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Topic: Grasshopper Sparrow

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	Grasshopper Sparrow (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Grazing on arid grasslands in Arizona tends to exclude Grasshopper Sparrows (Bock and Webb 1984).
		Grasshopper sparrows nest in every Ohio county, but their relative abundance varies considerably across the state; highest densities occur in the western and central counties (Peterjohn and Rice 1991).
		Grasshopper sparrows normally return to breeding grounds in Ohio during late April and early May. First clutches are generally laid during the last half of May and early June.
	www.ctbirding.org /grasshopper_sparrow_data.htm (3630 words)

	Colorado Partners in Flight
		Grasshopper Sparrows require some areas of bare ground since they forage on the ground; however, it is unclear how much they need, as studies have described bare ground cover in territories as ranging from 2% to 34%.
		Grasshopper Sparrow populations usually respond negatively to grazing or burning in areas where grasses are already comparatively short and sparse (Saab et al.
		Grasshopper Sparrows were present on an average of 70.98% (SE = 1.88) of the BBS routes run in Physiographic Area 36 in Colorado during 1988-1997, at an average abundance of 21.05 (SE = 1.31) individuals per route.
	www.rmbo.org /pif/bcp/phy36/grasland/grsp.htm (654 words)

	Birds, Familiar: Grasshopper Sparrow, Life Histories of North American Birds, A.C. Bent
		The grasshopper sparrow is a grassland bird, most plentiful in managed grasslands and absent from fields with 35 percent of the area in shrubs.
		The young Henslow's sparrow with relatively unstreaked breast may be confused with the adult grasshopper sparrow, but the distinctly chestnut wings of Henslow's sparrow separates this species at all ages from the grasshopper sparrow.
		Among the predators of the grasshopper sparrow are the skunk (Mephitis mephitis), weasels, spermophiles (Citellus spp.), foxes, and cats.
	home.bluemarble.net /~pqn/ch91-100/grassparrow.html (7173 words)

	Effects of Management Practices on Grassland Birds: Grasshopper Sparrow
		Grasshopper Sparrows prefer grasslands of intermediate height and are often associated with clumped vegetation interspersed with patches of bare ground (Bent 1968, Blankespoor 1980, Vickery 1996).
		Grasshopper Sparrows arrive on the breeding grounds in mid-April and depart for the wintering grounds in mid-September (George 1952, Bent 1968, Smith 1968, Harrison 1974, Stewart 1975, Laubach 1984, Vickery 1996).
		Grasshopper Sparrows nested in tallgrass prairie hay meadows in eastern Kansas (Jensen 1999).
	www.npwrc.usgs.gov /resource/literatr/grasbird/grsp/grsp.htm (7161 words)

	Eve Day and Lara Stauner
		According to the Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, the grasshopper sparrow prefers grasslands of intermediate vegetative height "interspersed with patches of bare ground." Several other habitat requirements are grounds with moderate litter layers and sparse woody vegetation.
		According to the Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, grasshopper sparrows respond well to mowing prior to their arrival in spring, and this may be preferable to burning (Dechant et al 2001).
		Both the Grasshopper sparrow and the Vesper sparrow have traditionally inhabited all of Wisconsin, but their populations have been reduced to the point that they are considered rare in the Northern Highlands/Lake Superior Lowlands region (Sample 1997).
	www.uwrf.edu /~ed29/wildbiotemp.htm (6234 words)

	Management Plan
		Grasshopper sparrows are area sensitive and prefer large grassland areas approximately 10 to 30 ha or larger in size.
		Grasshopper Sparrows frequently renest after nest failure, and if unsuccessful in previous attempts, may renest 3-4 times during the breeding season (Vickery 1996).They build the nest cup with grass stems and blades on the ground in a hollow so that the rim of the nest is level with the ground.
		Grasshopper sparrow density was significantly higher on uplands in the study years.
	www.uwrf.edu /~justin.b.sykora/Management_Plan.htm (4507 words)

	Grasshopper Sparrow
		Habitat: Grasshopper sparrow is a characteristic breeding species of lightly to moderately grazed upland native prairie.
		Grasshopper sparrow is a fairly common to common nesting species in shortgrass prairie and sandhill prairie in western Kansas (Rising 1974).
		The complete absence of grasshopper sparrow from any habitat supporting wooded vegetation suggests that this species is not able to adapt positively to great alteration in the structure of prairie vegetation.
	www.npwrc.usgs.gov /resource/birds/platte/species/ammosava.htm (668 words)

	Western Riverside County MSHCP
		It is likely that the grasshopper sparrow is more numerous within the planning area within suitable habitat, but has not been reported due to the lack of focused surveys, its difficulty to detect and the low sensitivity of the species.
		Grasshopper sparrows in California breed (and primarily apparently winter) on slopes and mesas containing grasslands of varying compositions (Grinnell and Miller 1944; Garrett and Dunn 1981).
		Grasshopper sparrows use a variety of forb species for perches and choose them predominantly on the basis of their height rather than the specific plant species (Payne, et al.
	ecoregion.ucr.edu /full.asp?sp_num=62 (2544 words)

	FLORIDA GRASSHOPPER SPARROW, Ammodramus savannarum floridanu , U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		According to Nicholson (1936), the Florida grasshopper sparrow uses the open spaces where saw palmetto are small (25 to 4O centimeters high) and grass is sparse.
		REASONS FOR CURRENT STATUS: The principal reason for the decline of the grasshopper sparrow, and the greatest threat to its continued survival, is habitat loss or degradation resulting from conversion of native vegetation to improved pasture.
		Overcollecting is apparently not a factor affecting the grasshopper sparrow, but there is a potential for adverse impact if isolated pairs are collected, or if scientific collection is conducted at locations where numbers are small.
	www.fws.gov /endangered/i/b/sab6c.html (1026 words)

	Grasshopper Sparrow Species Account - Florida Breeding Bird Atlas
		Florida Grasshopper Sparrow nests are located on the ground at the base of saw palmetto or clumps of grass (Nicholson 1936).
		The Florida Grasshopper Sparrow is a nonmigratory race endemic to the south-central prairie region of the state.
		Florida Grasshopper Sparrow breeding locations not indicated on the Atlas map were found 11 km (7 miles) southeast of Basinger (Okeechobee County) and 24 km (15 miles) southeast of Arcadia (Desoto County) (Delany 1996).
	wld.fwc.state.fl.us /bba/GRSP.htm (583 words)

	Grasshopper Sparrow Habitat Model
		Grasshopper sparrows reach the northern extent of their breeding range in Massachusetts and the southern regions of Maine and New Hampshire (Shriver et al.
		Grasshopper sparrows are vulnerable to early mowing of fields, while light grazing, infrequent and post-season burning or mowing can be beneficial (Vickery 1996).
		The taller grass cover is beneficial to grasshopper sparrows and less attractive to roosting by gulls or crows, both of which are a hazard to aircraft.
	www.fws.gov /r5gomp/gom/habitatstudy/metadata/grasshopper_sparrow_model.htm (992 words)

	Grassland Birds \| Mass Audubon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Grasshopper sparrows, small inconspicuous birds known for their buzzy, grasshopper-like song, are becoming increasingly rare in the Northeast.
		Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, grasshopper sparrows now breed at only a few scattered locations in the Northeast, mostly at airports, military bases, large blueberry barrens, and coastal heathlands on islands off Massachusetts.
		Grasshopper sparrows favor a variety of management applications, such as burning and grazing, to maintain short, sparse vegetation while still providing some cover for nests and protection.
	www.massaudubon.org /Birds_&_Beyond/grassland/species.php?id=2 (258 words)

	BISON Species Account 041846 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		NEW MEXICO 1997: In New Mexico, the Arizona grasshopper sparrow is known to breed only in the southern Animas Valley and the western Playas Valley, both locales are on the privately-owned Gray Ranch in Hidalgo County.
		NEW MEXICO Since 1977, populations of Arizona grasshopper sparrows have been found summering on and in the vicinity of the Gray Ranch in the southwestern part of the state -- which is key habitat for this subspecies.
		ARIZONA Grasshopper sparrows have been seen during the Spring, Summer, Fall, and Winter; though their abundance is common at the Coronado National Memorial NP (NPS,1985) 31.
	www.fw.vt.edu /fishex/nmex_main/species/041846.htm (2600 words)

	All About Birds
		Grasshopper Sparrow parents prepare grasshoppers to feed to the nestlings by shaking off each pair of legs in turn.
		Henslow's Sparrow has a streaked chest, an olive nape, and two stripes on the lower face.
		LeConte's Sparrow has a broad, bright buff-orange eyebrow stripe, gray cheek patch, streaks on the chest, and white median crown stripe.
	www.birds.cornell.edu /programs/AllAboutBirds/BirdGuide/Grasshopper_Sparrow_dtl.html (332 words)

	Texas Ornithological Society
		The male Grasshopper Sparrow's lesser coverts had orange coloration on them that was more visible when the bird extended his wings outward.
		Grasshopper Sparrow: (15) 29 May (Colin Bludau), various in SW part of county, Karnes County [breeding confirmed].
		Harris's Sparrow: (2) 9 and 11 April; (1) 16 April; (2) 21 April; (2) 23-25 April (Mary Ann Grahmann), Chadwick-Hogan Road just south of Chappell Hill, Washington County [rare this late in the season; the latest prior record was 19 April; recorded on video].
	www.texasbirds.org /2001_spring/2001_spring_r6_tanagers.html (756 words)

	endangered animals - reports (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		They knew that grasshopper sparrow was going to make a trip there very soon because winter was coming.
		So grasshopper sparrow decided that to save his family he was going to build his nest up high with his new friend.
		Grasshopper Sparrows are endangered because of animals eating their eggs.
	www.tenan.vuurwerk.nl /reports/goodwin/goodgras.htm (316 words)

	Section 1: Species account outline
		Grasshopper sparrows winter south of California to northern South America and in the Greater Antilles (Ehrlich 1988).
		The average number of grasshopper sparrows likely to fledge from a parasitized nest is lower than that for a non-parasitized nest (2.0 versus 2.5 in Hill 1976, Johnson and Temple 1986 in Johnson and Temple 1990).
		Wiens, J.A. "Egg-dumping" by the Grasshopper Sparrow in a Savannah Sparrow nest.
	www.prbo.org /calpif/htmldocs/species/grassland/grspacct.html (4011 words)

	Grasshopper Sparrow (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Grasshopper Sparrow is a rather uncommon or at least a seldom-observed winter resident in Louisiana.
		It is the only one of the "grass sparrows" (that is, sparrows that are habitual denizens of dense stands of grass) with a plain breast.
		It is, however, the easiest of the grass sparrows to chase to a perch in a hedgerow or a thicket on a woods border.
	losbird.org /labirds/grsp.htm (220 words)

	ASNH Research - Rare Species Monitoring in 2002
		Historically, Grasshopper Sparrows were more widespread to the north and west of this current distribution, including records up the Connecticut River Valley and in the Lakes Region.
		Grasshopper Sparrows prefer weedy fields that are dominated by bunch grasses and scattered low shrubs.
		Grasshopper Sparrows were only detected once at the Pease Airfield, when one or two birds were heard singing in mid-July.
	www.nhaudubon.org /research/02rare.htm (1628 words)

	Grasshopper Sparrow (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Grasshopper Sparrows prefer medium height grasses such as unmown hayfields and lightly-grazed pastures for breeding (Peterjohn and Rice 1991).
		Grasshopper Sparrows are most readily-detected by their buzzy insect-like songs.
		Grasshopper Sparrows arrive in their Missouri breeding areas during late April (Robbins and Easterla 1992).
	www.conservation.state.mo.us /nathis/birds/birdatlas/maintext/0400259.htm (410 words)

	The BirdWeb - Species Description (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Grasshopper Sparrow is an inconspicuous grassland sparrow with a short tail and a proportionally large, flat head.
		Grasshopper Sparrows may be a species of successional habitats, moving in after a fire for a few years until the brush gets too thick again, then moving on.
		Grasshopper Sparrows are fairly selective about habitat, but range from common to uncommon in grasslands throughout much of eastern Washington.
	www.birdweb.org /birdweb/species.asp?id=415 (894 words)

	Grasshopper sparrow Species account
		Grasshopper Sparrows are widespread occupants of grassland habitats across North America.
		Along BBS routes, Grasshopper Sparrows remain most numerous on the Great Plains from North Dakota south to Kansas and the Texas panhandle area, and eastward into portions of Missouri and Iowa (Relative Abundance Map).
		Except when the males are singing, Grasshopper Sparrows tend to be very secretive and spend most of their time skulking through grassy cover.
	www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov /bbs/grass/grspsa.htm (580 words)

	Endangered Species Bulletin: The Low-down on Grasshopper Sparrow Nests - Brief Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Florida grasshopper sparrow is endemic to the south-central prairie region of the state, and was listed as endangered because of its restricted distribution, loss of habitat, and population decline.
		Grasshopper sparrows usually approach the nest on the ground, and low vegetation density near the nest would facilitate access.
		The sparrow seems responsive to habitat restoration, and the creation of additional nesting habitat near breeding locations may allow some populations to expand.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0ASV/is_5_25/ai_72682092 (804 words)

	Digital Art 2004: Florida Grasshopper Sparrow
		Comments: The Florida Grasshopper Sparrow is a subspecies of the Grasshopper Sparrow and can be identified by it’s darker, almost fl, streaks of its head and darker tail feathers.
		The sparrow builds it’s nest on the ground with a canopy of grass and leaves.
		The majority of remaining sparrows live on a 5,000 acre (not used) parcel on the Avon Park United States Air Force bombing range.
	www.empken.com /art/dag158.html (160 words)

	A Hybrid Grasshopper Sparrow X Savannah Sparrow
		An indication of the close relationship between distinctive types among the grass- land nesting sparrows is a hybrid between the Grasshopper Sparrow (passerculus sandwichends) and the Savannah Sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum) I collected at the north end of Lago Texcoco, Valley of Mexico, 19 July 1957.
		No Grasshopper Sparrow specimens have been taken from the Valley of Mexico during the breeding season, and the present hybrid is the first indication of such a population.
		Thus while the area was highly suitable for Savannah Sparrows, most of the lusher grasses and sedges had already disappeared and one would not have expected Grasshopper Sparrows in the area.
	elibrary.unm.edu /sora/Auk/v085n02/p0312-p0315.html (1789 words)

	eNature.com Nature Guides
		As soon as a weedy field becomes overgrown or trees have filled in an abandoned pasture, the Grasshopper Sparrow no longer uses the site for breeding.
		When flushed, this sparrow flies a short distance and drops out of sight, into tall grass.
		A small, chunky grassland sparrow with clear buff breast and scaly-looking, dark rufous upperparts.
	www.enature.com /flashcard/show_flash_card.asp?recordNumber=BD0543 (119 words)

	CT DEP: Grasshopper Sparrow Fact Sheet
		The head appears flat and the crown is dark, with a pale central stripe.
		Grasshopper sparrows winter from South Carolina to Florida, west to southern Arizona and extending south to Mexico and Central America.
		Although the species remained locally abundant until the 1930s, populations have declined steadily since, and the bird is now only found in a few locations statewide.
	dep.state.ct.us /burnatr/wildlife/factshts/gsparrow.htm (574 words)

	House Sparrows by Steve Eno
		The House Sparrow, actually the Weaver Finch, which is the subject of all the "sparrow controversy," should not be confused with any of our numerous native sparrows such as the Grasshopper Sparrow, Chipping Sparrow, Song Sparrow, etc. In fact, the House Sparrow and the Eurasian Tree Sparrow, are the only non-native sparrows in North America.
		The young sparrows fledge after 15 to 17 days in the nest, and since house sparrows are non-migratory, they never wander too far from their place of birth.
		Although constant monitoring will guarantee that no sparrows fledge from your trail, be aware that you run the risk of antagonizing the house sparrow which would send him on a rampage, destroying bluebird nests, and killing nestlings and adult bluebirds in other boxes on your trail.
	audubon-omaha.org /bbbox/ban/hsbyse.htm (4489 words)

	Grasshopper Sparrow ID Tips
		The Baird's Sparrow is similar in shape to the Grasshopper Sparrow but has streaks across the breast.
		Juvenile Grasshopper Sparrows have streaked breasts and can be separated by their whitish, not yellow, crown stripe and lack of dark streaks on the side of the throat.
		Other sparrows likely to be found in field habitats have longer tails and smaller heads as well as different markings (Song, Vesper, Savannah, Field, for example).
	www.nenature.com /IDTips/grasshopper-sparrow-idtips.htm (114 words)

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