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Topic: Great Emigration

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	Migration - LoveToKnow 1911
		Statistics of Emigration.-The direction of the modern movement is from Europe to America, Australia and South Africa, as shown in the following table: Emigration from Certain States of Europe, 1890-1905.1 1 The figures relate only to the emigrants of each nationality emigrating from their own country to countries outside of Europe.
		Thus, for Great Britain and Ireland, while the emigration of persons of British and Irish origin was, in 1905, 262,077, the immigration of persons of the same category was 122,712, leaving a net emigration of only 139,365.
		For instance, in 1891 the emigration from the provinces of West Prussia and Posen was extraordinarily heavy10.9 and Io 4 per mille respectively-but the excess of births over deaths was 19.6 per mille.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Migration (4801 words)

	Lalor, Cyclopaedia of Political Science, V.2, Entry 19, EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION: Library of Economics and Liberty
		The emigration during the last decade, 1870-79, far exceeds that of any previous decade, and the indications are that the number of emigrants will rather increase than diminish during the decade now passing.
		In the twelfth century large numbers of the natives of the Netherlands were induced to emigrate to Germany and become farmers, and in the fourteenth and sixteenth centuries to England, and settled there as artisans.
		The great Prussian rulers have cultivated the policy of immigration on a most extensive scale, and thus maintained the original character of their parent provinces as the colonial land of the German people.
	www.econlib.org /library/YPDBooks/Lalor/llCy410.html (6785 words)

	NAHA // Norwegian-American Studies
		From the point of view of the traditional explanations, with heavy emphasis on “population pressure” and “overpopulation” as causes of the emigration movement, it is strange indeed that the emigration intensity was strongest in the central communities.
		Emigration during this period was also of little importance from the parish of Lavik, which included communities far up the Sognefjord where fishing scarcely had any greater importance than in the communities of central Sogn.
		<2> Rasmus Sunde, “Emigration from the District of Sogn, 1839-19 15,” trans.
	www.stolaf.edu /naha/pubs/nas/volume32/vol32_02.htm (5838 words)

	Emigration: Departure,Crossing and Arrival
		Lord Monteagle, in particular, believed that in emigration lay the solution of Ireland's population problem, and the Monteagle Papers contain a number of letters from grateful emigrants; he was also responsible for setting up the Select Committee of the House of Lords on Colonization, that is, emigration, in 1847.
		Emigration began to be used as an alternative to eviction, and Sir Robert Gore Booth, a resident landlord, was accused by Mr.
		Emigration also saved money; the cost of emigrating a pauper was generally about half the cost of maintaining him in the work-house for one year, and once the ship had sailed the destitute were effectually got rid of, for they could return only with immense difficulty.
	www.nde.state.ne.us /SS/irish/unit_5.html (5767 words)

	"Great" Polish political Emigration (1831 - 1870) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Polish emigration of 1831 was, in the 19th century terms, a massive one, but its importance lies predominantly in the fact that, in intelectual terms, it played a paramount role in the history of post-Partition Poland.
		The emigration assumed, for at least several years, a number of functions of the non-existent Polish state and became a center of the literary, artistic, and to some extent scientific life as well as the hub of the growing free political and social thought.
		Stage II of the Great Emigration's history covers the period of late 1834 until the summer of 1837.
	www.ohiou.edu /~Chastain/dh/emigpol.htm (2518 words)

	British History - 19th Century - Ch. 16
		Emigration across the veldt was no new thing to the Boers, but emigration on so great a scale as took place in the following twenty years was altogether new, as also was the establishment of republics outside the sphere of the Cape government.
		The sudden overpeopling of Great Britain deplored by Malthus, and the sorry plight of the English peasantry at home, caused in these years the great rural exodus to the Colonies on which the modern Empire was rebuilt.
		He preached to his countrymen that emigration was the true relief of their economic miseries, and that colonies need not in all cases be mere ports of call or places of trade, but might be new British nations.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles11/british-history-16.shtml (3719 words)

	Finnish Emigration to the United States and Canada
		The third period of emigration was during the famous Californian gold rush of 1848-50, when Finnish sailors, especially in San Francisco, were lured by dreams of wealth to desert and become part of the motley crowd of gold-seekers.
		Other notable causes of their return were: the improvement of social and economic conditions owing to the fact that Finland had become independent, the improvement of labour conditions, the stabilising of the floating countryside population by grants of land, and the new independence of the peasants (crofters).
		On the whole, our emigration has here been considered from the aspect of its practical advantages for the home country, but this in itself is not sufficient when estimating it as a historical phenomenon; indeed public opinion has veered from the negative to the positive because the positive sides only appeared later.
	www.genealogia.fi /emi/art/article187e.htm (3822 words)

	NAHA // Norwegian-American Studies
		Emigration from the District of Sogn, 1839-1915 *
		Vik was one of the communities in Sogn hardest hit by the so-called “America fever.” During the emigration period the community consisted of three parishes: Vik, the main parish, with Arnafjord parish on the south side and Kvamsøy on the north side of the Sognefjord.
		The emigration protocols for Bergen go back just to 1874 so it is only from that period that there are definite records as to how many emigrants from Vik traveled on tickets sent them from America.
	www.naha.stolaf.edu /pubs/nas/volume29/vol29_04.htm (4004 words)

	British Emigration to North America 57001822
		The section of the Webb Collection devoted to trade unions con- tains, in the form of notes, clippings, reports, surveys, and pamphlets, a wealth of material incidentally related to the subject of emigration; it was collected principally in the 1890's by the Webbs and their colleagues.
		Emigration for Relief of Distress in Highlands of Scotland.
		Emigration: An Address to the Clergy of England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales, on the Condition of the Working Classes.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/toc/becites/genealogy/immigrant/57001822.refs.html (5079 words)

	THE TIDE OF EMIGRATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The information likely to be most valuable to the great bulk of the emigrants is, therefore, that relative to the demand for their labour in the United States and the British Colonies.
		Hodder, the Government Emigration Agent, whose duty it is to see the poor emigrant protected, and the act carried out, is, with his officers, kept in a state of constant combativeness.
		By the terms of the New Passenger Act, 12 and 13 Vict., c.33, no passenger-ship is allowed to proceed until a medical practitioner appointed by the emigration office of the port shall have inspected the medicine-chest and passengers, and certified that the medicines etc are sufficient, and that the passengers are free from contagious disease.
	vassun.vassar.edu /~sttaylor/FAMINE/ILN/Tide/Tide.html (2662 words)

	Liverpool Record Office - Emigration and Immigration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The movement of people into and out of Liverpool and Great Britain is an important area of study for family and community history and the history of the city of Liverpool.
		Liverpool was a centre for immigration and emigration because of its major, established port.
		Emigration from Great Britain has often been linked to the idea of sending individuals to the 'New World' to provide them with a better life and to free their home country from the cost of supporting them.
	archive.liverpool.gov.uk /leaflets/emigration.html (1566 words)

	Polish Residents in Scotland
		The ageing and dwindling Polish born community enumerated in the 2001 Census of Scotland is firmly rooted in the large scale settlement of Poles in this country as a result of the Second World War and its aftermath.
		The late historian, Dr. Leon Koczy has estimated that, of the Polish exiles who sought asylum in Britain during the Great Emigration following the failure of the November Uprising of 1831, around 110 found their way to Scotland.
		It is not clear whether most of the economic migrants of the two decades preceding the Great War had returned to the newly independent Poland or had migrated elsewhere, but, by 1921, the number of Poles occupied in mining occupations had dropped from 2,019 to 85, and those in metalworking from 448 to 44.
	www.angelfire.com /jazz/ntstar/scotpolesintro.htm (1570 words)

	Scandinavian Roots - American Lives - The Story of the Great Emigration
		The reasons behind the emigration are usually considered to be the demographic transition: the population increase due to the decline of the infant mortality rate.
		Emigration as a mass behavior phenomenon spread mainly from west to east.
		The regional distribution of emigration remained relatively stable; although the wave of emigration spread over a steadily larger area, it continued to be intense in those parishes and provinces from which the emigrants had previously come.
	www.migrationinstitute.fi /nordic/Text/Emistory.htm (959 words)

	Could this be what led to the Great McGrath emigration
		Since the great storm in February, 1802, we have never been visited in this part of the country with a hurricane so violent nor one so extensive in its ravages as that we experienced on Sunday night.
		The barracks are next in point of extent, the roofs being to a great extent stripped, with injury estimated to near £200.
		At Florencecourt, and other demesnes in the neighbourhood as far as we have learned, the damage is proportionately great, while the mansions in all have suffered more or less.
	member.telpacific.com.au /smits/article.htm (916 words)

	potato
		Great gales of wind blew and the country was covered by thick, drifting snow.
		Emigration was limited to spring and summer because of the freezing weather conditions
		In July and August of 1846, the great emigration from Ireland was well under way.
	www.obcgs.com /potato.htm (444 words)

	Heroes of the Exile (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The great throng of German Philistines that flooded into London during the summer, felt ill at ease in the bustle of the great Crystal Palace and in the even larger town of London with its noise, its din and its clamour.
		Faucher's activity in the London Emigration did not last long; his free trade inclined him towards commerce where he found his true calling, to which he returned with great energy and in which he achieved wonders never seen before: namely a price-list that assesses goods according to a completely sliding scale.
		Once the Emigration was augmented by these and similar, less noteworthy arrivals, it could proceed to those mighty battles that the reader shall learn of in the next canto.
	www.marxists.org /archive/marx/works/1852/heroes-exile/ch12.htm (1888 words)

	Galicia (Central Europe) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Prior to that, Halych-Volhynia was a mighty principality under the reign of Roman the Great in 1170-1205.
		The emigration started as a seasonal one to Germany (newly unified and economically dynamic) and then later became a Trans-Atlantic one with large-scale emigration to The United States, Brazil, and Canada.
		The Great Economic Emigration, especially the emigration to Brazil, the "Brazilian Fever" as it was called at the time, was described in contemporary literary works by the Polish poetess, Maria Konopnicka, the Ukrainian writer, Ivan Franko, and many others.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Galicja (4330 words)

	TGOL - Great Eastern
		Great Eastern was bought by the Great Ship Company and they completed her in August 1859.
		The Great Eastern continued to be haunted with bad luck, and she never carried a full complement of passengers.
		On her way back, the Great Eastern found and picked up the previous cable, and when she returned she had accomplished her mission and was still in possession of an excellent cable.
	www.greatoceanliners.net /greateastern.html (1337 words)

	Ireland Genealogy Books
		Emigration from Ireland to the Americas can be said to have started in earnest during the early eighteenth century.
		The great majority of these cemeteries are located in Northern Ireland, although the figure includes a substantial number from two other Ulster counties, Donegal and Monaghan, as well as several from County Louth.
		Since the returns include the names of small landowners as well as large--owners of modest acres as well as great estates--they stand as a census of a significant proportion of the population of Ireland in 1876, and no doubt contain the names of many people who were related to emigrants of an earlier period.
	www.bigtreebooks.net /Topics/Ireland.html (15001 words)

	1) "The Beginning of the West" by (p.476- )
		The emigration of 1843 was the first emigration of consequence to Oregon, and they made a broad wagon road from the frontier of Missouri to the Columbia river and made the way plain for future emigrations.
		McKinley, the commander of the post, received us with great civility; and both to myself, and the heads of the emigrants who were there at the time, extended his hospitality in a comfortable dinner to which he invited us.....At the time of our arrival, a considerable body of the emigrants, under the direction of Mr.
		This friendly assistance was of very great value to the emigrants, whose families were otherwise exposed to much suffering in the winter rains, which had now commenced; at the same time that they were in want of all the common necessaries of life.
	www.oregonpioneers.com /1843trip.htm (17558 words)

	Excerpt: Audacious Women
		Americans are aware of their 1 million ancestors who emigrated to the eastern seaboard during the potato famine but not so aware that three times that many simply migrated to other parts of Britain.
		Margaret McNeil Ballard, who emigrated with her family when she was ten, remembered in later years not hunger or drudgery but "the beautiful scenes of grasses and waters" of the coal mining village of Tranent, Heddingtonshire, Scotland.
		She has been a great traveler through the East Indies and other parts of the world, has been ship-wrecked several times, taken once by the Indians and once by Pirates." Sister Redman is mentioned several times over the next weeks in Woodruff's journal and then fades away.
	www.signaturebooks.com /excerpts/audaciou.htm (9480 words)

	Great Emigration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Great Emigration (Polish: Wielka Emigracja) was an emigration of political elites from Poland from 1831–1870.
		Because of this emigration of political elites, much of the political and ideological activity of the Polish intelligentsia during the 18th and 19th centuries was done outside of the lands of partitioned Poland.
		This was the case of Maria Curie-Skłodowska, who was unable to get accepted into any Polish universities (due to her gender and repercussions of the January Uprising), and so decided to apply to the French universities.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Great_Emigration (352 words)

	Abram Leon: The Jewish Question (6. Contradictory trends in the Jewish problem) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The concentration of the Jewish masses in great cities was as obvious in the countries of immigration as in the regions from which the Jews originated.
		This great emigration was favored by the high birthrate of the Jews.
		emigration contributed to the social differentiation of Judaism, a process which had made rapid progress in the course of the nineteenth century.
	www.marxists.org /subject/jewish/leon/ch6.htm (2421 words)

	Palatine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The area, from which the emigration poured, extended along both sides of the Rhine River and its tributaries, the Main and Neckar Rivers.
		Perhaps THE EARLY PALATINE EMIGRATION 5 the period of heaviest frost was from the 6th to the 2.Sth of January.
		While there are reports of persecution in 1699, (22) were religious intolerance at that time the sole cause of the emigration, it should have driven away these German emigrants before 1709.
	www.tcarden.com /tree/ensor/palatine.html (4085 words)

	Scottish History Courses - British Emigration 1603-1914
		Emigration historians, in the words of Ian D. Whyte, 'have often failed to consider that emigration was a process which affected, as well as reflected, British society, though this is less true for research in Scotland or Ireland' [Migration and Society in Britain 1550-1830 (2000), 116].
		It could be argued that what made emigration 'British' was the concern of the British government to prevent it initially, and then to control its destinations.
		On the other hand much excellent emigration history has been written from a social science perspective, unconcerned with politics or nationalism, adopting instead either a quantitative approach or a subtle and complex qualitative approach to the social history of the subject.
	www.arts.ed.ac.uk /scothist/courses/britishemigration/index.html (3864 words)

	TGOL - Kungsholm/Italia
		The company had actually been formed to profit on the great number of people emigrating to America, but by the time line was established, the great emigration wave was decreasing.
		The latter ship would however only serve the company for a year before she was returned to the Holland-Amerika Line.
		As the Twenties neared its end, it was evident to the directors of SAL that the great emigration had ended.
	www.greatoceanliners.net /kungsholm2.html (1345 words)

	Polish Democratic Society (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In the 1850s the society underwent a crisis, especially after the split made by Ludwik Mieroslawski in France in 1853, and the death of Stanislaw Worcell in 1857; it formally ceased to exist on May 16, 1862.
		The society was the most important political organization of the Great Emigration.
		Although the number of its members varied and rarely exceeded two thousand in any single year, fluidity of its membership was very high and altogether about four thousand four hundred fifty were members of the society throughout its history, i.e.
	www.cats.ohiou.edu /~Chastain/ip/poldemso.htm (808 words)

	(Composition non enregistrée)
		ue to economic instability in the Balkans under Ottoman rule, the first decade of the 20th century was the beginning of a period of great emigration.
		With little hope for the future, in the small and limited Dodecanese islands, where agriculture and commerce seemed dismal and confining, the sparsely educated male teenage Jewish youth from Rhodes sought their future in newly developing areas such as Rhodesia, the Belgian Congo, and the west coast of the United States, i.e.
		The wave of emigration from Rhodes began in the second half of the first decade of the 20th century, but the trend was paved by the exodus to Africa of several youngsters who under coincidental circumstances established themselves in pioneering commercial enterprises in Central Africa.
	www.sefarad.org /publication/lm/047/page24.html (4984 words)

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