Graves Basedow disease

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Topic: Graves Basedow disease

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	Joint Program in Nuclear Medicine
		Graves' disease is characterized by the association of thyrotoxicosis, diffuse goiter, infiltrative ophthalmopathy and occasionally infiltrative dermopathy.
		Graves' disease has been estimated to occur in 0.4% of the population of the United States with a lifetime risk of 1%.
		The association of thyrotoxicosis and bilateral ophthalmopathy is pathognomonic of Graves' disease.
	www.med.harvard.edu /JPNM/TF94_95/Sept13/WriteUpSept13.html (1766 words)

	Graves’ disease
		Graves’ disease is the most common causes of hyperthyroidism.
		Prognosis: For most people, Graves’ disease responds well to treatment, but lifelong observation by a health care professional is important because of possible serious complications associated with the disease.
		Other disorders of the endocrine system may be present in people with Graves’ disease.
	www.rwjobgyn.com /Atoz/Encyclopedia/article/000358.asp (641 words)

	~Graves Basedow Disease~Info On Thyroid, Pituitary Gland And Thyroidism~Graves Basedow Disease~
		Graves-Basedow Disease Graves-Basedow disease (or Graves' disease) is a disorder characterized by a triad of hyperthyroidism, goitre, and exophthalmos (bulging eyeballs).
		Graves' disease, also known in Europe as von Basedow's disease, is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism.
		Graves' Disease Symptoms-4u Graves' disease: a common form of hyperthyroidism characterized by goiter and often a slight protrusion of the eyeballs, called also Basedow's disease, exophthalmic goiter...
	www.thyroidorg.com /GravesDisease2/gravesbasedowdisease (1485 words)

	THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 2, Ch. 8, Thyroid Disorders
		Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism, is an autoimmune disease, and has a chronic course with remissions and relapses.
		Graves' disease (and Hashimoto's thyroiditis) is sometimes associated with other autoimmune disorders, including insulindependent diabetes mellitus, vitiligo, premature graying of hair, pernicious anemia, collagen diseases, and polyglandular deficiency syndrome.
		Graves' disease is characterized by hyperthyroidism and one or more of the following: goiter, exophthalmos, and pretibial myxedema.
	www.merck.com /mrkshared/mmanual/section2/chapter8/8d.jsp (3268 words)

	Early American Manual Therapy
		Basedow (1840) claimed to have first described the disease, but the priority of Graves is now universally known.Angina Pectoris, described by Heberden in 1768, is considered by many as caused by the sympathetic nerves, especially the three cervical ganglia and the cardiac plexuses.
		Addison's disease is placed by some in the field of the sympathetic.
		The above authors discuss in a very instructive method the various diseases of the sympathetic and attempt to establish, as far as possible, the physiologic, anatomic and pathologic limits of the domain of the sympathetic nerves.
	www.meridianinstitute.com /eamt/files/robinson/Rob1ch1.htm (6576 words)

	Graves’ disease / Basedow’s disease - Thyroid gland disorders - Department of Surgery - Canton Hospital St.Gallen
		The situation with Graves’ disease (known in Switzerland and elsewhere as Basedow’s disease) is similar to that with autonomous nodular goitres.
		Hyperthyroidism with auto-immune disorder — Basedow’s / Graves’ disease
		Graves’ disease produces symptoms both of thyroid gland enlargement and of hyperthyroidism.
	www.surgery.ch /en?ID=2303015 (464 words)

	eMedicine - Graves Disease : Article by Sai-Ching Jim Yeung, MD, PhD, FACP
		Graves disease is autoimmune in etiology, influenced by a combination of environmental and genetic factors.
		Pathophysiology: In Graves disease, B and T lymphocyte–mediated autoimmunity are known to be directed at 4 well-known thyroid antigens: thyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase, sodium-iodide symporter, and the thyrotropin receptor.
		Graves disease in pregnancy is made more challenging by the harmful effects of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism on the developing fetus.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic929.htm (8628 words)

	Graves' Hyperthyroidism (Thyrotoxicosis) Graves' disease hyperthyroidism radioactive iodine antithyroid drugs
		Graves' disease is named after the Irish physician who described several cases in the London Medical Journal in 1835.
		Graves' disease, by far the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in Canada, affects perhaps one in every 100 people.
		Because Graves' hyperthyroidism is caused by a genetically determined abnormality of the immune system, the problem is complex and there is at present no specific treatment for the underlying abnormality.
	www.thyroid.ca /Guides/HG06.html (1301 words)

	Graves' disease
		an organ-specific autoimmune disease of the thyroid gland.
	arapaho.nsuok.edu /~moody/castillo/Graves'disease.html (40 words)

	The Medicine Journal - November / December 2000: Thyroid Gland : An Overview
		Graves’ disease is the commonest type of hyperthyroidism in adults; it peaks in the 3rd to 4th decades, and is 8 times more common in women than in men.
		Among patients with thyroid ophthalmopathy 90% have Graves’ hyperthyroidism, 1% have secondary hyperthyroidism, 3% have Hashimoto’s disease, and 5% are euthyroid.
		However, radioiodine is increasingly used as both first line treatment and in those with relapsed disease after medical therapy.
	www.medpharm.co.za /safp/2000/nov_dec/thyroid.html (2507 words)

	Hyperthyroidism and Graves' Disease
		Graves' disease is a specific autoimmune disorder that involves misguided targeting of normal cells and structures in the thyroid gland.
		Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that involves the thyroid gland.
		Graves' disease is named after Robert Graves, an Irish physician who first identified it as a specific disorder in 1835.
	www.hopkinsmedicine.org /endocrine/graves/Answer.asp?QuestionID=21 (381 words)

	tabibnet >> news
		Ophthalmopathy is clinically apparent in 20-40% of patients with Graves’ disease and usually consists of conjunctivitis, and mild proptosis.
		Graves’ disease: Propranolol is generally used for symptomatic relief until the hyperthyroidism is resolved.
		This form of therapy is the treatment of choice for recurring Graves' disease, patients with severe cardiac involvement, those with multinodular goiter or toxic adenomas, and patients who cannot tolerate antithyroid drugs.
	www.tabibnet.com /content.asp?id=44 (1395 words)

	Thyroid Eye Disease
		Graves' disease is a naturally remitting condition, and over a period of time many of the symptoms, including [those related to] the eyes, may improve.
		Graves' disease triggers an overproduction of hormones from the body's thyroid gland, a key regulator of metabolism and other vital functions.
		This could also be interpreted that the Graves' and TED were caused by the anemia and correction of the anemia by the bone marrow transplantation corrected these conditions.
	www.ithyroid.com /thyroid_eye_disease.htm (4377 words)

	graves disease
		Graves' disease is a term used to describe the commonest variety of hyperthyroidism, which is regarded as having...
		Graves' Disease is a condition of autoimmunity primarily affecting the thyroid gland, and is the most...
		Graves' Disease is a type of autoimmune disease that causes over-activity of the...
	www.mediacom.ws /graves-disease.htm (387 words)

	signs symptoms thyroid problems - GRML Fri Mar 17 16:48:55 2006
		The disease is detected clinically, by looking for these antibodies in the blood.
		This disease is the only form, of thyroiditis, associated with permanent hyperthyroidism.
		It is a disease similar to Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.
	grmlbrowser.com /mini-sites/s/signs-symptoms-of-thyroid-problems.asp (302 words)

	Graves'Disease MEDSTUDENTS-ENDOCRINOLOGY
		Graves’ disease, also known as Parry’s or Basedow’s disease or diffuse toxic goiter, is a disorder with three major manifestations: hyperthyroidism with diffuse goiter, ophthalmopathy, and dermopathy.
		Many symptoms of thyrotoxicosis suggest a state of catecholamine excess, but circulating levels of epinephrine are normal; thus, in Graves’ disease, the body appears to be hyperactive to catecholamines and this may be due in part to a thyroid hormone-mediated increase in cardiac catecholamine receptors.
		Part 2 will consist of the clinical management of the patient with Graves’ disease, including laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.
	www.medstudents.com.br /endoc/endoc5.htm (925 words)

	Basedow'sche Krankheit - MÖBIUS, P[AUL] J[ULIUS] (1853-1907)
		Strümpell, the leading German internist of his day, thought it was Möbius's greatest clinical achievement "to have erected, with one single stroke, the fruitful etiological concept in the place of all those previous contradictory and unsatisfactory attempts at explaining Graves' (or Basedow's) disease.
		Basedow's disease (named after the German physician Karl Basedow [1799-1854] who described it in 1840), also commonly known as Grave's disease after the English physician who had described it five years before Basedow, remained an etiological enigma through much of the 19th century, usually being construed as a neurological disease.
		It was Möbius who first attributed its symptoms of exophthalmic goiter to the thyroid gland's hyperthyroidism, which Möbius had first suggested in an 1886 paper.
	www.antiqbook.com /boox/gac/072104.shtml (273 words)

	Viktor Żenni - Morbus Basedow
		This is one of symptoms of the so-called Graves-Basedow disease.
		Graves-Basedow is an abbreviated name for a disease resulting in hyperthyroidism or a diffuse hypertrophy of the thyroid.
		Żenni, who was said to cure thyroid-related diseases.
	www.zenni.pl /nowyserwis/page.php?p=15 (772 words)

	Incidence of Thyroid Diseases and Variation of Neonatal TSH Values - Influence of Iodine Content Correction?
		Appreciating the complexity of pathogenetic factors of Graves’ disease, this report is just an attempt to presume the capacity of iodine in observed increase of incidence of the Graves’ disease.
		Increase in incidence of Graves’ disease was transitory and by 2000 numbers of registered cases relapsed to values from 1992.
		We have observed multiple increase in incidence of Graves’ disease in Timok Region (East Serbia) with maximum in 1996 (152 patients registered compared with regular incidence of 35-40 patients from 1980 to 1994).
	www.tmg.org.yu /v290303e.htm (2105 words)

	VII. THERAPY OF GOITER
		In the United States and in the majority of European countries, surgical therapy for Graves-Basedow’s disease is not considered primary treatment, but is selected when other treatments fail or are contraindicated because of an allergic reaction to antithyroid drugs or unusually low iodine uptakes by the thyroid.
		A comparative study of th outcome of surgical treatment for Graves-Basedow’s disease revealed that the prevalence of postoperative hypothyroidism was 5 times lower, but recurrent hyperthyroidism was 5 times higher in an area with a high iodine level than in one with a low iodine level (Thjodleifsson 1977).
		Unfortunately, with the passage of time, the number of surgeons skilled in treating Graves- Basedow’s disease has decreased, because of a lack of surgical experience.
	www.freeweb.hu /mosolyis/pajzsmirigy/thyrocd/book/vii-5.htm (1776 words)

	Graves' disease -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		In Graves' disease the excessive secretion of thyroid hormone is usually accompanied by diffuse primary overgrowth of the thyroid gland (which results in goitre) and by exophthalmos (protrusion of the eyeballs), with eyelid retraction and other eye...
		The staring appearance of persons suffering from thyrotoxicosis, also called exophthalmic goitre or Graves' disease, is believed to be due to the stimulation of smooth muscle in the lids and orbit, causing the lid to retract a little from the globe and the globe itself to advance forward slightly.
		Its symptoms resemble those of Graves' disease (q.v.), a condition believed to be an autoimmune disorder caused by...
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-9311496 (783 words)

	Datos recibidos
		The Graves-Basedow disease as a cause of thyroid hyperfunction is very infrequent, with only 8 cases having been reported up to 1993.
		The authors present 3 patients with acromegaly who developed hyperthyroidism due to Graves-Basedow disease in the course of their disease.
		Two of the patients had acromegaly of 30 years of evolution and the third patient underwent consultation for clinical symptoms of hyperthyroidism with acromegaly being simultaneously diagnosed.
	www.infodoctor.org /cgi-bin/abstracts.pl?uid=7934281 (149 words)

	Open Directory - Health: Conditions and Diseases: Endocrine Disorders: Thyroid: Hyperthyroid: Graves' Disease
		Graves' Disease Resource Page - In-depth information, support, and personal stories for patients and their families.
		National Graves' Disease Foundation - Educational organization open exclusively to people with Graves' disease, their families, friends and health care professionals.
		Postgraduate Medicine: The Many 'Faces' of Graves' Disease - Describes the clinical manifestations and biochemical markers that aid in diagnosis as well as other disorders that may mimic Graves'.
	dmoz.org /Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Endocrine_Disorders/Thyroid/Hyperthyroid/Graves'_Disease (339 words)

	Graves Disease - Glossary Entry - Genetics Home Reference
		A common form of hyperthyroidism characterized by goiter and often a slight protrusion of the eyeballs -- called also Basedow's disease, exophthalmic goiter.
		Graves was one of the founders of the Irish school of medicine.
		His description in 1835 of the form of hyperthyroidism that now bears his name was not the first, but it is generally considered to be the first accurate account.
	ghr.nlm.nih.gov /ghr/glossary/gravesdisease (111 words)

	A systematic review of drug therapy for Graves' hyperthyroidism -- Abraham et al. 153 (4): 489 -- European Journal of Endocrinology
		Pfeilschifter J and Zeigler R. Suppression of serum thyrotropin with thyroxine in patients with Graves’ disease: effects on recurrence of hyperthyroidism and thyroid volume.
		Relapse of Graves’ disease after successful outcome of antithyroid drug therapy: results of a prospective randomized study on the use of levothyroxine.
		Treatment of Graves’ disease with the block-replace regimen of antithyroid drugs: the effect of treatment duration and immunogenetic susceptibility on relapse.
	www.eje-online.org /cgi/content/full/153/4/489 (3218 words)

	Dorlands Medical Dictionary
		(baz´ə-doid) a condition resembling Graves' (Basedow's) disease, but without thyrotoxicosis.
		hen´selae a species that is the etiologic agent of cat-scratch disease and is the primary cause of bacillary angiomatosis and bacillary peliosis; it also is a cause of bacteremia in immunocompromised patients and of bacterial endocarditis.
		bacillifor´mis a species transmitted to humans by the sandfly Phlebotomus verrucarum; it is the etiologic agent of Carrión's disease.
	www.mercksource.com /pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_b_05zPzhtm (2871 words)

	Thyroid crisis in the pregnancy
		The most frequent cause of hyperthyreosis, which can be life-threatening for both mother and the fetus, is the Graves-Basedow disease.
		Authors present a very rare case of the occurrence of the thyroid crisis in a pregnant patient with Graves-Basedow disease.
		Hyperthyreosis during the pregnancy is a rare disease, occurring in about 1: 2000 pregnant patients [4, 7, 8].
	www.ptmp.pl /archives/apm/7-2/apm72_13.htm (122 words)

	Basis thyroidectomy in Graves-Basedow disease...
		Basedow's disease among the 713 cases operated in Unit 307 of General Surgery at the Hospital General de Mexico of the Secretaría de Salud.
		The objective of this study was to analyze the most relevant data of 161 patients with Graves
		These data reveal the problems and fundamental challenges in the management of Graves
	www.imbiomed.com.mx /HG/Hgv59n4/english/Zhg64-02.html (135 words)

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