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Topic: Gray Pine

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Foothill pine

Whitebark Pine

Loblolly Pine

Limber Pine

Shortleaf Pine

Slash Pine

Jack Pine

Pond Pine

Torrey Pine

Jeffrey Pine

Lodgepole Pine

Table Mountain Pine

Sugar pine

Pitch pine

Longleaf Pine

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	graypine
		Gray Pine are solitary and airy gray-green trees that are endemic to California.
		Gray pine is highly flammable but it does have two adaptations that allow it to withstand fire.
		Gray Pine and blue oak woodland is a preferred habitat for mule deer, California quail, and mourning dove.
	www.tarol.com /graypine.html (423 words)

	Pine Nuts
		About 20 species of pine produce seeds large enough to be worth harvesting; in other pines the seeds are also edible, but are too small to be of value as a human food.
		Unshelled pine nuts have a long shelf life if kept dry and refrigerated (at -5 to +2°C), but the shell must be removed before the nut is eaten; shelled nuts (and unshelled nuts in warm conditions) deteriorate rapidly, becoming rancid within a few weeks, or even days in warm humid conditions.
		Pine nuts are commercially available in shelled form, but due to poor storage, these rarely have a good flavour, all too often already being rancid before they are purchased.
	www.edinformatics.com /culinaryarts/food_encyclopedia/pine_nuts.htm (398 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Jack pine
		The Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana) is a North American pine with its native range in Canada east of the Rocky Mountains from Northwest Territories to Nova Scotia, and the northeast of the United States from Minnesota to Maine, with the southernmost part of the range just into northwest Indiana.
		Mature female European Black Pine cone Male cones of a pine A cone (in formal botanical usage: strobilus, plural strobili) is an organ on plants in the division Pinophyta (conifers) that contains the reproductive structures.
		It is possible for the jack pine to grow in the taiga because of its waxy pine needles and rough bark.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Jack-pine (1125 words)

	Pine Cones
		Pine cones (herein referring only to the true female cones) have a peduncle (stem) which attaches to the branch (usually the upper branches) of the tree and this continues through the entire length of the cone as the rachis (axis).
		The White Pines (except for the Pinyon Pines) have scales with a terminal umbo (the distal margin of the seed scale is free) and the Yellow Pines and Pinyon Pines have scales with a dorsal umbo (distal margin of the seed scale is appressed).
		In Pinyon Pines (subsection Cembroides) and in the Big-cone Pinyon Pines (subsection Pinceana) the seeds are wingless and in the stone pines (subsection Cembrae) the seed wing is merely a narrow rim..
	lovett-pinetum.org /pinecones.htm (883 words)

	Pinus sabiniana Dougl
		Digger pine (Pinus sabiniana), also called bull pine or gray pine, has limited commercial use today, but it once was important to California Indians, who used its seeds and parts of cones, bark, and buds as food supplements, and its twigs, needles, cones, and resin in basket and drum construction (23,30).
		Digger pine is found in the Coast and Cascade Ranges, Klamath Mountains, southwestern Modoc Plateau, western Sierra Nevada, and Tehachapi Mountains, and over a broad environmental sweep, from the westerly edge of the Mojave Desert, to the Santa Lucia Mountains in Monterey County within sight of the Pacific surf (6).
		Digger pine's ability to persist and sometimes dominate on xeric sites on zonal soils probably results from its capacity to photosynthesize throughout the winter and early spring when soil moisture is abundant, and to minimize transpiration losses of water during dry seasons through low foliar biomass and good stomatal action.
	www.na.fs.fed.us /spfo/pubs/silvics_manual/Volume_1/pinus/sabiniana.htm (3815 words)

	Gray Pine
		The Gray Pine (Pinus sabineana) is a pine endemic to California in the United States.
		The needles of the Gray Pine are in fascicles (bundles) of three, distinctively pale gray-green, sparse and drooping, and grow to 20-30 cm in length.
		It is also sometimes thought of as a pinyon pine, though it does not belong to that group.
	www.xasa.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/g/gr/gray_pine.html (333 words)

	Definition of pine nuts
		Pine nuts are the edible seeds of pine trees (family Pinaceae, genus Pinus).
		Pine nuts are high in protein, and have been eaten in Europe and Asia since the Paleolithic period.
		Pine nuts are an essential component of pesto, and are frequently added to meat, fish, and vegetable dishes.
	www.nuttrees.com /def_pinenut.htm (808 words)

	Pine Mountain Lake
		Pine Mountain's lake consists of 202 surface acres with 6 miles of it being shoreline.
		The airport at Pine Mountain Lake is owned and operated by Tuolumne County.
		While Pine Mountain Lake is home to many full-time and part-time residents, vacation rentals are available to the public through local property management offices.
	www.pinemountainlake.com (390 words)

	Gray Pine Dwarf Mistletoe -FIDL
		Gray pines, and its associated vegetation, have little or no commercial value, and normally, active management of gray pine over much of the land that it occupies is minimal.
		An important role of gray pine is to maintain vegetative cover in arid watersheds, and it is of value when it occurs adjacent to people’s homes and in developed recreation sites.
		Pines may have to be re-pruned occasionally to remove latent infections that could not be observed when the tree was initially treated.
	na.fs.fed.us /spfo/pubs/fidls/gpd_mistletoe/gpd_mistletoe.htm (2797 words)

	Squirrel control and squirrel animal facts
		Pine squirrels are 10 to 15 inches (25 to 38 cm) in total length and weigh 1/3 to 2/3 pounds (151 to 303 g).
		Pine squirrels are often heavily dependent on coniferous forests for cones and buds but will also eat a variety of other foods common to gray and fox squirrel diets.
		Fox and gray squirrels are vulnerable to numerous parasites and diseases.
	www.crittercontrol.com /?doc=resources_af_treesquirrels (1850 words)

	Pinnacles National Monument - Trees and Shrubs (U.S. National Park Service)
		With the additional fact that their wood is too soft for anything but firewood, the gray pine was not a favorite tree among the settlers of the west.
		The gray pine can be seen throughout the monument along any of the trails.
		Although sometimes disguised as a shrub, the buckeye is one of the common trees in the monument.
	www.nps.gov /pinn/naturescience/treesandshrubs.htm (1204 words)

	Pine Tree Seeds, pine seeds, trees and Bonsai (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Conical pine tree with ascending branches and smooth gray bark, becoming fissured and scaly with age.
		Mexican yellow pine is a rounded, spreading tree with scaly, reddish brown bark and shiny, bright green leaves.
		Pinus Sabiniana is a conical to domed pine tree with fissured gray bark, blue green leaves and dark brown cones.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/anico/pine.htm (594 words)

	Tree Species
		Ponderosa pine is a "pioneer" species in the life cycle of the forest, meaning that its tolerance to drought and heat make it one of the first conifers to reforest a burn or to come in after a harvest.
		Sugar pine is susceptible to bark beetles and to an introduced disease called white pine blister rust.
		Gray pine (or foothill pine) is found in the hills between 500 and 4,000 feet in elevation, mixed in with various oaks and shrubs.
	www.spi-ind.com /Our_Forests/Tree_Species.htm (2234 words)

	Forest Dioramas - Forset Management, Harvard Forest
		Because this approach was based on the study of natural stands and native species and attempted to work with the basic biology of forests in their natural landscape setting, it provides a clear precursor to the "new forestry" and "ecosystem management" approaches that have emerged in the late 20th century.
		Although the gray birch doesn't cast dense shade, eventually, the white pines should be released from competition by cutting the birches when they start to whip against and damage the preferred pines.
		If we wish to encourage white pine to persist, clear-cutting large areas of white pine is not only wasteful of the smaller trees, but undesirable from the standpoint of the next crop of trees.
	harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu /museum/management.html (1563 words)

	Pine Snake
		Pine snakes are uncommon and patchily distributed in South Carolina and Greorgia.
		The dorsal color is whitish or light gray with fl blotches; the belly is plain white or gray.
		Pine snakes are powerful constrictors, with adults being capable of capturing and killing rabbits and large rats.
	www.uga.edu /srelherp/snakes/pitmel.htm (126 words)

	Arkansas News Bureau - Pine Bluff residents prepare for Democratic convention (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Gray, 69, hopes to weigh in on these issues and others when she travels to Boston to attend next week's Democratic National Convention, where Kerry will be set to accept the party's presidential nomination.
		Gray said she is not concerned about the possibility of a terrorist attack at the convention.
		Gray said she was taught Democratic values and political activism at a young age.
	www.arkansasnews.com /archive/2004/07/18/WashingtonDCBureau/259063.html (850 words)

	California Foothill Pine Plant Guide \| Tree Plant Guides
		Ethnobotanic: The seeds of gray pine were eaten by many California Indian tribes and are still served in Native American homes today.
		The pitch of the gray pine was used as a medicine by the Western Mono and the branches were made into household utensils for stirring acorn mush.
		The seed cone of gray pine is pendent, 10-28 cm, and opens slowly during the second season, dispersing winged seeds.
	www.gardenguides.com /plants/plantguides/trees/plantguide.asp?symbol=PISA2 (766 words)

	Pinus sabiniana fact sheet
		Fruit: Large woody cones (6 to 10 inches long), egg shaped when open; cone scales very long, thick, sharply keeled, and tipped with a large, thick spine that may be straight or curved; remain on tree for many years.
		Bark: Mature bark is dark gray, thick, and has irregular ridges and furrows; somewhat scaly.
		Form: Moderate sized evergreen conifer (40 to 70 feet tall and 2 to 4 feet in diameter) with crooked, forked trunk; thin, open, irregular gray-green crown, often rounded, with large heavy cones.
	www.cnr.vt.edu /dendro/dendrology/syllabus/Psabiniana.htm (130 words)

	54. Digger Pine (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Bigcone pine, these are Californians, where they stand out as ghostly pale pines in the foothills.
		Their cones contain big edible "pine nut" seeds, which were an important food for Indians, whom were derogatorily called diggers (as, for bulbs and roots) by white settlers.
		Gray pine is an apt, descriptive name, but little used.
	www.washington.edu /home/treetour/dpine.html (128 words)

	Pinus sabiniana description
		It is perhaps most widely called digger pine due to its wide use by native american tribes collectively and colloquially referred to as "diggers." However, that term has fallen into disgrace.
		At increasing elevations, foothills pine is restricted to open habitats on serpentine soils, being competitively displaced by Pinus coulteri and P.
		The role of fire in the establishment and perpetuation of foothills pine is largely unknown, but the species' fecundity, short life span and occurrence in fire-prone areas all suggest that it has coevolved with relatively frequent fire.
	www.conifers.org /pi/pin/sabiniana.htm (942 words)

	tn20Current Status of Pitch Canker
		In Monterey pine Christmas trees, resinous cankers are produced at the root crown; the entire tree subsequently wilts and dies.
		Although a small proportion of landscape-planted Monterey pine appears to be resistant to the disease, no resistant varieties of seedlings are available for planting at the present time.
		Monterey pine is the most widely planted timber species in the world, and California’s native populations represent a global resource for breeding programs.
	frap.cdf.ca.gov /pitch_canker/prevention_management/treenotes.html (1435 words)

	Digger Pine
		Long drooping needles 8-12 inches long grow sparsely on this pine which averages 40-50 feet and sometimes reaches 100 feet tall.
		Pine nuts are produced in female cones which grow next to the trunk in the tops of the trees.
		This common name is considered derogatory to the Native Americans today, and the tree is now known as a Gray Pine.
	signsofdissent.com /webbedfeet/tree/diggerpine.html (147 words)

	Pine Needle Basketry Introduction
		The pine needle has a history of being used in basketry for generations.
		The pine needle forms the core of the coil and is stitched in place with various fibers such as raffia, split roots, birch paper, basswood inner bark strips, dracaena, yucca, sinew, embroidery thread, yarn and waxed linen thread.
		Pine needles can be used alone as a core material or can be combined with other materials such as sweetgrass.
	www.basketmakers.org /topics/bymaterial/pineneedle/pnintro.htm (497 words)

	California, Monterey Pine, Pitch Canker
		The Monterey pine is one of many native pines in California that are susceptible to pitch canker disease.
		A decade ago, there were over 5000 pine trees on the Conference Grounds at Asilomar State Beach, located on the Monterey Peninsula, a 100+ acre site of seaside pines and dunes and tide pools the spiritual sanctuary for John Steinbeck in the early 1900’s.
		When trees are injected with a pathogen, rather than producing antibodies, their response is to move resin into the infected area to wall off the area and halt the spread of infection.
	www.ranchandcountry.com /article_info.php?articles_id=30&osCsid=4f744bf6b5cecae4f13c41ae27574a0e (1054 words)

	Life Zones of the Central Sierra
		Two of the most common pine trees, Ponderosa, Pinus ponderosa, and Jeffrey pines, Pinus jeffreyi, are almost indistinguishable—both trees grow very tall, 60 to 130 feet in height, and both have evergreen needles.
		Ponderosa pine needles grow from 4 to 8 inches in bundles of two to five, while Jeffrey pine needles grow three in a bundle and 5 to 10 inches long.
		While lodgpole pine, Pinus contorta, can be found from mixed conifer forest to the lower subalpine zone, it is found in greater abundance in the Red Fir-Lodgepole pine forest.
	www.sierrahistorical.org /archives/lifezones.html (1526 words)

	Minnesota State Tree: Red Pine
		The Norway Pine is also called the red pine because of its reddish brown bark, stands 60 to 100 feet tall, with a trunk three to five feet wide.
		The Red pine (Pinus resinosa), more commonly known as Norway pine, is designated as the official state tree of the state of Minnesota.
		A photograph of the Red pine, to be obtained and approved by the commissioner of natural resources, shall be certified and preserved in the office of the secretary of state.
	www.e-referencedesk.com /resources/state-tree/minnesota.html (489 words)

	Province M262
		True Yellow Pine Forests are on only a few high peaks such as Figueroa Mountain in Santa Barbara County, where Jeffrey pine is the dominant species.
		Coulter pine, gray pine, bigcone Douglas-fir, canyon live oak, blue oak, coast live oak, and interior live oak can also be found.
		Infections of dwarf mistletoe have caused decline and mortality of Jeffrey pines on the Mount Pinos and Ojai Districts, Los Padres National Forest.
	www.fs.fed.us /r5/spf/publications/fh_94-95/provm262.htm (589 words)

	Article: Vertebrates of the Pine Barrens
		Its gray, mottled coloration is strikingly similar to the bark of the pine trees it climbs for refuge when threatened.
		Mammals are relatively well-represented in the Pine Barrens.
		In their natural state, the Pine Barrens are of litle economic value and pressure is great to allow commercial interests to reap the harvest of residential development.
	www.state.nj.us /pinelands/edu/curriculum/pinecur/votpb.htm (1547 words)

	Maine Tree Species Fact Sheet - Jack Pine
		The bark is thin, reddish-brown to gray on young stems and becoming dark brown and flaky.
		Ovulate cones are usually borne on primary and secondary branches in the upper tree crown and staminate cones are usually borne on tertiary branches lower in the crown.
		Range Within Maine: Jack Pine is known to occur naturally at Alamoosook Lake in Orland, Schoodic Point in Winter Harbor, Great Wass Island in Beals, Matagamon Lake, Cliff Lake, Lobster lake, and in the areas south and west of Jackman.
	www.umaine.edu /umext/mainetreeclub/FactSheets/JackPine.htm (518 words)

	Pinus sabiniana Digger Pine
		The foliage is gray green,lacy, fairly open and it is sometimes called the see-through pine.
		Gray Pine will grow in full or part sun and it is very drought tolerant.
		Pinus sabiniana Digger Pine's foliage type is evergreen.
	www.laspilitas.com /plants/518.htm (450 words)

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