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	The Great Apes
		There are four kinds of great apes: gorillas, orangutans, chimpanzees, and bonobos.
		Apes are larger, have fewer young (and spend a longer time raising them), spend more time upright, and depend more on their eyes than on their noses.
		But great apes are born helpless and must be carefully nurtured by their mothers.
	www.factmonster.com /spot/ape1.html (383 words)

	Ape - MSN Encarta
		Apes are sometimes confused with monkeys, but unlike their smaller primate counterparts, apes do not have tails and their arms are usually longer than their legs.
		The great apes include the gorilla, the orangutan, and two species of chimpanzee: the common chimp and the bonobo (sometimes called the pygmy chimpanzee).
		Great apes are considerably larger, particularly male gorillas, which can be as tall as 1.8 m (about 6 ft) and weigh up to a quarter ton, making them by far the largest apes alive today.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761556424/Ape.html (1303 words)

	Gorilla Threats, Chimpanzee Information, Endangered Apes
		Great apes of Africa and Asia could face extinction in the next few decades if more is not done to conserve them.
		Africa's great apes -- gorillas, chimpanzees and bonobos -- live in war-torn regions and are threatened by hunting for the commercial bushmeat trade.
		Asia's only great ape, the orangutan, is also losing much of its habitat to deforestation and deliberate burning to make way for agriculture and oil palm plantations.
	www.worldwildlife.org /apes/index.cfm (185 words)

	Kenan Malik's debate with Peter Singer on rights for apes
		The great apes (chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans) are not only our closest relatives; they are also, more importantly, beings who possess many of the characteristics which we consider distinctive in our own species.
		For a typical great ape is the intellectual equal, or superior, of millions of young or disabled humans whose rights to life, liberty and freedom from torture we do recognise.
		Apes are not humans, but are entitled to the same rights as those we grant to all humans-remembering that we grant these rights to humans who are no more capable of becoming part of a reciprocal moral arrangement than are apes.
	www.kenanmalik.com /essays/singer_debate.html (2906 words)

	Great Apes and Other Primates - National Zoo\| FONZ
		Great Ape Trust of Iowa (GAT) to continue cognitive research projects with Dr. Robert Shumaker.
		The organgutans, which can travel along the O Line between the Great Ape House and Think Tank, are temporarily inside the Great Ape House.
		On any given day, you could see orangutans traveling from the Great Ape House to Think Tank and back on the O Line.
	nationalzoo.si.edu /Animals/Primates (623 words)

	GLOBIO Press release: Poverty will make the great apes history
		By conserving the habitats of the great apes, we are helping to overcome poverty and to conserve the natural wealth upon which current and future human generations depend.
		Habitat fragmentation is a hazard as it isolates great ape populations from one another, increasing their vulnerability to random events such as forest fire and the longer-term genetic impacts of inbreeding.
		Great apes are also susceptible to snares set for other species such as antelopes.
	globio.info /press/2005-09-01.cfm (2136 words)

	Great Ape Trust, Des Moines, Iowa
		Great Ape Trust’s Apes Helping Apes art exhibit sold out of paintings less than a week after it opened, raising nearly $10,000 to assist conservation initiatives for the four types of great ape — bonobos, chimpanzees and gorillas in Africa and orangutans in Asia.
		Washoe, a female chimpanzee, was the first great ape to acquire human language, crossing a line scientists previously had thought to be impermeable.
		Great Ape Trust of Iowa has issued a statement on private ownership of apes and their use in advertising and entertainment.
	www.greatapetrust.org (279 words)

	The Jane Goodall Institute
		Sadly, the great apes are endangered; some experts think they may be extinct in the wild in 10 or 15 years.
		Deforestation and roads created by loggers and miners means chimpanzees and other great apes are forced to live in smaller and small areas and separated into small populations.
		The great apes are being hunted for meat.
	www.janegoodall.org /jane/study-corner/footsteps/great-apes.asp (487 words)

	The Great Apes
		The Great Apes are large primates found in different parts of the world.
		Great apes are larger than the Lesser Apes, which consists of the different species of gibbons and siamangs.
		Orangutans are great apes found on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra.
	www.angelfire.com /punk2/naturalpeace/greatapes.html (938 words)

	The Wittern Group, Great Ape Trust, Des Moines, Iowa
		One day, an ape at Great Ape Trust will be able to communicate with a fellow primate in Japan, for example, and give him or her a box of raisins.
		Great Ape Trust is dedicated to providing sanctuary and an honorable life for great apes, studying the intelligence of great apes, advancing conservation of great apes and providing unique educational experiences about great apes.
		Great Ape Trust of Iowa is a 501© 3 not-for-profit organization and is certified by the American Zoo and Aquarium Association (AZA).
	www.iowagreatapes.org /about/partners/wittern.php (847 words)

	William H. Calvin, Great Ape Portraits (2005)
		Apes are a branch of the Old World Monkeys that lost their tail, evolved very versatile shoulder joints, and doubled brain size.
		Apes are "super monkeys" and humans are "super apes," having developed upright posture in the last 6 million years and then tripled brain size over that of the great apes starting about 2.5 million years ago.
		Even in the lesser apes, one seldom sees the postures and facial expressions, so reminiscent of humans, that are frequent in the great apes (gorillas, orangutans, chimpanzees, and bonobos).
	williamcalvin.com /portraits/apes.htm (649 words)

	ScienceDaily: New Fossil May Be Closest Yet To Ancestor Of All Great Apes
		The great apes, which now include orangutans, chimpanzees, gorillas and humans, are thought to have diverged from the lesser apes, a group that contains modern gibbons and siamangs, about 11 to 16 million years ago.
		For example, Pierolapithecus' ribcage, or thorax, is similar to that of modern great apes because it is wider and flatter than a monkey ribcage, the researchers report.
		In both Pierolapithecus and modern great apes, the lumbar section of the lower spine is relatively short and stiff.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2004/11/041123211616.htm (1451 words)

	Census isn’t complete until great apes are counted (Site not responding. Last check: )
		For example, in the case of nonhuman great apes used in entertainment, it is important to note that film and ad makers usually use very young, dependent babies.
		Formal acknowledgement of nonhuman great apes, as well as a commitment to their quality of life, must become a public issue.
		Nonhuman great apes must be recognized as the individuals they are, and the injustices they suffer must be made visible.
	seattlepi.nwsource.com /opinion/apes05.shtml (878 words)

	The Canadian Great Ape Alliance
		The great apes of Africa are being pushed to extinction.
		Because the Great Apes appear to experience life similarly to humans, I believe that taking the lives of these sentient creatures and causing them suffering raises the same ethical questions as it would for human death and injury.
		With the survival of the Great Apes already in peril, and because humans share as much as 98% of their DNA with apes, through their disappearance it may well be that we could lose part of what it means to be human.
	www.great-apes.com /papers/demise.htm (1452 words)

	The Great Apes Survival Project (GRASP)
		The Great Apes Survival Project (GRASP) Partnership launched under UN auspices in 2001 and aims to establish strategies for all regions of Africa and Asia which still have ape populations.
		GRASP mission is to conserve viable, wild populations of every kind of great ape, and to make sure that where they interact with people, those interactions are mutually beneficial and sustainable.
		The problem is that little is known about great ape distributions, densities, and threats at the scales needed to identify those priority populations.
	www.whrc.org /africa/prioritypops (310 words)

	Last Chance to Save Great Apes from Extinction
		Habitats are being disturbed by farmers and miners, and destroyed by loggers, and the apes are being killed for food.
		The great zoos of the world have begun to see themselves as "Noah's arks" which will have to keep a population of captive apes alive when all the wild apes have perished.
		Grasp will work with Ape Alliance, the World Wide Fund for Nature and other campaigning groups to extend protected areas, equip wardens and rangers and educate local people in the economic potential, as tourist attractions, of the great apes that live nearby.
	www.commondreams.org /headlines01/0521-03.htm (877 words)

	<Defra, UK - News releases 2006: UK government commits over £100,000 to great apes>
		The first CITES Great Ape Enforcement Task Force meeting, likely to be hosted by UNEP in Nairobi later this year, will benefit from a Defra contribution of £22, 000.
		Mr Gardiner said it was hoped that ten great ape range states in Africa and South East Asia would send wildlife enforcement officials to the meeting.
		The great apes are the closest living relatives to man, bonobos sharing 98.4 per cent of our DNA, gorillas 97.7 per cent and orang-utans 96.4 per cent.
	www.defra.gov.uk /news/2006/060728b.htm (801 words)

	The Nature of Great Apes
		Great apes live in the rain forests of Borneo and Sumatra and across parts of tropical Africa.
		Orangutans are the loners of the ape world; often males and females meet only to mate--and females may be receptive once every six or seven years.
		The great apes are tropical animals and their daily lives are dictated by the diurnal cycle that splits the day into equal parts light and dark.
	www.geocities.com /gildersm/greatapes.html (1064 words)

	Bushmeat Project; Save the Great Apes; Chimps and Gorillas
		Great apes -- gorillas, chimpanzees, and bonobos -- are being hunted to extinction for commercial bushmeat in the equatorial forests of west and central Africa.
		People pay a premium to eat more great apes each year than are now kept in all the zoos and laboratories of the world.
		Villagers hunters and elders have begun to integrate their own legends about apes and monkeys into the values education curricula, and are taking on the conservation education mission.
	bushmeat.net /about.html (1086 words)

	Great Apes Face the Threat of Extinction - Associated Content
		Apes are distinguished from monkeys by the complete absence of a tail, by the presence of an appendix, and by their more complex brains.
		Apes typically move about by swinging, or brachiation; they also display a tendency to stand erect and, occasionally, to move bipedally, especially when carrying an object.
		According to a report in Guardian, the great apes face extinction in the wild until action is taken to conserve them.
	www.associatedcontent.com /article/52432/great_apes_face_the_threat_of_extinction.html (546 words)

	FCCB - Great Ape Aging Project
		The Great Ape Aging Project involves noninvasive monitoring of health, cognition, and behavior of the oldest great apes (chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, and orangutans) in research facilities and zoological gardens.
		Information on the great apes is especially important with regard to understanding human aging, because apes resemble humans-- genetically, biologically, and psychologically more than any other kind of animal.
		Most of the elderly great apes in America are enrolled in the Great Ape Aging Project, and funding from the National Institute on Aging has provided partial support for some of the oldest apes.
	www.agingapes.org /greatapeagingproject.html (164 words)

	YMB @ Intergovernmental Meeting on Great Apes and 1st GRASP Council Meeting
		Toshisada Nishida, congratulated the GRASP Partnership highlighting its contribution to great ape data and noting the trend towards great ape extinction.
		He concluded by suggesting great apes and their habitat can be considered of outstanding universal value under the World Heritage Convention and, therefore great ape habitats should be designated as World Heritage sites and great apes as the first World Heritage species.
		As UNEP Executive Director, he emphasized UNEP’s involvement in the GRASP Partnership and the interlinking of the survival of the great apes with the fight against poverty and highlighted the upcoming 2005 World Summit in New York.
	www.iisd.ca /sd/IGMkinshasa (1944 words)

	Halfbakery: Human surrogate mothers for great apes
		From the reality TV perspective, no doubt the first great ape with a surrogate mother would be famous even before its birth.
		I've a great book called Arc Baby which is set in the UK during a fertility crisis.
		Great Apes by Will Self is another good one in which the roles of humans and apes are transposed.
	www.halfbakery.com /idea/Human_20surrogate_20mothers_20for_20great_20apes (935 words)

	great apes rights article learnenglish
		Chimpanzees, and the other great apes - gorillas, orang-utans and bonobos (pygmy chimps) - are always one of the favourite attractions in any zoo.
		Scientists who use apes and other animals for medical and other scientific research fear that this is just the first stage in a process that will lead to a ban on using all animals for research.
		Yet another argument by those who do not support GAP, is that the human-like qualities of the great apes have been exaggerated for political reasons, and that this has led people to exaggerate the similarities between humans and other great apes, and to ignore the differences.
	www.learnenglish.org.uk /magazine/great_apes.html (1110 words)

	Great "Apes' / Under Tim Burton's hand, this sci-fi warhorse has evolved into something splendid
		These apes -- played to greatest effect among them by Helena Bonham Carter and Tim Roth -- not only have teeth and expressive lips and speak English, some of them have false teeth, too.
		She defies ape leadership and sides with the humans.
		The fighting apes are capable of taking great bouncing leaps and pouncing suddenly.
	www.sfgate.com /cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/reviews/movies/PLANETOFTHEAPES.DTL&type=printable (793 words)

	NPR : Interviews: Saving the World's Great Apes
		The chimp is one of the great ape species, and genetically closest to humans.
		The Great Apes Survival Project (GRASP) brings together the most influential conservation groups and government agencies under one umbrella, with one simple goal: "conserve viable, wild populations of every kind of great ape and to make sure that, where they interact with people, those interactions are mutually positive and sustainable."
		Mark Leighton, executive director of a foundation called the Great Ape World Heritage Species Project, also serves on the scientific commission of GRASP and is a professor of biological anthropology at Harvard University.
	www.npr.org /templates/story/story.php?storyId=4839078 (529 words)

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