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Topic: Great Indian Peninsular Railway

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	Central Railway - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Central Railway is one of the 16 zones of Indian Railways, and is one of the largest.
		The Central Railway was formed on November 5, 1951 by grouping several government-owned railways, including the Great Indian Peninsular Railway, and the Scindia State Railway of the former princely state of Gwalior.
		The Central Railway zone formerly covered northern Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh states, and portions of southern Uttar Pradesh, which made it the largest railway zone in India in terms of area, track mileage or manpower.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Central_Railway (325 words)

	The Telegraph - Calcutta : Opinion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The Victoria Terminus Railway Station was built for the Great Indian Peninsular Railway by an English architect called Frederick William Stevens, in 1878, in the heart of Mumbai.
		The notion of giving railway stations the look of a grand palace or even a majestic cathedral was fashionable then, as railways were the great new idea and the most fashionable new invention.
		VT is a symbol of all such grand railway stations that we have in Calcutta and Chennai, the beautiful stone and steel railway bridges and also the tiny hamlets, by the railways, that dot this country.
	www.telegraphindia.com /1040630/asp/opinion/story_3431678.asp (581 words)

	All India DD Quota
		Railway lines were laid near major canal works and mining areas, before the commencement of railway lines for public use.Light railway lines were laid during the work on Ganges Canal in 1845.Animal power was used for hauling the coaches.
		The elevated railway was inaugurated in Madras on 15
		Indian Railway is the second largest railway of the world, and first in Asia.
	indianarmy.nic.in /arfact1.html (591 words)

	The Hindu : The great Indian Railway bazaar
		The Hindu : The great Indian Railway bazaar
		The Indian Railways began its sesquicentennial year with the recreation of its historic run between Bori Bunder and Thane on April 16, 1853.
		The GIP Railway Company was incorporated on August 1, 1949, by an Act passed in the British Parliament and had a share capital of 50,000 pounds.
	www.hindu.com /thehindu/mp/2002/04/18/stories/2002041800430100.htm (1036 words)

	Daily Excelsior... Editorial
		When the Great Indian Peninsular Railway Company ran its first passenger train from Bori Bunder to Thane on August 16, 1853, its directors never knew that the bridges to be built across India in the next 93 years would for want of repairs/replacement, end up becoming virtual death traps in the decades to follow.......
		Whether the Railway Ministry is guilty-struck or not over the dilapidated condition of the railway bridges may not be ascertained, but its total failure in preparing a complete data bank of the "distressed" ancient structures that may collapse any time proves that it is behaving like an ostrich: evade the storm.
		Had the Union Railway Ministry paid any heed to the Committee's Report, a minimum of 350 lives could have been saved in the 2000-02 time frame; they all were victims of railway accidents caused by the collapse of old bridges.
	www.dailyexcelsior.com /02oct31/edit.htm (5281 words)

	The Hindu : On the right track
		In March 1849, the East India Company agreed on the terms with the Great Indian Peninsular Railway and the East Indian Railway, whereby the two companies would build and operate their respective lines with a guaranteed five per cent return on the stockholders' investment, assured by the revenues of the British Government of India.
		With British investment in Indian railways totalling some 150 millions in the 19th Century, of which some 95 million was invested by 1875, the revenues of the Government were tapped for 50 millions to meet the guarantee.
		The central elements of Dalhousie's planned railway map of India were the trunk lines connecting the major administrative centres of the presidencies and the provinces.
	www.hinduonnet.com /2000/04/16/stories/13160493.htm (1306 words)

	Project South Asia
		It was, in fact, the building of the railway bridge across the Jumna at Allahabad, joining Cawnpore with the cities of Bengal, that gave the town its first start as a focus for the export and import trade of the province.
		A great part of Sind is therefore little better than a flat, sandy desert, the only cultivation being along the banks of the Indus, where canals are dug to carry the water of the river, when in flood, on to the land.
		Dharwar is the centre of a great cotton-growing district.
	projectsouthasia.sdstate.edu /GEOGRAPHY/SecondaryDocs/NewGeography.htm (18942 words)

	India rail museum, railway tours by Indiaprofile.com
		It was to herald the dawn of the great Indian Railways.
		The companies were to be provided free land for laying of tracks and construction of railway stations and a five percent guarantee on their investments.
		The monopoly of the private companies operating the Indian railways was modified in 1879 when a number of princely states were permitted to operate their own private railways.
	www.indiaprofile.com /transportation/railways/railmuseum.htm (1039 words)

	OVERSEAS RAILWAYS
		The Great Northern Railway Co. of Ireland was formed in 1876 from the merger of several existing railways.
		The Great Southern and Western was founded in 1846 and disappeared in a merger in 1924.
		The Great Indian Peninsular Railway was incorporated in 1849 and opened its first stretch of track, between Bombay and Thane, in 1853.
	homepage.eircom.net /~lawe/RAILWAYSFOR.htm (310 words)

	The Tribune - Windows - Main Feature--Breathing new life into samadhis by Roopinder Singh
		The Great Indian Peninsular Railway had been incorporated in London in 1849 and was sanctioned five million pounds for its operations.
		Railway enthusiasts were delighted at the extent of the 150th anniversary celebrations.
		Railway watchers recollected how a number of Indians, in their token defiance of the British, courted arrest by travelling without tickets.
	www.tribuneindia.com /2002/20020420/windows/main1.htm (1093 words)

	James in India! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		B Class 2-6-0s of Bengal Nagpur Railway (BNR) were compound locomotives built by Neilson and Co. and were the only locomotives with this wheel arrangement ever used on this railway.
		Great Indian Peninsular Railway (GIPR) added 1000 to the numbers of IMR locomotives in 1904 so it became 1177.
		Great Indian Peninsular Railway (GIPR) added 1000 to the numbers of IMR locomotives in 1904 so it became 1164.
	www.pegnsean.net /~railwayseries/jamesindia.htm (277 words)

	Of royalties and guarantees: It's the same old story even after 150 years
		Among the first to sign such a guarantee were the East Indian Railway and the Great Indian Peninsular Railway, the latter better known today as the Central Railway.
		The East Indian Railway, halfway through construction, discovered that it was entering enemy territory - that of the Dutch near Chandrapore.
		Indian royalty were the next to build railways.
	www.expressindia.com /fe/daily/19990225/fec25029.html (507 words)

	Rutherford's Railway Reflections (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Economic background to railway mania: poverty, the Corn Laws, the Anti-Corn Law League, Chartism, accumulation of capital, poor return on industrial investments, railway dividends were relatively high, the Parliamentary beneficiaries (capitalists and landowners); the boom of 1836 had led to the creation of stock exchanges in Liverpool and Manchester, and others followed.
		The use of bricks in railway structures such as the superb stations at St Pancras and Longbenton, and in viaducts, the manufacture of bricks at Crewe, and the carriage of bricks.
		The history of lighter railways in Britain began with The Railway Construction Fascilities Act of 1864, The Regulation of Railways Act of 1868 which recognized the light railway concept, the 1870 Tramways Act (for street tramways), and the Light Railways Act of 1896 which was used for many urban tramways.
	www.steamindex.com /backtrak/ruthford.htm (12040 words)

	RAILWAY ELECTRIFICTION IN INDIA
		For main line operation, electric traction was first considered as a strategy to increase the throughput in the critical ghat sections on the then Great Indian Peninsular(GIP) Railway between Karajt and Pune on the South-East and Kasara and Igatpuri on the North-East routes from Bombay to the rest of the country.
		While the Railways were thus reviewing their norms purely from their own internal stand point, there were attempts at national level to define energy policies which should guide various sections of economy.
		The corporate plan of the Railways also visualised electrification to continue at the same rate as in the succeeding plans, so as to complete electrification of about 50% of Broad gauge system by the turn of the century.
	www.irieen.com /electrification.htm (1074 words)

	[IRFCA] Indian Railways FAQ: IR History: Early Days - 1
		In the 1840s, when the first proposals for railways in India were being debated in Great Britain, there was intense lobbying in support of these proposals by banks, traders, shipping companies, and others who had a strong interest in seeing railways be formed in India.
		Lord Dalhousie's famous Railway Minute of April 20 lays down the policy that private enterprise would be allowed to build railways in India, but that their operation would be closely supervised by the government.
		Calcutta and South-Eastern Railway, having suffered extensive losses on their Sealdah-Canning line because of floods and other problems, decide to transfer the line to the government in return for capital costs, becoming the first railway to be taken over by the state.
	www.irfca.org /faq/faq-hist.html (2323 words)

	The Railways
		The economics of the railways is covered from the initial raising of capital in the 1840s, amalgamations of the railway companies in the late 19th century to the nationalisation debate, competition with road transport and line closures in the 20th century.
		There is a letter to an MP from "a Scotchman" regarding the "regulation" of Sunday travel on the railways, (HE1(42)/133) and a statement of opposition from Eton School masters to the proposed extension of the Great Western Railway from Slough to Windsor (HE1(42)/102).
		In 1866 W. Livesey wrote "A financial scheme for the relief of the railway companies, submitted to directors, shareholders and the public for their consideration" (HE1(42)/406) and in 1867 T. Wrigley wrote "Railway reform: a plan for the separation of capital from revenue" (HE1/(42)/380).
	www.lse.ac.uk /library/pamphlets/Transport/transportpamphletpages/the_railways.htm (1585 words)

	Birth of Railways in Eastern India
		He could see the great potential of the rail transport in Bengal as a commercial venture since the province was rich in agriculture and mineral resources.
		In 1857, the East Bengal Railway (EBR) was formed to lay a track along the east bank of the Ganga to Kushthia and then across the river to Dhaka.
		The progress of construction of East Indian Railways was nothing short of 90 miles a year, in spite of numerous impediments.
	railindia.tripod.com /history_er.html (1232 words)

	History of Mumbai: Mumbai/Bombay pages
		Between the 9th and 13th centuries, the Indian ocean, and especially the Arabian Sea, was the world's center of commerce.
		In 1853 a 35-km long railway line between Thana and Bombay was inaugurated-- the first in India.
		The language riots, the reorganisation of Indian states and the see-saw politics of the country did not seem to affect the city.
	theory.theory.tifr.res.in /bombay/history (1268 words)

	Feature
		This was followed by another report prepared by the GIPR proposing electrification from VT to Igatpuri on the one hand and VT to Pune on the other.
		Soon, the Howrah-Gaya Mughalsarai on the Eastern Railway and Howrah-Tatanagar-Rourkela-Durg and the Tatanagar-Adra-Asansol sections of SER were electrified mainly to cater to the needs of the three new steel plants in the public sector built during this period – Bhilai, Rourkela and Durgapur.
		Railway electrification may be costly at the initial stage but in the long run it is economic and non-pollutant mode of traction.
	pib.nic.in /feature/feyr2000/ffeb2000/f020220002.html (1495 words)

	Mumbai's Key Attractions - Travelers Digest
		Now the headquarters of the Central Railway, this magnificent terminus building, commonly known as CST, was completed in 1888, for the Great Indian Peninsular Railway, to designs by the architect FW Stevens.
		It is one of the world’s grandest railway stations, quite the equal of New York’s Grand Central Station or London’s St Pancras station.
		The gardens in the middle of the Circle, which are open to the public, are a lush and shady retreat from the glare and bustle of the streets, a good place to break a morning’s sightseeing.
	www.travelersdigest.com /mumbai_key.htm (947 words)

	Martineau and India--Key Figures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		He was instrumental in the Great Indian Peninsular Railway project (1844-46), and published the popular "Principles of Indian Reform" in March 1853, as well as several other articles on India.
		In order to strengthen relations between British authority and Indian landowners, land revenue assessment was assigned to native zamindars, who were expected to pay taxes to the British.
		His brother John Lawrence was an administrator in the Indian civil service and was also instrumental in containing Punjab during the Mutiny.
	courses.washington.edu /hum523/india/keyfigures.shtml (476 words)

	The Week (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Most of the great temples that we see today in India were built during this period which lasted till the Ghazni-Ghori invasions in the north and the much-later fall of the Vijayanagar empire in the south.
		The last Lodi, Ibrahim, was defeated by Babar, a great grandson of Timur in the battle of Panipat which marked the beginning of Mughal rule in India.
		Indian builders, like Sujan Singh, were part of the construction, but have rarely been given their due.
	www.the-week.com /25jun26/currentevents_article10.htm#25 (18118 words)

	The Beighton Cup
		Kolkata is indeed lucky that it has at least three or four first class hockey grounds on the maidan, and this is a great advantage to run a tournament on schedule.
		Calcutta Customs was a great side those days; they had Shaukat Ali, Asad Ali, Claude Deefholts, Seaman, Mohsin, and many others who were then in the first flight of Indian hockey.
		It was a great match, full of thrills, and it was just opportunism that gave us the victory.
	www.bharatiyahockey.org /granthalaya/goal/1936/page1.htm (880 words)

	rediff.com: Mumbai's crowning glory
		Sir Jagganath Shankarshett and Sir Jamshetji Jeejeebhoy, the latter after whom the JJ School of Art and JJ Hospital are named, were the two Indian directors of the Great Indian Peninsular Railway.
		These two doyens of Mumbai, who contributed handsomely towards building the city, are also carved on the façade of the building among the 10 directors of the Great Indian Peninsular Railway.
		The two main requirements of the new status for CST was the removal of hoardings around the building and no additions to the existing structure.
	inhome.rediff.com /news/2004/jul/28vt4.htm (243 words)

	Print Article
		However, the formal opening of the railway station to public was done only on New Year's Day of 1892.
		It is believed that the station was erected over a shrine of Mumba Devi, the Goddess worshipped by Kolis, the original residents of the seven islands of Mumbai.
		In September 1999, an underground pedestrian access to the suburban railway terminus was constructed to facilitate the flow of traffic hindered by pedestrians at this daylong busy junction.
	www.indbazaar.com /travel/printhtm.asp?artid=106 (461 words)

	1928 Olympic Champions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Although Jaipal played in 3 Olympic matches, the Indian team was captained in the opening match and in the final by Eric Penniger, a sturdy centre-half from the Punjab.
		The centre-forward without equal, was the great Dhyan Chand, then 22, and a Lance Naik in the 41st Punjab Regiment of the Indian Army.
		Rex Norris from Bangalore was employed by the Great Indian Peninsular Railway.
	www.bharatiyahockey.org /1998/jun1998photo.html (352 words)

	[IRFCA] Indian Railways FAQ: Books, Timetables, Videos, etc. - II
		Author was a pioneer of the railways and promoter of the military, political, and commercial benefits of railways and telegraphs in India.
		Profusely illustrated with fl and white photographs, frontispiece map of the Indian Railway system, exhaustive description of the railways in India at the beginning of the 20th century.
		Darjeeling Himalayan Railway: An 850mm x 450mm map of the main DHR line by John Gillham is available from the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway Society of the UK.
	irfca.org /faq/faq-books2.html (4254 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Southern Spice -------------- A trip to the kingdom of Rajaraja, the great Chola king, albeit a few centuries after his time, should excite anybody vaguely familiar with the country's glorious past.
		Perhaps, a train journey on the Great Indian Peninsular Railway, might hold some fascination, no? Ah, did you say that the past is dead, done away with; who needs it anyway.
		In summary, food on this route is not a problem, as the pantry keeps you well supplied with plenty of that, also there are always the local vendors and the platforms vendors to fall back on in case of emergencies, but the pantry food is slightly expensive.
	www.cse.iitb.ac.in /~hrishik/dr-mas.txt (806 words)

	Gloucester History Waggon Works (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		As the Great War ended, the Government let the company keep some of its profits to build a sports ground in Tuffley Avenue.Later known as the Winget Ground and nowadays as Tuffley Park it is where Gloucester Cricket Festival was held for many years.
		This was probably the most luxurious railway carriage ever built and was the largest ever to be constructed in Britain at that time Built to run on 5’6'’ gauge tracks it measured 68' long by 10' wide and weighed over 50 tons.
		At least one earlier Indian Royal vehicle had included a bell code system for summoning the harem member of the Maharaja’s choice, and on this job a small boy had to be sent up into the ceiling to connect the gas and water pipes.
	www.softdata.co.uk /gloucester/wagon.htm (2866 words)

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