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	Gregorio García de la Cuesta
		Inflamémonos de aquel Espíritu Nacional que hace a los hombres invencibles: despreciemos con generosidad a esos hombres cobardes e indolentes que temiendo morir y queriendo ser solos despreciadores de los demás hombres, procuran esparcir voces de temor y miedo para acobardarnos y hacernos compañeros de su esclavitud.
		Cuesta deja claro desde este momento su visión personal de la guerra: hay que pelear para expulsar a los franceses y a sus colaboradores de España para recuperar la independencia, para poder gobernarse conforme al marco legal anterior a la invasión y la guerra.
		Y esta falta de unidad se tradujo en lo militar en que cada Junta armaba y encuadraba a sus tropas, nombraba y cesaba oficiales a su antojo y negaba obediencia a los generales de otras juntas.
	www.geocities.com /pentagon/barracks/9049/bio_cuesta.html (3646 words)

	Batalla_Medellin
		La Junta Central, como consecuencia de la caída de Madrid, había salido rápidamente de Aranjuez y dirigía a Sevilla, por Mérida.
		En cualquier caso se trató de una auténtica carnicería, en la que las distintas fuentes francesas intentan justificar la masacre llevada a cabo por la caballería, acabando a bayonetazos con los fugitivos que intentaban ganar las montañas.
		De entre estos muertos se habían levantado unos 4.000 heridos que se habían reunido en Medellín y encerrado en una iglesia situada sobre una altura que dominaba la ciudad; les visité...
	www.medellin.es /batalla_medellin.htm (1889 words)

	Juan E. Hernández y Dávalos Manuscript Collection Part VI: 1823
		de Granadros a Caballo de la Guardia Imperial./ Estado que manifiesta la fuerza efectiba...
		Relacion de las Causas formadas por los delitos de infidencia y expresiones subersivas de que tiene conocimiento la Mesa con expresion de clases, nombres, delitos, Fiscales y ultimos tramites que han corrido.
		Signatories: José Mariano Marín, Florentino Martínez, Gabriel de Torres, and José Ignacio García Illueca.
	www.lib.utexas.edu /taro/utlac/00067/lac-00067p6.html (6813 words)

	Guerra de la Independencia española 1808-1814.
		Cuesta cortó el soberbio puente de Almaraz el 14 de marzo en el momento en que iba a atacarlo el enemigo, situándose la división de vanguardia, al mando del general
		A las once de la mañana del 28, los franceses, ya concentrados, se presentaron frente a la línea española, pasando el Guadiana por el puente de Medellín.
		En la orden del general Cuesta devolviendo el uso de dicha arma a los cuerpos a quien se les había recogido, se incluye, sin embargo a los dragones de Almansa.
	members.tripod.com /~gie1808a1814/batallas/bmedelli.htm (734 words)

	Patrimonio: LA CASONA DE TUDANCA
		La solana daba al jardín, un pequeño vergel de flores y frutales».
		De los antiguos moradores de la Casona se guardan numerosos objetos como un poncho peruano y varios trabajos de platería traídos por Pascual Fernández de Linares.
		Tardes: de 16:00 a 19:00 (16:00, 16:45, 17:30, 18:17)
	canales.eldiariomontanes.es /patrimonio/museos/mus13.htm (1523 words)

	Biografia de Gregorio García de la Cuesta
		Tras la invasión francesa, fue derrotado en Cabezón y Río Seco.
		Nombrado capitán general de Extremadura por la Junta Central, dirigió una campaña militar caracterizada por la derrota de Medellín (marzo de 1809) y la victoria de Talavera (julio de 1809).
		Las diferencias con Wellington, las críticas recibidas por su cruel comportamiento con la tropa y el escaso aprovechamiento de la batalla de Talavera propiciaron su dimisión.
	www.biografiasyvidas.com /biografia/c/cuesta.htm (123 words)

	Delta Ediciones. Recreación de Batallas Napoleónicas. Napoleonic Battles. Batailles Napoléoniennes
		Exposición dedicada a todas las mujeres y hombres que sufrieron la terrible y desoladora experiencia de la invasión napoleónica y que con su sacrificio permitieron que las futuras generaciones de su Patria pudieran decidir su futuro.
		artillería española estuvo representada por voluntarios de A Coruña.
		Todas las batallas de esta época son bastante lentas, debido a que se tarda algo de tiempo en cargar de pólvora las armas, una operación que hay que hacer una y otra vez.
	www.deltaediciones.com /noticias.htm (5667 words)

	Gregorio García de la Cuesta - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gregorio García de la Cuesta y Fernandez de Celis (1741 – 1811) was a prominent Spanish general of the Peninsular War known for his participation in many unfortunate military and political episodes.
		While Cuesta was hopelessly proud, stubborn, and difficult to cooperate with, he was also a devoted officer who led a severely deficient military machine through almost hopeless circumstances.
		Cuesta managed to combine what was left of his army with Lieutenant General Blake's Army of Galicia but, insisting on a foolhardy march on Valladolid, left his new force vulnerable to a French counterattack.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gregorio_Garc%C3%ADa_de_la_Cuesta (532 words)

	Medillin : Battle of Medillin : Napoleonic Wars : Peninsular War : Wellington : Marshal Victor : Cuesta : Bonaparte
		France's Marshal Victor found himself attacked at Medillin by a larger force of Spaniards under the command of General Gregorio de la Cuesta.
		Cuesta seemed in a very strong position until the cavalry on his left wing melted before a determined French hussar charge.
		The panicking lancers were joined in flight by most of the rest of the Spanish horse and Cuesta's infantry found itself in desperate trouble.
	www.napoleonguide.com /battle_medillin.htm (141 words)

	Gregorio García de la Cuesta
		Cuesta had no excessive illusions, but his patriotism prevailed and he acceded to the requests to head the uprising in his region.
		After a harsh interchange of letters between Cuesta on the one hand and Castaños (the victor of Bailén) and Floridablanca on the other hand, Cuesta was forced to appear in Aranjuez before the Junta, where he was relieved of his command and arrested.
		At Medellín Cuesta demonstrated that although he was a competent general, his tactical capabilities were not as great as his French counterparts, although in his defence it must be said that the quality of the troops he commanded did not allow too many flourishes.
	www.napoleon-series.org /research/biographies/c_cuesta.html (1697 words)

	Peninsular War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Known as the Spanish War of Independence (Guerra de la Independencia Española) in Spain and in other countries and as Invasões Francesas ("French Invasions") in Portugal, the war began when French armies occupied Spain in 1808 and lasted until the Sixth Coalition defeated Napoleon in 1814.
		The French had seized the country by a coup de main and any hope of resisting them militarily was stillborn.
		the Battle of Talavera de la Reina was a costly victory that left the allies precariously exposed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Peninsular_War (6088 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - The Death of the Spanish Empire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		In the north, Don Gregorio Garcia de la Cuesta, and eldery and well known Spanish general, was ordered to march up to defend the mountains.
		Don Gregorio Garcia de la Cuesta was still dead set against the action, however, Rato and his companions saw it as the most obvious way at distracting Spanish attention and Godoy believed it was the most obvious way to end the war.
		Cuesta, the greatest speaker against the English objectives, and in a letter to King Charles again showed his distress, this time from the French province of Roussillon.
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/printthread.php?t=49425 (4296 words)

	Spanish Chapter Three
		But Cuesta could not know in what dissolute manner his Government acted, there would have to be some measure of uncertainty in his mind as to whether the threat was an empty one or not.
		He wondered quickly how far Cuesta might go and how he could be opposed, yet upon the door of the hall closing behind the last of those to depart, Cuesta merely made his way across to sit down at a table placed to the left of the hall, indicating for them to follow suit.
		Cuesta looked angered when the translation was made known to him but he controlled himself and, nodding dismissively, waved George away.
	members.aol.com /nickventi/spanish-three.htm (16225 words)

	Battle of Medellín - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Victor began his southern drive with the objective of destroying the Army of Estremadura, commanded by General Cuesta, who was retreating in face of the French advance.
		On the 27th of March, Cuesta was reinforced with 7,000 troops and decided to meet the French in battle rather than continue to withdraw.
		It was Cuesta's second major defeat at the hand of the French after Medina del Rio Seco in 1808.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Medelin (936 words)

	Cuesta Rey Cigars
		The year was 1884 when a young Spanish immigrant, Angel La Madrid Cuesta, first opened a small, handmade cigar factory.
		Today more than a century later, Senor Cuesta's commitment to cigar excellence is commemorated with the Cuesta Rey Centenario Collection, Handmade by the world famous Tabacalera A. Fuente in the Dominican Republic.
		What makes the Cuesta Rey Centenario Collection so exceptional is the expert craftsmanship, as well as the smooth, rich flavor of these fine imported cigars.
	www.cheapercigars.com /cuestarey.html (216 words)

	Peninsular War biography .ms (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The British attacked near Burgos but were soon forced into a long retreat chased by the French and punctuated by battles at Sahagun, Benavente and Cacobelos, ending in an evacuation from La Coruña in January, 1809, Moore being killed while directing the defence of the town.
		A French force was beaten at Barrosa on March 5 to relieve Cadiz, and Massena was forced to withdraw from Portugal after astalemate at Fuentes de Oñoro (May 3-May 5).
		The painter Francisco de Goya was one of these afrancesados, but soon changed his mind and created somber pictures of the disasters of war.
	peninsular-war.biography.ms.cob-web.org:8888 (2062 words)

	Gregorio Garcia de la Cuesta : Spanish General : Peninsular War : Napoleonic Wars
		Don Gregorio Garcia de la Cuesta may have been one of Spain's most high-profile soldiers at the outbreak of war with France, but he was also one of the most unpopular with his British allies.
		Old, sick and obstinate, Cuesta proved more of a hinderance to the British than a help.
		He was violent, stubborn, wilful and, when he was not letting General Arthur Wellesley down in the field, he was denying supplies to him.
	www.napoleonguide.com /spain_cuesta.htm (162 words)

	Images of Baja California: Harry Crosby Photos
		Kitchens often appear to be the flimsiest structures at a ranch because their sides are infilled only with woven rushes or small branches to assure air movement during the central peninsula's long hot season.
		At Rancho de San Gregorio, water has to be brought a quarter of a mile in open channels cut into the rock and flumes that pass across an arroyo.
		Planting areas had to be built with high stone walls and filled with earth painstakingly brought in leather bags on burroback from hundreds of tiny deposits found within a radius of three or four miles.
	orpheus.ucsd.edu /speccoll/baja/crosby/crosby05.html (678 words)

	Peninsular War (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		A French force was beaten at Barrosa on March 5 to relieve Cadiz, and Massena was forced to withdraw from Portugal after a stalemate at Fuentes de Oñoro (May 3-May 5).
		William Beresford (1768-1854) general in the British army who was promoted in 1809 to Field Marshal of the Portuguese army and given the task of organising it into an efficient and disciplined fighting force.
		Palafox, José de (1776?-1847) Spanish general in the Peninsular War, celebrated for his heroic defense of Zaragoza.
	peninsular-war.kiwiki.homeip.net.cob-web.org:8888 (3512 words)

	Granada, Spain, Walking Tour @ National Geographic Traveler
		Iglesia de la Villa overlooks the Spanish village of Montefrio.
		Follow it to the top, passing the 17th-century Convento de las Tomasas, and circle around the church, Colegiata del Salvador (3) (Plaza del Salvador, tel +1 34 958 27 86 44, closed Sunday), to reach its entrance.
		The Casa de Porras (6) (Placeta de Porras, tel +1 34 958 22 44 25, closed Sunday) is a magnificent example of Renaissance-Mudejar wooden architecture and now belongs to Granada University.
	www.nationalgeographic.com /traveler/deals/granada.html (752 words)

	Peninsular War (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Later that year Spanish armies were badly mauled at the Battle of Ocana and the Battle of Alba de Tormes.
		A French force was beaten at Barrosa on March 5 to relieve Cadiz, and Massena was forced to withdraw from Portugal after a stalemate at the Battle of Fuentes de Onoro (May 3 - May 5).
		Battle of Talavera de la Reina 27 July-28 July 1809.
	peninsular-war.iqnaut.net.cob-web.org:8888 (3903 words)

	spanish-five.htm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		And he was likewise eager to hear of Cuesta's whereabouts, of Blake's, and of the plans of those two generals in the wake of Medina.
		I was to arrive before any emissary Cuesta might have sent and prevent him claiming control of the troops here, who are,...were, as you will recall, of the Army of Galicia.
		It was he who had been assigned to the command of the forward position upon the ridge, and he also who had rallied what he could for the defence of Medina after the rout of the Spanish centre and left.
	members.aol.com /nickventi/spanish-five.htm (17370 words)

	Book 21, Chapter 17
		The sutlers' shops were too small to hold both their goods and their consciences; so that, every pin's worth they sold cost us a dollar; and as every dollar cost us seven shillings, they were, of course, not so plenty as bad dinners.
		On our arrival at St. Jean de Luz, we found our new clothing, and some new friends in the family of our old friend, Arcangues, which was one of the most respectable in the district, and who showed us a great deal of kindness.
		As it happened to be the commencement of Lent, the young ladies were, at first, doubtful as to the propriety of joining us in any of the gaieties; but, after a short consultation, they arranged it with their consciences, and joined in the waltz right merrily.
	www.napoleonic-literature.com /Book_21/017.htm (1893 words)

	Medina del Rio Seco : Battle of Medina del Rio Seco : Napoleonic Wars : Peninsular War : Wellington : Bessieres : ...
		Medina del Rio Seco was a magnificent victory for an outnumbered Marshal Bessieres against Spain's generals Don Gregorio de la Cuesta and Joachim Blake.
		Fortunately, for Bessieres, Cuesta's positioning of troops was woeful and allowed him to assault good defensive positions held by Blake without any fear of them getting support from Cuesta's men.
		The Spanish lost almost 3500 men killed, wounded and captured, while the French suffered fewer than 1000 casualties.
	www.napoleonguide.com /battle_medrio.htm (133 words)

	The Wellington Society of Madrid. We Tour, but we NEVER bore!
		In the hot summer of 1809 the future Duke of Wellington commanded a British Army in Spain and was trying very hard to work with the Spanish general Don Gregorio de la Cuesta - a stuffy, bad tempered ageing officer who distrusted and disliked this 40 year old British general some thirty years his junior.
		Wellington's men were quiet and formed in line while to their right the Spanish camp was all chaos and noise.
		Suddenly 2.000 of Cuesta's troops discharged their muskets in one great smokey thunder.
	www.wellsoc.org /Anecdotes.htm (601 words)

	Top 20 Encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The war destroyed the social and economic fabric of Portugal and Spain and ushered an era of turbulent Liberalism, with major civil wars until 1850, led by officers trained in the Peninsular War.
		The escape on November 29, of the Portuguese Queen and Prince Regent and 6,000 people (plus 9000 Fleet sailors)from the Administration and the Court enabled John VI to continue to rule over its overseas possessions, including Brazil.
		The combined Allied force clashed with an army led by King Joseph at the Battle of Talavera (July 27 – July 28), where the Allies won a costly victory which left them precariously exposed and soon had to retreat westwards.
	encyc.connectonline.com.cob-web.org:8888 /index.php/Spanish_War_of_Independence (4689 words)

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