, were collected and analyzed for mercury.
		The largest total mercury concentrations were in samples collected from the West Branch Grand Calumet River near wetlands and municipal-effluent outfalls (17.2 nanograms per liter) and in samples collected from the Indiana Harbor Canal near the confluence of the East Branch and West Branch Grand Calumet River (16.0 nanograms per liter).
		The estimated composition of most of the suspended solids in the water samples from the Grand Calumet River/ Indiana Harbor Canal was sediment larger than medium clay containing minimal organic carbon and plant matter.
	pubs.usgs.gov /sir/2005/5034 (1076 words)

	Coalition Announces Grand Calumet and Indiana Harbor Settlement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The agreement, which should expedite work on the area's natural resources and habitats, settles a natural resources damages claim brought by the state of Indiana and two federal agencies against companies whose operations had allegedly had an adverse effect on the area's environment.
		The properties, which are located on or near the East Branch of the Grand Calumet River, are considered critical habitats for local flora and fauna.
		In 2002, U.S. Steel began removing non-native sediment from the initial five-mile segment of the East Branch of the Grand Calumet River.
	www.steelnews.com /04/aug49.htm (559 words)

	Grand River, rivers, United States
		River, 260 mi (418 km) long, rising in S Mich. and flowing N to Lansing, then NW to Lake Michigan at Grand Haven.
		River, rising in SW N.Dak. and flowing 209 mi (336 km) SE through S.Dak. to the Missouri River near Mobridge.
		Cultural landscapes and traditional cultural properties: a southern paiute view of the Grand Canyon and Colorado River.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/us/A0821536.html (205 words)

	ATSDR - PHA - U.S. SMELTER AND LEAD REFINERY, INC, (a/k/a USS LEAD REFINERY INC.), EAST CHICAGO, LAKE COUNTY, INDIANA
		The Indiana Harbor Belt Railroad is to the north of the site, the east-west toll road, and the east branch of the Grand Calumet River to the south, Kennedy Avenue to the east, and Indiana Harbor Canal to the west.
		Land use in the immediate area is predominantly industrial; a DuPont Plant is located to the west, across Kennedy Avenue, and a tank farm is to the south, across the Grand Calumet River.
		The Grand Calumet River and Indiana Harbor, into which the river drains, are not fished.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /HAC/pha/uss/uss_p1.html (1593 words)

	#358: 08-06-98 - USX SETTLES FEDERAL, STATE ENVIRONMENTAL CLAIMS
		Washington, DC -- USX Corporation, the nation's largest steel maker, has agreed to settle federal and state environmental claims for illegally discharging wastewater from its Gary, Indiana plant into the Grand Calumet River, announced the U.S. Departments of Justice, the Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Department of Interior and the State of Indiana today.
		"The cleanup of this stretch of the Grand Calumet River will be a crucial step in the revitalization of the river corridor," said David A. Ullrich, Acting EPA Regional Administrator.
		As part of the clean up, USX must restore 32 acres of wetlands next to the river and construct a disposal facility for contaminated sediments, including PCB's, from the river.
	www.usdoj.gov /opa/pr/1998/August/358enr.html (853 words)

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