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Topic: Green Revolution

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Agricultural revolution

Agricultural science

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Genetically modified organism

	Green Revolution Summary
		Green revolution refers to the breeding and widespread use of new varieties of cereal grains, especially wheat and rice.
		The Green Revolution (not to be confused with "green" as in the environmental movement) was a dramatic increase in grain yields (especially wheat and rice) in the 1960s and 1970s, made possible by the Rockefeller Foundation's development of high-yielding wheat and rice varieties starting in the 1950s.
		Green Revolution techniques can be prohibitively expensive for small, household-based operations, thus the Green Revolution precipitated, in some places, the concentration of land ownership (not always through legal means) in governments and businesses in the developing world, displacing significant numbers of subsistance peasants households.
	www.bookrags.com /Green_Revolution (6629 words)

	Green Revolution - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		GREEN REVOLUTION [Green Revolution] term referring mainly to dramatic increases in cereal-grain yields in many developing countries beginning in the late 1960s, due largely to use of genetically improved varieties.
		Recent research responds to criticism that the Green Revolution depends on fertilizers, irrigation, and other factors that poor farmers cannot afford and that may be ecologically harmful; and that it promotes monocultures and loss of genetic diversity.
		Green revolution and labor demand in rice farming: the case of Central Luzon, 1966-90.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-greenr1ev.html (419 words)

	India's Green Revolution
		From the Bengal Famine to the Green Revolution
		The Green Revolution spanning the period from 1967-68 to 1977-78 changed India from a starving nation to one of the world's leading agricultural nation.
		However, the term "Green Revolution" is applied to the period from 1967 to 1978.
	www.indiaonestop.com /Greenrevolution.htm (1276 words)

	A Green Revolution - Southeast Asia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The term “Green Revolution” is used for big increases in wheat and rice yields in developing countries from the 1960s brought about by new high-yielding crop strains combined with the use of fertilizers and agricultural chemicals.
		The Green Revolution in Southeast Asia was a technology package comprising improved high-yielding varieties of rice, irrigation or controlled water supply, improved moisture utilization, fertilizers and pesticides, and associated management skills.
		The Green Revolution was the foundation for startling economic growth in Southeast Asia.
	www.berkshirepublishing.com /rvw/015/015smpl2.htm (1262 words)

	GC SLAMS
		With the development of the popularly termed 'terminator' or sterile seed technology, the farmer is reduced to a helpless consumer, not a partner as in the case of the Green Revolution.
		Despite its other faults, the Green Revolution was able to put out a number of crop varieties in a short span of time that enabled direct yield increases, which brought immediate benefits to farmers.
		India had participated enthusiastically in the Green Revolution and is on its way to equally enthusiastically embrace the Gene revolution or Agbiotechnology.
	www.genecampaign.org /News/green-revolution.htm (1283 words)

	The Green Chemistry Revolution
		"Green chemistry is a new science which will bring all the benefits of chemistry without the costs to the environment," says McGill's Professor Emeritus of Chemistry Tak-Hang Chan, a pioneer in the field.
		Green chemistry is by nature environmentally friendly, but it can also be cost effective for businesses, which could, for instance, end up spending far less on toxic clean-up in their manufacturing processes.
		With the threat of environmental collapse constantly in the news, the ratification of the Kyoto Accord and the promise of increasingly stringent regulations on industrial waste, green chemistry is rapidly becoming a University research priority.
	www.mcgill.ca /news/2005/summer/green (1109 words)

	The Green Revolution in the Punjab
		A wealthy Punjabi farmer standing in a field of one of the high-yielding varieties of wheat on which the Green Revolution is based.
		A host of new institutions were established to provide the research required to develop further the Green Revolution, to disseminate the seeds, and to educate people in the appropriate agricultural techniques.
		The strategy and rhetoric are the same; farmers are being encouraged to replace the “old technologies” of the first revolution with the new biotechnologies of the second; and to substitute wheat and rice grown for domestic consumption with fruit and vegetables for the export market.
	livingheritage.org /green-revolution.htm (2789 words)

	Green Revolution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The term “Green Revolution” was first used by former USAID director William Gaud in 1968 who stated, “[The rapid spread of modern wheat and rice varieties throughout Asia] and other developments in the field of agriculture contain the makings of a new revolution...
		The world population has grown by about four billion since the beginning of the Green Revolution and most believe that, without the Revolution, there would be yet greater famine and malntrition then the UN presently attributes to the planet Earth (approximately 850 million people suffering from chronic malnutrition in 2005).
		Green Revolution agriculture increased the use of pesticides, which were necessary to limit the high levels of pest damage that inevitably occur in monocultures.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Green_Revolution (2148 words)

	Welcome to Official Web site of Punjab, India
		It increased cropping intensity from 126 percent in 1960-62 to 185 percent in 1996-97, and the net sown area as a percentage of the geographical area rose from 75 to 85 during this period.
		One area where the impact of the Green Revolution was least felt was the so-called Kandi region (the area of the Himalayan foothills).
		Additionally, the Green Revolution technology has put great pressure on the ecological system, leading to a fall in the level of the ground water table, and soil depletion.
	punjabgovt.nic.in /agriculture/TheGreen.htm (1643 words)

	Boston.com / News / World / Africa / Annan Calls for Green Revolution to Feed Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		U.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan on Monday called for a "Green Revolution" to feed Africa's hungry, saying the world's poorest continent must kick-start food output if it is to achieve long-term peace.
		Annan told a food conference ahead of this week's African Union summit in the Ethiopian capital Africa was unlikely to reach its target of halving hunger by 2015, leaving millions doomed to chronic poverty and vulnerable to everything from natural disasters to the global AIDS epidemic.
		Africa has largely missed the benefits of earlier Green Revolutions which harnessed technological advances to triple food output in Asia and Latin America, dramatically lowering the number of undernourished people.
	www.boston.com /news/world/africa/articles/2004/07/05/annan_calls_for_green_revolution_to_feed_africa (640 words)

	Green Revolution \| The San Diego Union-Tribune
		Indeed, Africa missed out on the Green Revolution of several decades ago that took advantage of technological breakthroughs, that tripled food output in Asia and Latin America, that dramatically decreased the ranks of the hungry and malnourished in those regions of the world.
		And as part of the Green Revolution he envisions, Annan urged African nations to embrace biotechnology, to welcome genetically modified crops.
		The Green Revolution that dramatically reduced hunger and malnourishment in Asia and Latin America was driven by technological advances.
	www.signonsandiego.com /uniontrib/20040708/news_lz1ed8bottom.html (444 words)

	The American Revolution - The Making of America and Her Independence
		The term used for the colonies of British North America that joined together in the American Revolution against the mother country, adopted the Declaration of Independence in 1776, and became the United States.
		Boston was under British siege, and before that siege was climaxed by the costly British victory usually called the battle of Bunker Hill (June 17, 1775) the Congress had chosen (June 15, 1775) George Washington as commander in chief of the Continental Armed Forces.
		The leaders in the new country were those prominent either in the council halls or on the fields of the Revolution, and the first three Presidents after the Constitution of the United States was adopted were Washington, Adams, and Jefferson.
	www.americanrevolution.com (1165 words)

	Food First/Institute for Food and Development Policy \| For Land, Liberty, Jobs and Justice
		The Green Revolution myth goes like this: the miracle seeds of the Green Revolution increase grain yields and therefore are a key to ending world hunger.
		By the 1970s, the term "revolution" was well deserved, for the new seeds-accompanied by chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and, for the most part, irrigation-had replaced the traditional farming practices of millions of Third World farmers.
		Green Revolution proponents claim increases in net incomes from farms of all sizes once farmers adopt the more responsive seeds.
	www.foodfirst.org /media/opeds/2000/4-greenrev.html (3577 words)

	Articles: Teachers and Students
		From the Green Revolution to the Gene Revolution
		Environmentally friendly farming techniques such as conservation tillage — which has been on the rise with the introduction of biotech crops — have led to an increase in wildlife on the farm in northeastern Iowa farm where Borlaug was born in 1914.
		The gains made possible by the Green Revolution largely bypassed southern Africa — primarily because the region is too dry for its high-yielding varieties of wheat and rice, which thrived in the irrigated plots in the tropics.
	www.whybiotech.com /index.asp?id=4075 (1281 words)

	The Green Revolution & Dr Norman Borlaug:Towards the "Evergreen Revolution"
		The key to this revolution were new plant varieties which fully utilised improved fertilisers and other new agrochemicals that had become available during this period.
		The origins of the "Green Revolution" can be traced back to the middle of the 1940s when US Vice-President Henry Wallace toured Mexico as a special ambassador.
		Their contributions to the "Green Revolution" were recognised with the joint award of the World Food Prize in 1996.
	www.agbioworld.org /biotech-info/topics/borlaug/green-revolution.html (630 words)

	Green Revolution - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Green Revolution, term widely used since the 1960s to describe the effort to increase and diversify crop yields in agriculturally less advanced...
		The impetus towards increased food production in the era following World War II was a result of a new population explosion.
		These are the lands of the so-called Green Revolution.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Green_Revolution.html (141 words)

	Green Revolution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The term “green revolution” is widely and sometimes inaccurately used as a synonym for any gardening plight—be it sustenance farming, or rose garden horticulture.
		Although specific dates given for this revolution are conflicting—most cite the decades of the sixties and seventies though the boom years lasted well into the eighties (Strauss chart 4)-- one thing is widely agreed upon, yields of today are not high enough to support the world’s growing population.
		The Green Revolution actually began in the 1940s with the genetic crossings of wheat by Norman Borlaug, the “Father of the Green Revolution” and a scientific team in Mexico.
	webpages.marshall.edu /~adkinsda/green_revolution.htm (1222 words)

	Socialist platform launched in the Green Party
		Green Revolution has been launched as a network for socialists and other radicals in the Green Party of England and Wales.
		We also see the Green Party as a 'bottom up' political organisation where the principles of the membership are paramount and not a 'top down' one where a self-designated political elite decide on policies and principles.
		Green politics must realise the slogan 'think globally, act locally' by linking practical local campaigns to global issues of ecology, democracy, justice and liberation.
	www.socialistunitynetwork.co.uk /news/greenplatform.htm (433 words)

	The Green Revolution in India. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Although today her agriculture is at a cross-roads again, the Green Revolution of the sixties gained some crucial decades for India in which to rethink her way forward.
		Though the Green Revolution was a worldwide phenomenon its most successful revolutionaries were India's political leadership, bureaucrats, scientists and of course the farmers.
		The profits of the Revolution have not spread evenly in society and the poor have little means to buy the huge stocks with the government.
	www.goodnewsindia.com /Pages/content/milestones/greenRev.html (1698 words)

	The Nobel Peace Prize 1970 - Presentation Speech
		Reading his publications on the green revolution, one realizes that he is fighting not only weeds and rust fungus but just as much the deadly procrastination of the bureaucrats and the red tape that thwart quick action.
		Once the seed corn had been introduced and had yielded superb results in the form of increased crops, the triumphal march of the green revolution was ushered in.
		From whatever angle we consider them, the effects of the green revolution will entail increased total production that will make the developing countries economically better off and more independent of the aid provided by the affluent countries, as far as foodstuffs are concerned.
	nobelprize.org /nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1970/press.html (3189 words)

	The Green Revolution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The term ‘Green Revolution’ is a general one that is applied to successful agricultural experiments in many developing countries.
		he Green Revolution was a technology package comprising material components of improved high yielding varieties of two staple cereals (rice and wheat), irrigation or controlled water supply and improved moisture utilization, fertilizers, and pesticides, and associated management skills.
		But the term ‘Green Revolution’ was coined in the 1960s after improved varieties of wheat dramatically increased yields in test plots in northwest Mexico.
	edugreen.teri.res.in /explore/bio/green.htm (970 words)

	The Green Revolution
		The Green Revolution was seen as the scientific answer to the shortage of food in the crowded areas of the LEDC's of South East Asia, where land was already scarce by increasing crop yields.
		The Green Revolution began in the Philippines in the fields of the International Rice Research Institute in.
		The Green Revolution was seen as a scientific solution to the food shortages in the Less Economically Developed Countries (LEDC's), especially Asia where rice is the main food, by intensifying farming and increasing crop yields.
	website.lineone.net /~colin.beswick/greenrev.html (951 words)

	Search Results for "Green Revolution" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Green Revolution, term referring mainly to dramatic increases in cereal-grain yields in many developing countries beginning in the late 1960s, due largely to use...
		He became a director at the Foundation and headed a team of scientists from 17 nations...
		Green Mountain Boys, popular name of armed bands formed (c.1770) under the auspices of Ethan Allen in the Green Mountains of what is today Vermont.
	bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/65search?query=Green+Revolution (278 words)

	THE GREEN REVOLUTION AND THE GENE REVOLUTION
		Agbiotechnology is referred to as the ‘Evergreen Revolution’ or the ‘Gene Revolution’; both terms are an attempt to link Agbiotech with the Green Revolution.
		With the development of the popularly termed ‘terminator’ or sterile seed technology, the farmer is reduced to a helpless consumer, not a partner as in the case of the GR.
		Yet there is little debate in the country on whether any lessons have been learnt from the Green Revolution.
	www.biothai.org /cgi-bin/content/rights/show.pl?0009 (777 words)

	FAO focus
		The Green Revolution of the 1960s and 1970s, with its package of improved seeds, farm technology, better irrigation and chemical fertilizers, was highly successful at meeting its primary objective of increasing crop yields and augmenting aggregate food supplies.
		Studies on the impact of the Green Revolution have shown that technological change can generate major social benefits but at the same time generate significant costs for particular categories of rural women that are different in kind and in intensity from those experienced by men.
		The major technological thrust of the Green Revolution was the development by agricultural research centres of high-yielding varieties of rice and wheat which, under favourable conditions, increase grain yield considerably over indigenous varieties.
	www.fao.org /FOCUS/E/Women/green-e.htm (1577 words)

	Green Revolution Sweeping the US Construction Industry
		It's easy to imagine a green building rout in the next few years, based on the virtually unchallenged logic that buildings in an era of global warming need to be designed to minimize their environmental impact.
		For one thing, building green, at least until recently, was presumed to cost more upfront but to pay off in the long run through lower operating expenses.
		The added costs of green building - long assumed to be 10 to 20 percent more than traditional construction - are falling and may have been exaggerated, according to some who've built green recently.
	www.commondreams.org /headlines06/1212-03.htm (1897 words)

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