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	Gray bat (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Gray Bat (Myotis grisescens) is a small bat that lives in caves throughout the southern United States.
		The range of the endangered gray bat is concentrated in the cave regions of Arkansas, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Alabama, with occasional colonies and individuals found in adjacent states.
		The gray bat is thought to have declined mainly due to destruction by vandals and disturbance by spelunkers and tourists.
	www.casimiro.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/g/gr/gray_bat.html (271 words)

	GRAY BAT
		Historical declines in gray bat populations were a result of human disturbance to maternity colonies and hibernation caves, loss of habitat, pesticides, and water pollution.
		The gray bat is the largest of all Myotis bats in Missouri, which includes the little brown bat, the Indiana bat, and the Keen's bat.
		The key identifying feature of the gray bat is that its wing is attached to the ankle and not at the base of the toes, as in all other Missouri Myotis bats.
	mdc.mo.gov /nathis/endangered/endanger/graybat (1293 words)

	Bats
		Bat guano (manure) was extracted from almost every substantial gray bat cave in the South and used for gunpowder during the war.
		Many bat superstitions arose because bats are nocturnal creatures and for centuries humans have had a fear of the dark.
		The Gray Bat is found in cave regions of Arkansas, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Alabama, with occasional colonies found in adjacent states.
	www.awrc.org /bats.htm (1449 words)

	Management Initiatives for the Sustainability of Bat Populations
		Disturbance and vandalism of roost caves are detrimental to the survival of bats.
		Even if bats have escaped that initial destruction of their roost, survival of displaced populations are questionable due to some bat population's strong site attachment and narrow ecological requirements, such as those of the gray bat.
		Since gray bats are cave-dwellers throughout the year, with highly specific roost and habitat requirements, original management objectives focused on the protection of caves utilized by the species, both hibernacula and maternity sites, to reduce or eliminate human disturbance.
	users.erols.com /nolan/vivian/bats.htm (7203 words)

	Animal Info - Gray Bat
		The gray bat occurs in the central USA.
		The gray bat is found in the USA from eastern Kansas and Oklahoma to western Virginia south to northwestern Florida.
		Gray bats are highly gregarious, concentrating in large numbers in a small number of caves.
	www.animalinfo.org /species/bat/myotgris.htm (525 words)

	Gray Bat
		The Gray Bat is located in southeastern United States and is the largest bat found in the area.
		Gray Bats grow to a length of approximately 3-4 inches (8-10 cm) with a wingspan of 11-12 inches (27-30 cm).
		Bats are important to the ecosystem as they eat insects and, therefore, control the insect population.
	www.unitedstatesfauna.com /graybat.php (465 words)

	Gray bat
		Range: The core range of the gray bat encompasses the cave regions of Alabama, northern Arkansas, Kentucky, Missouri, and Tennessee.
		Habitat: Gray bats are restricted to caves or cave-like habitats.
		Gray bats have been known to fly as far as 12 miles from their colony to feed.
	www.biology.eku.edu /bats/graybat.htm (465 words)

	BATS AND MORE BATS AT ORGAN CAVE
		The bat is similar in appearance to the common little brown myotis, but can be distinguished by the duller luster of its fur and toe hairs that do not extend beyond the tips of the claws.
		Hibernating bats often hang from the ceilings and walls of caves in clusters, but a solitary hibernating bat is not an uncommon sight as well.
		Clusters of bats may be as small as 2 or 3 bats or as large as hundreds of bats per square foot, depending on the species of bat.
	www.organcave.com /Bats.htm (1250 words)

	Conservation in Indiana
		The largest member of its genus in the eastern United States, the gray bat weighs from 7 to 16 grams.
		The status of this bat is endangered throughout its range.
		Gray bat colonies are restricted entirely to caves or cave-like habitats.
	ice.butler.edu /graybat.html (162 words)

	Missouri Cave Bats
		The Eastern Pippistrelle is the smallest cave dwelling bat.
		Colonial bats in caves in the summer are usually grays, but both females and males use the caves as summer roosts.
		Because the federally endangered bats occupied caves along the river's corridor, the project was delayed until the impact of the lake project on the bats could be determined.
	members.socket.net /~joschaper/wbats.html (958 words)

	NPWRC :: Endangered and Threatened Species Recovery Program
		Gray bats have increased because of better protection measures such as gates, fences, and signs around caves; better cave gate designs to restrict human disturbance; and improved public education programs.
		Gray bats are reappearing in caves they used historically on an infrequent basis and labelled in the Recovery Plan as "low priority" sites.
		Missouri Department of Conservation: The Department recently purchased a gray bat maternity cave in Stone County, and is revising a plan for protected bat species in Department-owned caves.
	www.npwrc.usgs.gov /resource/wildlife/recoprog/states/species/myotgris.htm (326 words)

	batinfo
		Bats should not be bothered in caves...because if they wake up then they will not be able to go back to hibernating and will starve to death.
		The main reason why bats are disappearing in many areas of the world is that their hibernation or roosting places are being bothered or destroyed.
		If bats are in a place where you don't want them to be, call the local wildlife people like the forestry or fish and wildlife people to find out what to do to get them to move without hurting them.
	www.siec.k12.in.us /cannelton/batinfo.htm (803 words)

	Welcome to the DNR Division of Fish and Wildlife Web Site
		The Indiana Bat (Myotis sodalis) is a medium-sized, dull gray bat.
		Bats are subject to natural hazards during hibernation, such as cave flooding, however; humans have been the major cause of declining bat populations.
		When a bat is aroused, it uses energy at a higher rate, which decreases the energy supply available for the rest of the winter.
	www.in.gov /dnr/fishwild/publications/lifeseries/ibats.htm (812 words)

	Care and Maintenance of Missouri Bat Cave
		Bats are unique as they are the only mammals that fly or navigate by echolocation, a form of sonar.
		Three Missouri bat species are presently endangered: the Gray bat (Myotis grisescens), the Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis), and the Ozark big-eared bat (Plecotus townsendii ingens).
		Gray bats live in caves throughout the year, and are very particular in choosing a location to raise their young.
	mdc.mo.gov /nathis/mammals/batcave (769 words)

	2002. The Gray Bat's Survival. Locke, Robert . BATS. Vol 20, No 2:4-9.
		Local health departments, warning that bats were dangerous, were claiming that most gray bats were rabid -- though no one knew of a single instance, not even a suspected instance, in which a human, a pet, or a head of livestock had ever contracted the disease from a gray bat.
		Population counts throughout the gray bat's range confirm the remarkable conclusion that a species whose extinction was predicted as recently as 1969 is now recovering rapidly.
		The gray bat, while not completely safe, nonetheless seems strong enough to be removed from the list of endangered species, marking an incredible achievement by BCI and its many dedicated partners and volunteers.
	www.batcon.org /batsmag/v20n2-02.html (2572 words)

	Wildlife Viewing - Species Spotlight - Gray Bat
		One of these cave-dwelling species is the endangered gray bat, a medium-sized bat colored uniformly grayish-brown, with a wingspan of 10 - 11 inches.
		Gray bats eat large quantities of flying aquatic insects such as mosquitoes, mayflies, stoneflies and beetles.
		While some species of bats may spend only a part of the year in caves - during winter hibernation, for example - the gray bat is dependent on caves year-round.
	www.floridaconservation.org /viewing/species/bat.htm (283 words)

	Spooky Critters in Need of Help: The Gray Bat
		The gray bat is one of 9 endangered species of bats in the U.S. It used to be one of the most abundant mammals in the southeastern U.S. and played an important role in eating and controlling the populations of nighttime flying insects including mosquitoes.
		Gray bats are known to be in the southeastern U.S., mainly in Alabama, Arkansas, Kentucky, Missouri, and Tennessee.
		Even when bats leave, whether from an intruder or flooding of the cave, another cave may not be found, leaving the bats exposed and vulnerable to predation.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/endangered_species/81414 (486 words)

	Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science
		The Indiana bat hibernates in caves in winter and disperses during non-hibernating months to form roosts under bark and in tree cavities in hardwood forests (4-6).
		A third gray bat maternity cave in Cherokee County, Oklahoma, was gated by using the same type of placement with similar results in 1991 (16).
		The gray bat is the only cave-dwelling species in eastern Oklahoma that roosts in large colonies, producing substantial guano accumulations on cave floors conducive to measurement for population analysis.
	digital.library.okstate.edu /OAS/oas_htm_files/v80/p133_137nf.html (2227 words)

	Tuttle, Dr. Merlin D., 1986. Endangered Gray Bat Benefits from Protection . BATS. Vol 4, No 4:1-3.
		Following the war, the Gray Bat, a highly resilient species, once again was able to prosper, as evidenced by the conspicuous replacement of large guano deposits in most formerly occupied caves.
		Gray Bat intolerance of full gates at nursery caves continues to be a major obstacle, though properly designed gates at hibernating sites, such as the one at Hubbards Cave, seem to be working well.
		Hibernating Gray Bats on the ceiling of Hubbards Cave.
	www.batcon.org /batsmag/v4n4-1.html (1707 words)

	Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science
		The first documentation of the gray bat in Oklahoma was by Blair (7) from Adair and Cherokee Counties.
		Estimations of gray bat populations are obtained through measurements of guano deposits and ceiling stains left in caves by the roosting bats (5,16).
		The population of the four gray bat maternity colonies in Oklahoma for 1981 was 36.2 x 10³ bats.
	digital.library.okstate.edu /OAS/oas_htm_files/v73/p35_37nf.html (1044 words)

	TABS Species Account TN10030
		Disturbance of gray bat colonies is believed to be the primary factor in the observed decline of this species each disturbance during hibernation arouses all individuals present in the colony and results in the expenditure of 20-30 days of stored fat.
		Gray bats usually follow wooded corridors from their summer caves to the open water areas used as foraging sites.
		The primary objectives of the gray bat recovery plan are to first reclassify the species from endangered to threatened status and than to delist the spercies.
	fwie.fw.vt.edu /TN/TN10030m.htm (1085 words)

	The Tennessee Bat Working Group - Gray Bat
		Ecology and Behavior: Gray bats are cave residents year-round, but different caves usually are occupied in summer and winter.
		Because of their specific habitat requirements fewer than 5% of available caves are suitable for gray bats.
		Gray bats primarily forage over water of rivers and lakes.
	www.state.tn.us /twra/tnbwg/graybat.html (260 words)

	Gray Bat (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Gray bats are insect eaters and often hunt and feed over water.
		Forestry Considerations: Gray bats can be adversely affected by forestry operations if their roost sites are disturbed or if wooded corridors that provide them with cover on nightly flights between roosting and feeding sites are removed.
		Caves that are inhabited by gray bats should be protected by leaving a buffer of undisturbed vegetation around their entrances.
	www.pfmt.org /wildlife/endangered/gray_bat.htm (202 words)

	GRAY BATS NEED THEIR CAVES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Since the bats emerge at sunset, the first thing to determine was exactly when the sun would set on September 4.
		Soon there were far too many gray bats to count, and more continued to flow from the cave.
		During the Civil War, according to an article by Merlin D. Tuttle, a leading expert on bats, guano, which was used for gunpowder, was extracted from gray bat caves throughout the South.
	www.uga.edu /srel/ecoview9-18-05.htm (627 words)

	Indiana bat
		Habitat: For hibernation, Indiana bats prefer limestone caves with stable temperatures of 39 to 46 degrees F. As with the gray bat, few caves meet the specific roost requirements of the species.
		During hibernation, Indiana bats cluster tightly together and, as a result, are sometimes called the social bat.
		As with all bats that feed primarily on insects, Indiana bats have probably suffered declines due to use of pesticides.
	www.biology.eku.edu /bats/indianabat.htm (526 words)

	Gray Bat Habitat Info - Find Gray Bat Habitat On The Internet
		"Gray Bat Habitat are awesome!" declared Lauren Murphy of Oslo, Norway.
		In proportion with statistics from Brian Jackson of Burlington, Vermont, 36% held Gray Bat Habitat were cool.
		"Gray Bat Habitat are authentic!" said Lucas Williams of Jacksonville, Florida.
	www.bardito.com /language/gray-bat-habitat.html (281 words)

	Subterranean Conservation - Grey Bat
		The endangered gray bat was once extremely abundant in the southeastern United States, with larger concentrations in Missouri, Alabama and Tennessee.
		These bats play an important role in the checks and balances of nature as primary controllers of night-flying insects, including mosquitoes.
		Just eight caves harbor 95% of the hibernating population of gray bats.
	www.nature.org /initiatives/programs/caves/animals/art9277.html (115 words)

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