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	Great Observatories program - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		NASA's series of Great Observatories satellites were four large, powerful space-based telescopes.
		Spitzer was the only one of the Great Observatories not launched by the Space Shuttle.
		One example of observatory synergy is solar system and asteroid studies.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Great_Observatories_program (1770 words)

	About Spitzer: Great Observatories
		The second Great Observatory was launched and deployed by a Shuttle in 1991: the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (CGRO).
		The third member of the Great Observatory family, the Chandra X-Ray Observatory(CXO), was deployed from a Shuttle and boosted into a high-Earth orbit, in July 1999.
		This observatory is observing such objects as fl holes, quasars, and high-temperature gases throughout the x-ray portion of the EM spectrum.
	www.spitzer.caltech.edu /about/greatobs.shtml (320 words)

	NASA - Spotlight: Observatory Boldly Goes Where the Human Eye Cannot
		Contributing to the observatory's lightness is a sturdy, heat-resistant telescope, with a total mass of less than 110 pounds (50 kilograms).
		The observatory cannot point closer than 80 degrees in the direction of the Sun, in order to minimize the heating of the telescope by solar radiation.
		JPL is responsible for the observatory's mission operations, while all scientific data is processed at the Space Infrared Telescope Facility Science Center at Caltech.
	www.nasa.gov /vision/universe/starsgalaxies/sirtf_031703.html (990 words)

	SPACE.com -- The Space Infrared Telescope Facility will miss its December 2001 launch date because of a problem with an ...
		SIRTF is billed as the final element of NASA's "Great Observatories" program, a project conceived more than two decades ago to develop and launch a series of space-based telescopes that would perform world-class science not possible with ground-based telescopes over a wide range of wavelengths.
		The cornerstone of the Great Observatories program is the Hubble Space Telescope, launched in 1990.
		The third Great Observatories spacecraft, the Chandra X-ray Observatory, was launched in July of last year.
	www.space.com /scienceastronomy/astronomy/sirtf_delay_000828.html (653 words)

	Beyond Einstein Great Observatories
		It will set important limits on background radiation from the early Universe and from catastrophic events, such as phase transitions in the vacuum or changes in the dimensionality of the Universe.
		Both Constellation-X and LISA are critical to the goals of the Beyond Einstein program.
		One of these great observatories will begin development at the beginning of the program, and the other will begin development approximately three years later.
	universe.nasa.gov /program/observatories.html (382 words)

	Hubble (HST)
		The HST (Hubble Space Telescope) was the first and flagship mission of NASA's Great Observatories program.
		Designed to complement the wavelength capabilities of the other spacecraft in the program (CGRO, AXAF, and SIRTF), HST was a 2.4 m, f/24 Ritchey-Chretien telescope capable of performing observations in the visible, near-ultraviolet, and near-infrared (1150 A to 1 mm).
		Placed into a low-earth orbit by the space shuttle, HST was designed to be modular so that on subsequent shuttle missions it could be recovered, have faulty or obsolete parts replaced with new and/or improved instruments, and be re-released.
	space.skyrocket.de /doc_sdat/hst.htm (528 words)

	AdvanceSpace
		Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF) is the final element in NASA's Great Observatories Program and a cornerstone of the new Astronomical Search for Origins Program.
		It is a space-based observatory that consists of a 0.85-meter telescope and three cryogenically-cooled sensors capable of imaging and spectroscopy in the 3 to 180 micron wavelength range.
		is the second of NASA's Great Observatories with four sensors that cover the electromagnetic spectrum from 30 keV to 30 GeV.
	www.advancespace.com /Space_Telescopes.html (142 words)

	About GLIMPSE and Spitzer
		Spitzer is the final element in NASA's Great Observatories Program, and part of the Astronomical Search for Origins program.
		GLIMPSE is part of the Spitzer Legacy Science Program, which was designed to maximize the scientific utility of Spitzer by yielding an early and long-lasting scientific heritage.
		The Great Observatories program consists of four space borne observatories, the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO), the Chandra X-Ray Observatory (CXO), and Spitzer.
	www.astro.wisc.edu /sirtf/glimpse-about.html (724 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The largest such program of its kind, the Hubble Fellowship Program will help ensure that some of the best young scientific talent in astronomy and physics will be awarded an opportunity to conduct important research on challenging discoveries using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope (HST).
		HST is the flagship of NASA's Great Observatories Program, where major scientific spacecraft will be lofted above Earth's atmosphere to yield an unprecedented view of the universe across a broad swath of the electromagnetic spectrum.
		The highly qualified post-doctoral scientists selected for this program will have an opportunity to conduct HST-related research of their choice at participating astronomical institutions throughout the U.S. To avoid an excessive concentration of talent at any one astronomy institution, no more than two fellows per year are approved for any single institution.
	science.ksc.nasa.gov /shuttle/missions/status/r90-38 (385 words)

	The Space Review: Review: The Last of the Great Observatories
		The challenges faced by the project are engagingly described in The Last of the Great Observatories, by George Rieke, one of the project’s key scientists.
		Those changes were forced upon the program by changing budgets and political pressures on the agency in general and SIRTF in particular.
		Perhaps the most interesting aspect of The Last of the Great Observatories is seeing the multiple roles that Rieke, a scientist by profession, is forced into in order to ensure the success of his mission.
	www.thespacereview.com /article/620/1 (693 words)

	ray X Observatories Astronomy Science
		Visitors will be treated to amazing images taken from the most advanced observatories, form the Hubble Space Telescope to the Chandra x-ray Observatory.
		Over the years, the Great Observatories - Hubble, Spitzer, the Chandra X-ray Observatory and the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory have been "phenomenally...
		According to the researchers, while the lifetime of the X-ray producing particles is...
	www.iaswww.com /ODP/Science/Astronomy/Observatories/X-ray (191 words)

	Lawrence University Press Release (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		APPLETON, WIS. -- Robert Gehrz, president of the American Astronomical Society, discusses the current status and mission of the fourth and final satellite in NASA's Great Observatories Program Wednesday, May 30 in a Lawrence University science hall colloquium.
		Started in 1990 with the launch of the Hubble Telescope, the Great Observatories Program i provides scientific data on the cosmos through astronomical studies conducted over many different wavelengths, including gamma, ultraviolet and infrared.
		The SIRTF is a cryogenically-cooled infrared observatory capable of studying objects ranging from within our own solar system to the distant reaches of the universe
	www.lawrence.edu /dept/public_affairs/media/release/0001/gehrz.html (180 words)

	HubbleSite - HubbleMinute: Amazing Space "Galileo to the Great Observatories: Telescopes from the Ground Up" - Video - ...
		The program is unique in its application of on-line tools to build skills for a knowledge base to understand the concepts in the program.
		The Amazing Space educational website launches "Galileo to the Great Observatories" an interactive program that covers the history, technology and people from the 10 big eras of telescopes.
		The Amazing Space "Galileo to Great Observatories" online lesson has interactive tools for understanding concepts such as the effects of telescope lenses and light.
	hubblesite.org /newscenter/newsdesk/archive/releases/2005/12/video/g (315 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Great Observatories, a series of four space-borne observatories designed to conduct astronomical studies over many different wavelengths (infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays) were conceived.
		An important aspect of the Great Observatory program was to overlap the operations phases of the missions to enable astronomers to make contemporaneous observations of an object at different wavelengths.
		This symposium will highlight the achievements of all four observatories, point out some of the challenges faced by them, and assess their historical impact.
	php.aaas.org /meetings/MPE_01.php?detail=788 (189 words)

	Podcast Directory -- Spitzer Space Telescope Podcast
		Robert Hurt speaks with Dr. Dean Hines by phone about the discovery of an asteroid belt similar to our own around a very young star, and what that might mean for the abundance of planets in the galaxy.
		A teacher and three high school students from the Phillips Exeter Academy visit the Spitzer Science Center, and discuss their participation in a research program to look for dusty, young stars.
		Lin Yan discusses her recent discovery of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (or PAHs) in galaxies when our universe was one-fourth of its current age of about 14 billion years -- long before astronomers previously thought organic compounds could have formed.
	www.podarchive.com /Podcast/spitzer_space_telescope_podcast_21227 (678 words)

	GNN Profile: hungeski (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Thirdly, Bush tried to mislead the American public that the program was needed to watch terrorists, and that other presidents had done the same with court backing.
		In 1990 NASA sent space shuttle Discovery to launch the Hubble telescope, the first of its four “great observatories”, each detecting a different radiation band – infra-red, visible light, x-rays and gamma rays.
		But when a great scholar like Professor Kittredge interprets what the master said, it is “as if new sight were given the blind.” He brings back Shakespeare, the poet.
	hungeski.gnn.tv /?page=2 (6898 words)

	Space Infrared Telescope Facility takes a step forward (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In addition to its role in the Great Observatories Program, SIRTF also marks the first major step in NASA's Origins Program, a series of missions designed to study the formation and evolution of galaxies, stars, planets and the entire universe.
		SIRTF's three instruments are being provided by a trio of principal investigators, one each from Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA and the University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.
		Some of SIRTF's innovations include a unique solar orbit (trailing the Earth as it moves around the Sun), state-of-the-art infrared technology, a new, lightweight cryogenic telescope made entirely of beryllium, and a cost-saving telescope cooling system that reduces the amount of cryogen used to maintain the low temperatures needed for sensitive infrared observations.
	www.jpl.nasa.gov /releases/96/srtphb.html (489 words)

	[48.01] SIRTF: A Name in Space; Renaming a NASA Observatory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Space InfraRed Telescope Facility (SIRTF) is a space-borne, cryogenically-cooled infrared observatory capable of studying objects ranging from our Solar System to the distant reaches of the Universe.
		SIRTF is the final element in NASA's Great observatories Program, and an important scientific and technical cornerstone of the new Astronomical Search for Origins Program.
		Following the tradition of the Great Observatories, NASA intends to rename SIRTF by the time of its launch.
	www.aas.org /publications/baas/v33n4/aas199/49.htm (168 words)

	Spotlight: Observatory Boldly Goes Where Human Eye Cannot \| SpaceRef - Your Space Reference
		Spotlight: Observatory Boldly Goes Where Human Eye Cannot
		The space-based observatory, managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., is scheduled to launch in mid-April.
		The observatory will then drift away from Earth at the rate of about 1 astronomical unit per year.
	www.spaceref.com /news/viewpr.html?pid=10994 (1206 words)

	Boeing: Multimedia - Image Gallery - Delta II Launch Vehicle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Last of NASA's Great Observatories Launched by 300th Delta Rocket
		Telemetry data indicated that the launch vehicle successfully deployed SIRTF to a solar orbit.
		SIRTF is the last of NASA's Great Observatories program, which includes the Hubble Space Telescope, and the Chandra X-Ray and Compton Gamma Ray Observatories.
	boeing.com /companyoffices/gallery/images/space/delta2_sirtf_01.html (189 words)

	User:Linuxbeak/Desk - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		NASA, especially Apollo Program and Space Shuttle program
		Large-scale stub sorting, some copyediting, copyright violation tagging, general cleanup
		Eagle (talk) (desk) 01:58, 15 March 2006 (UTC) Active...But where are my tasks???(though right now I am programming a bot to help identify mislabled articles with clean-up on them and change them to wikify or cleanup-list or disambig-cleanup
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/User:Linuxbeak/Desk (1270 words)

	APOD: 2003 September 5 - SIRTF Streak (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The dramatic scene was recorded in a time exposure from the pier in Jetty Park at the northern end of Cocoa Beach, Florida, about 2.5 miles from the Cape Canaveral launch site.
		The three other large astrophysics satellites were designed for higher energies in the electromagnetic spectrum, with the Hubble Space Telescope operating near visible wavelengths, the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory instruments sensitive to gamma rays, and the Chandra Observatory detecting cosmic x-rays.
		SIRTF has been launched into an Earth-trailing solar orbit to reduce its exposure to infrared radiation from our fair planet.
	antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov /apod/ap030905.html (187 words)

	First-Ever Double Helix Nebula Found in Central Milky Way
		Astronomers took a picture of the nebula (shown below) using the Spitzer infrared space telescope, one of NASA’s four “great observatories”, each of which detects a different radiation band
		The picture covers about 80 light years of the nebula’s length and shows the two intertwined strands of space dust and gas forming the double helix, which is also the shape of DNA molecules.
		Its cold and clear and looks great, Billions and Billions of stars.
	hungeski.gnn.tv /blogs/13986/First_Ever_Double_Helix_Nebula_Found_in... (751 words)

	Space 5 - Science : Space : Rugs Design
		Spitzer Space Telescope NASA s Spitzer Space Telescope is a space-based infrared observatory, part of NASA s Great Observatories program (which also includes Hubble, Chandra, and Compton).
		Welcome to CSXT - the Civilian Space eXploration Team Our all-civilian rocketry organization is a pioneer in designing and building high-altitude rockets.
		International Space Station - Sitemap The International Space Station program - for which Boeing is NASA s prime contractor - draws upon the resources and the scientific and technological expertise of 16 cooperating nations, including the United States, Canada, Japan, Brazil, Russia and 11 member nations of the European Space Agency.
	www.rugs-design.com /dir/Science/Space_5 (472 words)

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