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Topic: Grand Principality

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	Grand Duke - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Grand Duke is the usual and established translation of Grand Prince in languages which do not have separate words meaning prince for (1) children of a monarch, and (2) monarch (sovereign or like) princes.
		Grand Prince Ivan IV of Muscovy was apparently the last monarch to rule without any higher title, until he assumed the style Tsar of Russia in 1547.
		From 1328 the Velikii Kniaz of Muscovy appeared as the Grand Duke for "all of Russia" until Ivan IV of Russia in 1547 was crowned as Tsar.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Grand_Duke (1253 words)

	Grand Prince - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		However, a grand prince was usually only primus inter pares within a dynasty, other princes of the dynasty were approximately as much entitled to succession as the current ruler (for example, succession was through agnatic seniority or rotation), and often other members of the dynasty ruled some constituent parts of the monarchy/ country.
		From 1328 the Grand Prince of Muscovy appeared as the titular head of all of Russia and slowly centralized power until Ivan IV was crowned as Tsar in 1547.
		The title Grand Prince (which in many of those lands already was in later grand princely epochs awarded simultaneously to several rulers in the more expanded dynasty) continued as a courtesy title for all or several members of the dynasty, such as the Grand Duke of Russia in Russia's imperial era.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Grand_Prince (996 words)

	Grand Duchy of Finland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Grand Duchy of Finland was the predecessor state of modern Finland that existed in her territory 1809–1917 as part of the Russian Empire.
		For the foundation of the Grand Duchy as an entity with relatively greater autonomy within the Russian realm, and for the regain of the so called Old Finland, that was lost to Russia in the previous century, the Finland-born Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt, councillor to the emperor, was instrumental.
		The Russian Emperor ruled as the Grand Duke of Finland and was represented in Finland by the Governor-General of Finland.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Finland (774 words)

	Monaco Grand Prix Monte Carlo F1 Hotels & Monaco GP tickets - Grand Prix Tours (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Monaco Grand Prix counted toward the European Championship from 1936 to 1939 (although the race was cancelled in 1938).
		The Principality of Monaco is a city state and the second-smallest country in the world (after the Vatican City), located between the Mediterranean Sea and France along the French Riviera or Côte d'Azur (The Blue Coast).
		The principality's local affairs are directed by the Communal Council, which consists of 15 elected members and is presided over by the Mayor.
	www.gptours.com /new/race.php/id/6051/Monaco-Grand-Prix (2484 words)

	Grand Prince: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The grand duchy of lithuania (lithuanian: lietuvos didioji kunigaiktyst, belarusian:...
		Grand duke of finland, more correctly grand prince of finland, (finnish: suomen suuriruhtinas, swedish: storfürstfurste av finland) was a title in...
		The title Grand Prince (which in many of those lands already was in later grand princely epochs awarded simultaneously to several rulers in the more expanded dynasty) continued as a courtesy title for all or several members of the dynasty, EHandler: no quick summary.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/g/gr/grand_prince.htm (3084 words)

	RAMBAUD ON THE RISE OF REGIONALISM IN THE APPANAGE PERIOD--THE NORTHEAST
		AFTER the fall of the grand principality of Kief, Russia ceased to have a centre round which her whole mass could gravitate.
		Her life seemed to be withdrawn to her extremities ; and during the fifty four years which preceded the arrival of the Mongols, all the interest of Russian history is concentrated on the principality of Souzdal, on that of Galitch, and on the two republics of Novgorod and Pskof.
		At the same time that he robbed Kief of the grand principality, he would have deprived her of the religious supremacy of Russia, and given his new city the spiritual as well as the temporal power.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/Ramapp2.html (2780 words)

	HUNGARY - LoveToKnow Article on HUNGARY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Besides the Hansg, the other principal marshes are the Shrrt, which covers a considerable portion of the counties of Jhsz-Kun-Szolnok, Bks and Bihar; the Escedi Lap in the county of Szatmr; the Szernye near Munkhcs, and the Alibunhr in the county of Toront,l.
		The principal salt-mines are in Transylvania at Torda, Parajd, Desakna and Mars-Ujvr; and in Hungary at Szlatina, Rnazsk and Sugatag.
		The principal facilities granted by the state are, exemption of taxation for a determined period of years, reduced railway fares for the goods manufactured, placing of government contracts, the grant of subsidies and loans and the foundation of industrial schools for the training of engineers and of skilled workmen.
	3.1911encyclopedia.org /H/HU/HUNGARY.htm (19543 words)

	RAMBAUD ON THE KIEVAN RUS' IN THE APPANAGE PERIOD--UNITY IN DIVISION
		Her principal towns were Riazan, Mourom, Peréiaslavl-Riazanski, situated on the Oka, Kolomna at the junction of the Moskowa with the Oka, and the Pronsk on the Prona.
		The double principalities of Souzdal, with their towns of Souzdal, Rostof, Iourief-PoIski on the Kolocha, Vladimir on the Kliazma, Iaroslavl, and Peréiaslavl-Zaliesski, were situated on the Volga and the Oka amongst the thickest of northern forests, and in the middle of the Finnish tribes of Mouromians, Merians, Vesses, and Tcheremisses.
		The principalities of Smolensk, Tchernigof, and Riazan have never possessed as definite an historic existence as the duchy of Bretagne or the county of Toulouse in France, or the duchies of Saxony, Suabia, and Bavaria in Germany.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/Ramapp1.html (4624 words)

	History of Belarus Short Overvie
		At the end of the 10th century, the Principality of Turau, with its center in the town of Turau, was formed.
		Periodically both the Principality of Polatsk and the Principality of Turau, as many other Belarusian territories, were subjected to the authority of the Princes of Kiev but, as the process of feudal fragmentation started, they got rid of Kiev's rule.
		The failures of the Grand Ducal army, one of which was the capture of Polatsk by Russians, resulted in the establishment of the Ljublin Union, according to which a new federative state was formed-the Rzeczpospolita-with a joint ruler, who was elected by the nobility (shljahta) and the Sejm (the Parliament).
	www.belarusembassy.org /belarus/short_overview.htm (3499 words)

	Minor Russian States (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		It became a Grand Principality from 1246 (in personal union with Dmitrov from 1249), a Principality within the Muscovite orbit in 1334, and a sub-Principality under Moscow in 1389.
		It was a grand principality in the 13th century, after which it came under Vladimiran rule.
		A sub-Principality under Vladimir in the late 12th century, it was a Grand Principality 1212-302, within the Tatar orbit.
	www.hostkingdom.net /minoruss.html (1084 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - Principal Court of Ryazan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In the words of historian D.I. Ilovaisky, "The Pereslavl-Ryazanski principality is the most warlike and restive branch of the house of Rurik." The Russians who began settling the right bank of the Oka in the 10th century were faced with the onslaught of nomadic cattle-herding tribes that repeatedly invaded the forests from the south.
		Article II: The Grand Princes of Tver, Vladimir-Suzdal and Perseslavl-Ryzansky recognize all claims and colonies of Pskov-Novgorod to be legitmate by the Grace of God and renounce the unjust claims of servant Moscovy to the Kipchak Khanate as unfounded and without meaning.
		Czarina Mina Andreyevna Polotovskaya, Grand Princess of Pskov-Novgorod and Tver
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/showthread.php?t=171353 (7960 words)

	EARLY COINAGE OF MOSCOW
		A principality consisted of a major city and the lands and smaller cities surrounding and dependent upon that city.
		First to "Grand Prince of all Russia" and then to "Sovereign of all the Russian lands." Ivan III was the first Russian ruler to call himself tsar but the title does not appear on his coins.
		In 1417 Vasili I's eldest son Ivan died and the Grand Princely title was to pass to the infant Vasili II.
	www.chicagocoinclub.org /projects/PiN/ecm.html (4149 words)

	H.S.H. Prince Rainier III
		The Principality remains a third party State with regard to the European Union, and thus also with regard to the process of monetary union which has led to the creation of a "Euro Zone".
		The principal missions of this Intergovernmental Consultative and Technical organization are to co-ordinate national hydrographic activities, to ensure the greatest uniformity possible in nautical charts and documents, and to promote progress in sciences in these fields.
		Thus, on the 195 hectares of the Principality, with a residential population of 32,000, art in all its forms has chosen to live and flourish : for the pleasure of one and all, resident or visitor, as well as for the international promotion of Monaco.
	www.palais.mc /wwwpal.nsf/0/fb5e0f7673e944b2c1256fd000638c23!OpenDocument&ExpandSection=1,2 (7598 words)

	H.S.H. Prince Rainier III
		May 9, 1949, Prince Rainier III succeeded from his grand father, Prince Louis II (five years earlier, on May 30, 1944, the Crown Princess Charlotte, daughter of Prince Louis II, duly authorised by the Sovereign Prince, renounced in favour of her son, the hereditary title and the succession to the throne of Monaco).
		The sovereignty and independence of the Principality have been entirely confirmed by the International Community, with the admission of Monaco as the 183rd member state of the United Nations on May 28, 1993.
		The Principality has diplomatic representations in a number of European countries: France, Germany, Belgium, Italy, Spain, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Switzerland, the Holy See and Liechtenstein, as well as a permanents delegations at the United Nations in New York, and Geneva, with the European Union in Brussels and at the Council of Europe in Strasbourg.
	www.palais.mc /wwwpal.nsf/c952eb3d974fc430c1256a1200532846/4a93d13ca1aae80ac1256ba400558819!OpenDocument (1052 words)

	Treaty of Thornley
		Principality of Corumburg hereby recognizes The Grand Duchy of Thornly as a sovereign, independent and democratic state under International Law for all intents and purposes.
		Principality of Corumburg shall be free to take such measures as it shall deem expedient to maintain diplomatic relations between itself and the Grand Duchy of Thornly.
		Principality of Corumburg hereby affirms that it will not attack or invade the Grand Duchy of Thornly, or otherwise violate the territorial integrity or national sovereignty of the same, or harm the person or interests of any citizen of the same.
	www.members.tripod.com /corumburg/id37.htm (363 words)

	TRANSVERSE RIB - LoveToKnow Article on TRANSVERSE RIB
		Erdily; Rumanian, Ardeal), a former principality (Grossfurstentum) occupying the extreme eastern portion of the kingdom of Hungary.
		The principal occupations of the inhabitants are agriculture, cattle-rearing and mining.
		The efforts of the Rumanian inhabitants to secure recognition as a fourth nation, and the opposition of the non-Magyar population to a closer union with Hungary, led to troubles early in the I9th century, culminating in 1848.
	1911encyclopedia.org /T/TR/TRANSVERSE_RIB.htm (1690 words)

	Russia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		A Principality within Muscovy 1334-1389; from 1389 Dmitrov was ruled by princes from Moscow branch of Rurikovich dynasty as a sub-Principality until 1533.
		A Principality within the orbit of Kiev from 1134, it became a Grand Principality from 1212.
		Always a Grand Principality, at first it was a possession of an intermediate line of Rostovian Rurikoviches but then it was inherited by a junior line of Smolenian princes, descendants of Gr.
	www.hostkingdom.net /russia.html (2046 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - - ARCHIVE - Ducal Court of Pskov
		Grand Duke Alexsandr IV of Pskov, we are always eager to trade with our neighbours, and we gladly increase trade and have agreements with Pskov for one small cost.
		Grand Principality of Pskov as assosiate with WHU swears to acquire same benefits for WHU as for Pskov in any future enterprises.
		Aleksandr IV, Grand Prince of Pskov, Prince of Novgorod and of Olonets, heir to Rurik and protector of the west.
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/printthread.php?t=66647 (1951 words)

	BELINTOURIST :: Travel Guide To Belarus
		The Principality of Polotsk came to the apex of its might and power under the rule of Prince Vseslav Charodey.
		Periodically both the Principality of Polotsk and the Principality of Turov, as many other Belarusian territories, were subjected to the authority of the Princes of Kiev but, as the process of feudal fragmentation started, they got rid of Kiev's rule.
		During the wars of 1492–1522 the Principality of Moscow conquered a number of eastern territories, among which were some territories of the Grand Duchy.
	www.belintourist.by /travel_en.phtml?topic=shorthistory (3482 words)

	Radvilos Family (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In the XVI century in Lithuanian Grand Principality there arose the Radvilas family.
		He headed the delegation of Lithuanian Grand Principality at the Diet of Lublin and refused to sign the union treaty (1569).
		During negotiations with Poland he demanded that the grand prince resided in Lithuania, did not accept the union project and considered it worse than death.
	ldmuziejus.mch.mii.lt /Muziejusirpadaliniai/Radvilos.en.htm (1680 words)

	[No title]
		No Grand Prince was ever powerful enough to impose upon them a Prince they did not want, and no Prince strong enough to oppose the will of the people; every act of his requiring the sanction of their _posadnik_, a high official--and every decision subject to reversal by the _Vetche_, the popular assembly.
		The Grand Principality was a ruin; its fourteen towns were burned, and when, in the absence of its Grand Prince, Vladimir the capital city fell, the Princesses and all the families of the nobles took refuge in the cathedral and perished in the general conflagration (1238).
		Monomakh and his son George Dolgoruki, the last Grand Prince of Kief, were both men of commanding character and abilities; and it will be remembered that it was Andrew Bogoliubski, the son of George (or Yuri), who effected the revolution which transferred the Grand Principality from Kief to Suzdal in the bleak North.
	www.gutenberg.org /dirs/1/6/9/3/16930/16930.txt (20859 words)

	Moscow Oblast (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		For the duck see Muscovy Duck History-of-Russia Muscovy (Moscow principality to Grand Duchy of Moscow to Russian Tsardom was the predecessor of the Russian Empire and the successor of Kievan Rus in its northern lands.
		In the 15th century, the grand princes of Muscovy began gathering Russian lands to increase the population and wealth under their rule.
		Various semi-independent princes of Rurik dynasty stock still claimed specific territories, but Ivan III forced the lesser princes to acknowledge the grand prince of Muscovy and his descendants as unquestioned rulers with control over military, judicial, and foreign affairs.
	read-and-go.hopto.org /Moscow-Oblast (3604 words)

	Critical Hit - The Empire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Elector: Grand Prince Karl-Franz I Holswig-Schliestein (age 35) who is also, of course, the Emperor and sovereign of the Empire; named heir is Prince Wolfgang Holswig-Abenauer, his sister’s eldest son.
		In the 1st century the first Grand Theogonist, Johan Helstrum, laid the foundations for this sacred building as well as heralding the beginning of a new cult, which would eventually supplant most of the others.
		The order is led by the Hochmeister (Grand Master) Heinrich II von Sangershausen and he cuts a very influential figure through Altdorf society (for more information about the Knights of the Fiery Heart see www.criticalhit.co.uk/wfrp).
	www.criticalhit.co.uk /content/view/94/52/1/10 (5081 words)

	Encyclopedia Corviniana - G to L (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Minister of Public Health and Safety is entrusted with the administration and licensing of medical practitioners within Corvinia, and with advising the Prince on health and safety.
		The Ministry of Education advises the Prince on matters concerning the education of Corvinia's citizens, both inside and outside of the Principality's borders.
		The duties of the Prosecutor-General are to ensure that offenders against the laws of the land are brought to the attention of the Prince, so that they may be duly punished.
	www.corvinia.org /minedu/enc-cor/ec-gl.html (1110 words)

	Critical Hit - The Empire
		Its capital is the town of Wolfenburg, which lies at the easternmost tip of the Middle Mountains, and is ruled by the von Tassenincks.
		Grand Prince Hals von Tasseninck knows full well that the head of the von Raukovs, Count Valmir, has designs on his electoral position.
		But Hals has stopped any ideas of waging war in his own kingdom because the economic costs would be unbearable and a war unsustainable, even though the von Raukovs are less powerful than the von Tassenincks it is not known how much support they actually have in Ostland and amongst the military.
	www.criticalhit.co.uk /content/view/94/52/1/9 (476 words)

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