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	Art and Science: Capturing the Unicorn: The New Yorker
		Gregory Chudnovsky is a frail man in his early fifties, with longish hair and a beard that are going gray, and sensitive, flickering brown eyes.
		Gregory was living there with his wife, Christine, who is an attorney at a midtown firm, and his mother, Malka Benjaminovna Chudnovsky.
		Gregory Chudnovsky was half lying on the couch, in his stocking feet, his body extended, facing the figure of Melancholy.
	www.newyorker.com /archive/2005/04/11/050411fa_fact?currentPage=all (5027 words)

	Chudnovsky Brothers
		Gregory Chudnovsky's partner in the design and construction of the supercomputer was his older brother, David Volfovich Chudnovsky, who is also a mathematician, and who lives five blocks away from Gregory.
		Gregory Chudnovsky is thirty-nine years old, and he has a spare frame and a bony, handsome face.
		When the Chudnovskys applied to leave the Soviet Union, the fact that they are Jewish and mathematical attracted at least a dozen K.G.B. agents to their case.
	wadanet.com /hasegawa/chud.htm (3467 words)

	Pi Computation: History and Methods
		Since the 1980s, his series have become the basis for the fastest algorithms currently used by Yasumasa Kanada and the Chudnovsky brothers to compute Ï.
		Gregory V. Chudnovsky and David V. Chudnovsky, CRAY-2 and IBM 3090/VF
		Gregory V. Chudnovsky and David V. Chudnovsky, IBM 3090
	www.juliantrubin.com /encyclopedia/mathematics/computing_pi.html (3690 words)

	NOVA \| scienceNOW \| Meet the Chudnovskys \| PBS
		The floor of the Chudnovskys' lab at Brooklyn Polytechnic University bears a spiral pattern of mathematical equations.
		Gregory: It's just like saying, "I like to read or write but I don't care about letters or sentences and grammar." You still need some sort of background on which everything can be built.
		Gregory: It's a good example of the diverse things that mathematicians do: we are working on a computer chip, which will be very powerful, a parallel computer on a chip.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/nova/sciencenow/3210/04-chudnovsky.html (3311 words)

	snarkout: big numbers
		Then, in the spring of 1989, the Chudnovsky brothers (who had not previously been known to have any interest in calculating pi) suddenly announced that they had obtained four hundred and eighty million digits of pi -- a world record -- using supercomputers at two sites in the United States, and had seen nothing.
		The Chudnovskys pressed onward, too, and by the fall of 1989 they had squeaked past Kanada again, having computed pi to one billion one hundred and thirty million one hundred and sixty thousand six hundred and sixty-four decimal places, without finding anything special.
		Gregory may have proved an important result related to Hilbert's Tenth Problem when he was 17.
	www.snarkout.org /archives/2003_12_12.php (1122 words)

	[No title]
		Gregory Chudnovsky's partner in the design and construction of the supercomputer was his older brother, David Volfovich Chudnovsky, who is also a mathematician, and who lives five blocks away from Gregory.
		Gregory Chudnovsky is thirty-nine years old, and he has a spare frame and a bony, handsome face.
		The Chudnovskys are counting very little of their human time." Yasumasa Kanada, the brothers' pi rival at Tokyo University, uses a Hitachi S-820/80 supercomputer that is be- lieved to be considerably faster than a Cray Y-MP8, and it burns close to half a million watts&emdash;half a megawatt, practically enough power to melt steel.
	www.pi314.net /ref/TheMountainsofPi.html (16457 words)

	Law.com
		This is a story about how the Chudnovskys came to believe in the value of patenting and commercializing their work.
		Unable to acquire tenured teaching jobs -- Gregory does not often leave his apartment, and David usually stays by his brother's side -- the brothers survived on government grants, the kindness of their employed wives, and a research affiliation with Columbia University.
		He told David and Gregory that, even at this stage of his life, he was energized by working with younger people on new and interesting technologies.
	www.law.com /jsp/printerfriendly.jsp?c=LawArticle&t=PrinterFriendlyArticle&cid=1036630462023 (2103 words)

	Pi in the 20th Century
		Computers have revolutionised the way pi is calculated, and has enabled mathematics to calculate millions more digits of pi than was thought possible before their invention, in a tiny fraction of the time it would have taken to calculate a handful of digits manually.
		David and Gregory Chudnovsky were born near Kiev (in the former Soviet Union) not long after World War II.
		Initially, the David and Gregory calculated pi on two remote computers, a Cray 2 at Minnesota Supercomputer Center and an IBM 3090-VF in New York, but they quickly became frustrated with renting supercomputing time, and began building their own computer.
	people.bath.ac.uk /ma3law/project/recent.html (425 words)

	Mountains of Pi
		The Chudnovsky formula for pi is thought to be "extremely beautiful" by persons who have a good feel for numbers, and it is based on a torus (a doughnut), rather than on a circle.
		Gregory can't teach classes in the normal way, because he is more or less confined to bed.
		Gregory is lying in bed in the junk yard, a keyboard on his lap.
	www.mathsocietyphil.org /documents/pi.htm (16154 words)

	The George Polya Prize
		The 1994 recipients are Harry Kesten, Cornell University, and Gregory Chudnovsky, Columbia University.
		Gregory V. Chudnovsky was born in Kiev, Ukraine.
		Chudnovsky's current fields of research interest include: computational number theory, high-performance computing and computing architecture, computer algebra, approximation methods, and inverse methods in mathematical physics.
	www.siam.org /meetings/archives/an94/polya.htm (541 words)

	Math Forum - Ask Dr. Math
		It is possible to retrieve 1.25+ million digits of pi via anonymous ftp from the site wuarchive.wustl.edu, in the files pi.doc.Z and pi.dat.Z which reside in subdirectory doc/misc/pi.
		New York's Chudnovsky brothers have computed 2 billion digits of pi on a homebrew computer.
		This gives a number of beautiful formulas, but the most useful was missed by Ramanujan and discovered by the Chudnovsky's.
	mathforum.org /library/drmath/view/51912.html (535 words)

	Richard Preston in the New Yorker
		Currently, the Chudnovsky Mathematician works at the Institute for Mathematics and Advanced Supercomputing, or imas, which operates out of a laboratory room at Polytechnic University, in downtown Brooklyn.
		One day last fall, my wife and our three children and I went to Brooklyn and paid a visit to the Chudnovskys at imas, which is in Rogers Hall, on the Polytechnic campus.
		On one corner of the floor there is a huge digital image of Albrecht Dürer’s engraving “Melencolia I.” In it, Melancholy is sitting lost in thought, surrounded by various strange objects, including a magic square and a polyhedron, with an unknown number of sides, called Dürer’s solid.
	ustaxreform.us /chudnovsky.htm (4724 words)

	Profiles: The Mountains of Pi: The New Yorker
		Gregory Volfovich Chudnovsky recently built a supercomputer in his apartment from mail-order parts.
		The brothers claim that m zero is a “true, general-purpose supercomputer,” and that it is as fast and powerful as a somewhat older Cray Y-MP, but it is not as fast as the latest of the Y-MP machines, the C90, an advanced supercomputer made by Cray Research.
		Gregory’s bedroom is filled with paper; it contains at least a ton of paper.
	www.newyorker.com /archive/content/?050411fr_archive01 (1417 words)

	Pi, God, and apartment supercomputers (kottke.org)
		That same week, they ran from their extensive archives a 1992 profile of the same mathematicians, brothers David and Gregory Chudnovsky.
		The Chudnovskys were then engaged in calculating as many digits of pi as they could using a homemade supercomputer housed in their Manhattan apartment.
		The Chudnovsky article also reminds me of Contact by Carl Sagan in which pi is prominently featured as well.
	www.kottke.org /05/07/pi-god-supercomputers (390 words)

	The Straight Dope: How do scientists go about calculating pi to umpteen decimal places?
		Gregory Chudnovsky is one of the people doing these calculations, and he is the wisest man I know.
		There are serious questions about what "random" is, and David and Gregory Chudnovsky care about it.
		Their pi calculations are concerned with this, and with certain deep problems in transcendental number theory.
	www.straightdope.com /classics/a3_357.html (894 words)

	the Saddle: July 2005 Archives (Site not responding. Last check: )
		M yasthenia gravis is a funny thing," Gregory Chudnovsky said one day from his bed in the junk yard.
		O n a cold winter day, when the Chudnovskys were about to begin their two-billion-digit expedition into pi, I rang the bell of Gregory Chudnovsky's apartment, and David answered the door.
		Gregory's first publication, in the journal Soviet Mathematics — Doklady, came when he was sixteen years old: "Some Results in the Theory of Infinitely Long Expressions." Already you can see where he was headed.
	saddle.theory.org /archives/2005_07.html (17548 words)

	Additive Number Theory
		Chudnovsky, D.V., Chudnovsky, G.V., Cohn, H. (et al.) (Eds.), 1989
		Chudnovsky, D.V., Chudnovsky, G.V., Cohn, H. (et al.) (Eds.), 1987
		Chudnovsky, D.V., Chudnovsky, G.V., Cohn, H. (et al.) (Eds.), 1985
	www.springer.com /math/numbers/book/978-0-387-37029-3?detailsPage=otherBooks&CIPageCounter=CI_MORE_BOOKS_BY_AUTHOR0 (101 words)

	Amazon.com: "Gregory Chudnovsky": Key Phrase page
		See all pages with references to "Gregory Chudnovsky".
		The Mountains of Pi Gregory Volfovich Chudnovsky recently built a supercomputer in his apartment from mail-order parts.
		RICHARD PRESTON THE MOUNTAINS OF Pl G REGORY Volfovich Chudnovsky recently built a supercomputer in his apartment from mail-order parts.
	www.amazon.com /phrase/Gregory-Chudnovsky (270 words)

	This Blog Sits at the: April 2005
		From the Chudnovsky point of view, the MET problem is quite literally locked away in a vault buried within an institution and a profession the brothers do not understand and may not actually know about.
		As it happens, the evening that he invites Chudnovsky brothers, he also invites a curator who happens both to know about the Unicorn problem and to have a wife who is teaches math.
		The brothers Chudnovsky, Gregory and David, built a computer out of mail order parts, installed it in Gregory’s living room and set to the task of calculating pi to two billion decimal places.
	www.cultureby.com /trilogy/2005/04 (10912 words)

	Polytechnic University - Public Relations (Poly News Releases)
		The two brothers, who both received doctorates from the Institute of Mathematics in the Ukraine and then came to the U.S. in 1978, were famous in the scientific community long before they came to Polytech six months ago.
		Of the Chudnovskys at Poly, Grinberg says, "These are people who have combined mathematics, electrical engineering, graph theory and more, and are able to work in a multidisciplinary environment.
		And here's what Gregory Chudnovsky has to say about Poly: "The students here know exactly what they want to do: this isn't a liberal arts college.
	media.poly.edu /whatsnew/chudnovsky.asp (601 words)

	Math Forum - Ask Dr. Math
		This is why the constant 8k4k5 appearing in the denominator has been written this way instead of 262537412640768000.
		231-244 David Chudnovsky and Gregory Chudnovsky The computation of classical constants, Columbia University, Proc.
		Y. Kanada and Y. Tamura Calculation of pi to 10,013,395 decimal places based on the Gauss-Legendre algorithm and Gauss arctangent relation Computer Centre, University of Tokyo, 1983 Morris Newman and Daniel Shanks On a sequence arising in series for pi Mathematics of computation, Vol.
	mathforum.org /library/drmath/view/58285.html (752 words)

	Follow-Up: RE: The Chudnovsky Brothers
		David and Gregory Chudnovsky in 1996 were able to calculate the value of Pi to about 9 billion digits.
		Because of their astonishing achievement in transcendental number such as Pi, Maple V uses the Chudnovsky's formula to general accurate digits of Pi...
		Their computer, I think it is called M-Zero is among the fastest computer in the world, probably trailing those of CRAY research, but considering the computer is assembled by two brothers from scratch.
	www.cecm.sfu.ca /organics/covering/html/anhtml/node4-an1/fp-notes165.shtml (168 words)

	:: POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY :: News
		Polytechnic's Institute for Mathematics and Advanced Supercomputing, led by the internationally-renowned brother mathematicians, David and Gregory Chudnovsky, has been granted a $30,000 Faculty Partnership Award from IBM to foster research on cellular architectures.
		IBM is working with the academic community as part of the "Blue Gene" project, a research effort focusing on cellular architectures.
		The architectures are massively parallel systems that are built of single chip cells that integrate processors, memory, communication and software.
	www.poly.edu /news/archives/news2/?id=704 (108 words)

	Math in the Media
		This article discusses the lives and work of mathematicians David and Gregory Chudnovsky.
		Brilliant and idiosyncratic, the two brothers emigrated to the U.S. in 1977 from the Soviet Union and have worked together on mathematics all their lives.
		The article describes some of the Chudnovskys' recent use of computers in their mathematical research.
	www.ams.org /mathmedia/mathdigest/199807-chud.html (76 words)

	[No title]
		Turchin, a physicist who specialized in computer languages, accepted and taught in the spring of 1979 as an adjunct associate professor of mathematical statistics.
		He was later a research fellow at the Courant Institute of Mathematics at N.Y.U. When two prominent mathematicians, the brothers David and Gregory Chudnovsky, sought in 1977 to emigrate from the Soviet Union, they lost their research posts in Kiev and their elderly parents were badly beaten.
		Bers began an international campaign to convince the Soviet government to allow the brothers to leave, and enlisted the support of the Committee of Concerned Scientists and political figures such as Senator Henry Jackson.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/record/archives/vol19/vol19_iss10/record1910.25 (899 words)

	RIT - University News
		Brothers David and Gregory Chudnovsky, directors of the Institute for Mathematics and Advanced Supercomputing at Polytechnic University, will present “The Unicorn Tapestries and Mathematical Approaches to Imaging,” at 4 p.m., Wednesday, April 9, in the Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science auditorium.
		The talk is part of the Center for Imaging Science Seminar Series.
		The Chudnovskys, well known in the math world for holding records in computing π to the largest number of digits, will share their experience helping the Metropolitan Museum of Art mathematically stitch together digital photographs taken of the famous medieval tapestries The Hunt of the Unicorn.
	www.rit.edu /news/?r=46082 (231 words)

	History of Pi -Pi Day The Computer & Pi - Pi Day Illustrated History of Pi PiDay International.org Pi Day International
		What made this possible was not simply greater computer horsepower, but better, faster, more advanced, and more elegant methods of computing pi - many of them based on ideas developed long ago, as if they were waiting for the advent of the computer.
		As has already been noted, the early 20th century work by Indian mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan was the source of ideas that proved valuable more than half-a-century later when William Gosper undertook the then-record multi-million digit computed value of pi, and again when the Chudnovsky borthers Greg and David broke those records.
		In the 1960's work with fast Fourier transforms (FFT's), algorithms which enable computers to perform rapid arithmetic on extremely large numbers, enabled even greater numbers of the digits of pi to be calculated.
	pidayinternational.org /Pi_History/HISTORY_OF_PI_The_Computer_and_Pi.htm (343 words)

	:: POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY :: News
		David and Gregory Chudnovsky in the Institute for Mathematics and Advanced Supercomputing at Polytechnic University.
		The PBS science program “NOVA” examined an unusual collaboration between art and math as it featured Polytechnic Professors David and Gregory Chudnovsky, brilliant number theorists, who used a supercomputer to digitally reproduce the famous tapestries, “The Hunt of the Unicorn.”
		The Chudnovsky Brothers were interviewed in Poly’s Institute for Mathematics and Advanced Supercomputing, which was created by funding from Trustee Jeffrey H. Lynford and his wife, Tondra.
	www.poly.edu /news/fullNews.php?id=68&exp=false (114 words)

	Amazon.com: Charlie "Librarian"'s review of Panic in Level 4: Cannibals, Killer Viruse...
		Mountains of Pi describes 2 number theorist brothers, David and Gregory Chudnovsky and their quest to calculate pi using a supercomputer they built themselves in their apartment.
		The Human Kabbalah profiles J. Craig Venter, the founder of the biotechnology company Celera and the battle with the National Institutes of Health in decoding the human genome.
		The Lost Unicorn takes us to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, where they are having trouble digitizing a large tapestry from circa 1600, enter the Chudnovsky brothers from the Mountains of Pi chapter.
	www.amazon.com /review/R10GFXUTEK241E (675 words)

	m zero@Everything2.com
		A supercomputer built with off-the-shelf parts by Gregory and David Chudnovsky, brothers and number theorists.
		In 1989 m zero calculated 480 million digits of pi (from Gregory's apartment).
		Y'know, if you log in, you can write something here, or contact authors directly on the site.
	www.everything2.com /?node_id=371285 (129 words)

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