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Topic: Great Mosque at Cordoba

	Mezquita - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Mosque underwent numerous subsequent changes: Abd ar-Rahman III ordered a new minaret, while Al-Hakam II, in 961, enlarged the plan of the building and enriched the mihrab.
		Unique among all other mosques, the Mihrab does not point towards Mecca because the foundations of the building are borrowed from the old Roman and Visigoth constructions.
		The very year (1236) that Cordoba was recaptured from the Moors, by King Ferdinand III of Castile and rejoined Christendom, the mosque was reconsecrated a Christian church.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mezquita (724 words)

	Architecture - MSN Encarta
		The Great Mosque at Al Qayrawān in Tunisia was built in ad 670, but its well-preserved state today reflects construction of the period 817-902.
		The Great Mosque at Córdoba in Spain covers 2.4 hectares (6 acres) and was built in several stages from 786 to 965.
		The earliest remaining mosque, the Qutb, near Delhi, was begun in 1195.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761578082_7/Architecture_(building).html (1383 words)

	Mosque - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta
		Mosques are of various sizes and types; the Friday mosque—in which the...
		Blue Mosque, one the principal mosques of İstanbul, built (1609-1616) for Sultan Ahmet I by Mehmet Aga, a pupil of Sinan.
		Great Mosque (Córdoba), the Great Mosque (or Mezquita) of Córdoba excels even the better-known Alhambra as the most exquisite Islamic monument in...
	au.encarta.msn.com /Mosque.html (112 words)

	Cordoba Mosque - La Mezquita Catedral - by Infocordoba
		The Mosque of Cordoba was built during the 9th and 10th centuries and consecrated as the cathedral in 1236.
		The Great Aljama Mosque of Cordoba, begun in 786 by Abd al-Rahman I, is the highest expression of Islamic art in Spain and the most important historic mosque of the West.
		Not everyone in 16th-century Cordoba was happy about the proposed changes to the Great Mosque, however, and there was a legal battle between the church and the city hall, which the king resolved in the church's favor.
	www.infocordoba.com /spain/andalusia/cordoba/cordoba_mosque.htm (413 words)

	Adventures of Moorish Spain: Cordoba. City of The Great Mosque
		From this time on, Cordoba grew into becoming the largest and most cultural city of Europe, a clear rival to Baghdad and Cairo (founded 969), the two other great cities of the Middle East in the 10th to 13th centuries.
		Cordoba was conquered by king Fernando 3 of Castilla in 1236.
		The new lords neglected Cordoba, but beyond turning mosques into churches, little was done to destroy the heritage of Muslim art.
	lexicorient.com /spain/cordoba.htm (248 words)

	Great Mosque of Córdoba (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Great Mosque of Cordoba was considered a wonder of the medieval world by both Muslims and Christians.
		The mosque's hypostyle plan, consisting of a rectangular prayer hall and an enclosed courtyard, followed a tradition established in the Umayyad and Abbasid mosques of Syria and Iraq.
		Though the mosque was expanded by later rulers (the most significant changes dating from the reigns of 'Abd al-Rahman II between 833-852, al-Hakam II between 961-976, and the vizier al-Mansur from 987), the basic formula of arcades with alternating voussoirs was maintained in each of the additions.
	www.archnet.org /library/sites/one-site.tcl?site_id=31 (765 words)

	IslamOnline - Art & Entertainment Section (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The original great Mosque of Cordoba was built on the strong geometrical principles of the square-circle on top of the place where the pagan Roman temple of Janus and the Christian Visigoth church of St. Vincent once stood.
		Cordoba was the birthplace of the Roman stoic Seneca, the Muslim philosopher Ibn Rushd (Averroes), and the Jewish physician and philosopher Maimonides (Abu 'Imran Musa ibn Maymun ibn 'Ubayd Allah).
		Cordoba's prosperity between the 9th and 10th centuries was nurtured by the introduction of irrigation systems designs brought from Damascus which assigned water to each cultivator in proportion to land size and Yemeni irrigation techniques were employed in the distribution of water over a fixed time period.
	www.islam-online.net /English/ArtCulture/2006/04/article07.shtml (2508 words)

	Religious Architecture and Islamic Cultures
		The Great Mosque of Cordoba: probably the most exquisite mosque of western Islamic land, founded by 'Abd al-Rahman I in 786, enlarged several times, 832-48 under Abd al-Rahman II, 962 under al-Hakam II, and 987 by al-Mansur, the vizir of Hisham II (this time it was extended to the west).
		The Mosque has an intricate hypostyle arrangement with double-tiered, arched supports, ribbed domes above the maqsura, and a unique mihrab-chamber with mosaic decoration.
		A view of the mosque with the minaret tower on the left and the cathedral of Charles V in the middle.
	web.mit.edu /4.614/www/mosquecordoba.html (159 words)

	Great Mosque of Cordoba, Spain, Umayyad Mosque - Page 1
		Cordoba's most magnificent structure, the Great Mosque, was commissioned in 785 by Emir Abed aI-Rahman I after he had chosen Cordoba as his kingdom's capital.
		The al-Aqsa Mosque, Jerusalem, is built similarly to the Great Mosque of Cordoba.
		The prayer hall's size is due not merely to the mosque's importance as a spiritual center for the western Islamic empire, but also to the size of the city, with its massive population, necessitating a large prayer hall with many aisles.
	www.islamicarchitecture.org /architecture/thegreatmosquecordoba.html (1447 words)

	Mosque (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith.
		The first mosque was the house of Prophet Muhammad in Medina a city north of Mecca to which the followers of Muhammad withdrawn in 622.
		Notable mosque-types the early Abbasid mosques T-type mosques and the central-dome of Anatolia.
	www.freeglossary.com /Mosque (666 words)

	Cordoba Mosque Visitor Guide by Infocordoba
		The Great Mosque of Cordoba was among the first Universal Heritage Sites declared in Spain in 1984.
		The original mosque and the first two expansions make up about two-thirds of the width of the current building's expanse, or 11 naves extending from the west wall (to your right) up to the eastern limit of the cathedral's high altar (to your left) and extend successively southward towards the river to the Mihrab.
		In the center of the Mosque is the 16th-century Cathedral.
	www.infocordoba.com /spain/andalusia/cordoba/info/mosque/mosque_visitor_guide.htm (496 words)

	Carmen and Jim's Virtual Tour of Spain - Cordoba (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The "Mezquita de Cordoba" was begun in 784 by Abd al-Rahman I when he bought the Visigoth basilica of San Vicente which was then torn down and the mosque was built on the site.
		Between 822-852, under the reign of Abd al-Rahman II, the mosque housed an original copy of the Koran and a bone from the arm of the prophet Mohammed.
		Finally, the size of the mosque was doubled by Al Mansur in 987 AD and it became the largest mosque in the world.
	www.personal.psu.edu /staff/j/x/jxf17/spain2002/cordoba2.html (1553 words)

	Adventures of Moorish Spain: Cordoba. The Great Mosque. The Mihrab
		As with many other details of the Great Mosque, the story of the mihrab is slightly different.
		But as the Great Mosque was built on the ground of an existing building, the former cathedral, it was not correctly aligned.
		Byzantine craftsmen were brought to Cordoba, and the mihrab is often mentioned as the finest of all Moorish religious architecture.
	www.lexicorient.com /spain/cordoba04.htm (162 words)

	Great Mosque Of Cordoba - Cordoba Direct
		Cordoba's Great Mosque was the Mecca of the West under Moorish rule.
		The Great Mosque, Cordoba (784-6, 961-6, 987-90, and other restorations) The double horseshoe arcades of the prayer-hall...
		Cordoba, Spain was a significant cultural center during the rule of the Umayyad caliphate in the tenth century.
	www.drfisherforsenate.org /great-mosque-of-cordoba.html (316 words)

	Week VIII ASIAN RELIGIONS AND ART: ISLAM
		The interior of the Mosque at Cordoba is a vast space, 178 meters on the north-south axis and 125 meters on the east-west axis.
		The youngest of the world's great religions, Islam developed in Arabia in the sixth century A.D. The area had b een a frontier of the Roman Empire and was a land of independent nomadic tribes, a few outposts of trade and conflicting religious traditions.
		Mosques of all periods have one element in common - the marking of t he qibla, the direction to which Muslims must turn in prayer.
	www.pitt.edu /~asian/week-8/week-8.html (2621 words)

	Cordoba the magnificent - Cordoba, Spain during the height of Muslim rule - Al-Andalus: where three worlds met UNESCO ...
		BEFORE the foundation of the Umayyad caliphate by 'Abd al-Rahman III at Cordoba in 929, the cultural and scientific development of Muslim Spain had been that of a modest offshoot of a simple provincial Arab Muslim culture that was highly dependent on Oriental Islam.
		The city was the centre of a strong and respected power which sought, consciously or unconsciously, to equal the prestige of the 'Abbasid caliphate of Baghdad at the height of its splendour and to create in al-Andalus the conditions for similar achievements.
		The most outstanding features of the part of the Great Mosque built during the caliphate are undoubtedly the magnificent domes in the antechamber to the mihrab and above the central nave leading to it.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1310/is_1991_Dec/ai_11863997 (813 words)

	Mosques - History for Kids!
		The first mosques were built around 700 AD, when the Arabs first conquered Jerusalem and other parts of West Asia.
		One of the earliest mosques is the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, which is built on the place where the Jewish Temple once stood.
		The architecture of mosques depends on where you are and when the mosque was built, and there are many different styles.
	www.historyforkids.org /learn/islam/architecture/mosque.htm (416 words)

	Cordoba Spain, the Mezquita Cordoba Mosque
		When the mosque was used for Moslem prayer, all nineteen naves were open to this courtyard allowing the rows of interior columns to appear like an extension of the tree with brilliant shafts of sunlight filtering through.
		In the centre of the mosque squats a Renaissance cathedral which dates back to the early sixteenth century while, to the left is the Capilla de Villaviciosa built by Moorish craftsmen in 1371.
		The Mosque was consecrated as a Christian Cathedral in the same year that Cordoba was re-conquered (1236).
	www.andalucia.com /cities/cordoba/mosque.htm (665 words)

	Cordoba Tourist Information
		This Mosque dates back to 785 and was by far the biggest and most beautiful one constructed by the Moors in Spain and will be the highlight of your stay.
		And a stroll across the Roman bridge past the Moorish waterwheels to the other side of the Guadalquivir river is a great spot for a panoramic view of the historical heart of the city which is particularly beautiful at sunset.
		Cordoba's Mosque is one of the finest examples of Islamic art in the west.
	www.spanish-fiestas.com /cordoba/Default.htm (540 words)

	Cordoba Mosque and Cathedral
		In the 16th century, Charles V decided to construct a cathedral in the middle of the mosque, putting his Christian stamp on this Muslim monument.
		Mingling with the original elements of the mosque, such as the polylobed striped arches, the cathedral places Christian symbols and functions on top of this major site of Islamic art and architecture.
		This is a clear example of triumphalist appropriation since Charles V simply desired the power associated with the Great Mosque, with no regard to the religious function.
	www.tufts.edu /programs/mma/fah189/2005/padhi/cordoba.html (181 words)

	The Great Mosque of Cordoba
		Although its exterior has gone through many transformations, the interior of the Great Mosque of Cordoba in Spain is probably one of the best known in Islamic architecture.
		These days the mosque is an awkward assortment of architectural styles, with its many phases of Islamic expansion combined with a later Gothic transformation.
		The original hall was as small as nine naves and twelve bays arranged perpendicularly to the qibla wall (the wall facing Mecca).
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/arabic_islamic_architecture/35956 (525 words)

	Mezquita - Great Mosque of Cordoba Spain
		The Mezquita of Cordoba is the world's third largest Mosque and along with Granada's Alhambra Palace is the finest example of Islamic Art in the Western world.
		In all it took some two centuries to complete the building and the Great Mosque which became the main place of worship in Cordoba, a city of over 100,000 people and 500 mosques.
		Córdoba was captured by Ferdinand III of Castile in 1236 and a Christian church was built within the walls of the Great Mosque.
	www.spanish-fiestas.com /cordoba/mezquita.htm (310 words)

	Moses Maimonides, A conference at Yale University
		Minaret of the Great Mosque of Cordoba, as seen from the interior courtyard.
		Great Mosque of Cordoba, view of the mihrab, built in 961 under Al-Hakim.
		Great Mosque of Cordoba; interior view of Al Mansur's extension of the mosque of 978/9 to East.
	www.library.yale.edu /judaica/maimonides/spain.html (359 words)

	ArchitectureWeek - Culture - Postcard from Cordoba - 2006.0118
		The Great Mosque of Cordoba, Spain (also known as La Mesquita) is a famous architectural and cultural collage.
		The history of the building is also an amalgam: Between 784-786, the Great Mosque of Cordoba was built on the site of the Visigothic church San Vicente, which itself had been built over the ruins of an early Roman temple.
		The striking red and white arches of the large, low mosque remain in stark contrast to the glorious and pointed gothic interior with its flying buttresses and ornamental ceilings.
	www.architectureweek.com /2006/0118/culture_1-1.html (365 words)

	Mezquita de Cordoba - Cordoba, Spain
		The Mezquita (Spanish for "Mosque") of Cordoba, Spain is a beautiful and fascinating 8th-century mosque/cathedral combination that symbolizes the many religious changes Cordoba has undergone over the centuries.
		Today, it is the cathedral of Cordoba (officially the Cathedral of St. Mary of the Assumption) and no longer a mosque, but the vast majority of its architecture owes its origin to the Islamic architects who built it as a mosque in the 8th century.
		In 1236, Cordoba was recaptured from the Moors by King Ferdinand III of Castile and rejoined Christendom.
	www.sacred-destinations.com /spain/cordoba-mezquita.htm (1021 words)

	Kevorkian Center - Andalusia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The governors of Andalusia chose Cordoba as the site of their capital and the Great Mosque of Cordoba was the first public structure they commissioned.
		The mosque contains a mihrab, or a prayer niche, which is built into the qibla, or the wall facing Mecca.
		The interior of the mosque in Cordoba (slide 6) is famous for its bi-colored stone arches, a feature unique in all of early Islamic architecture.
	www.nyu.edu /gsas/program/neareast/andalusia/1_p3_text.html (170 words)

	Caliph of Córdoba - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The interior of the Great Mosque in Córdoba, now a Christian cathedral.
		The mosque, known as the Mezquita in Spanish, is one of the finest examples of Islamic architecture pioneered by the Umayyad dynasty of Spain.
		This period was characterized by remarkable success in trade and culture; many of the masterpieces of Islamic Spain were constructed in this period, including the famous Great Mosque of Córdoba.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Caliph_of_Cordoba (794 words)

	Culture Page - Issue 35 - Yemen Times (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The first expansion of the mosque took place in the eighty sixth year of Hijra during the rule of Al-Waleed bin Abdulmalik bin Marwan, who was one of the great Muslims Chalifes.
		The Great Mosque is 80 meters long from north to south and 60 meters wide from west to east.
		The Great Mosque has inspired the minds and hearts of Yemenis as they see it as one of the of Prophet's blessings and consider it a place where they go to ask for God's forgiveness.
	www.yementimes.com /02/iss35/culture.htm (1741 words)

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