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Topic: Griqua

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	Sutherland Astronomical Society: Areas Of Interest - Minor Planet Investigations
		Griqua is one of the many discoveries made by C. Jackson from Johannesburg in 1935.
		Griqua is the type member of a small group of asteroids known as The Griquas.
		In the tabulated data from Asteroids II (Binzel et al, 1989), Griqua is listed with a rotation period of 7 hours and this is flagged as a very tentative result, derived from incomplete published data.
	www.sasi.net.au /griqua.html (1389 words)

	Griqua (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Griqua are often considered to be a racially and culturally mixed people whose origin goes back to the intermarriages or sexual relations between European colonists in the Cape and the; Khoikhoi already living there in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
		The Griqua have their own church, the Griqua Church, which is Protestant with a strong focus on maintaining the Griqua identity.
		The Griqua are primarily found in the Northern Cape at Campbell and Griquatown; (the historic territory of Griqualand West) the Western Cape (around the small le Fleur Griqua settlement at Kranshoek) and at Kokstad.
	www.wikipedia-mirror.co.za /g/r/i/Griqua.html (551 words)

	Griquatown Klaarwater "William Anderson" Mission South Africa Family Tree Anderson-Davel
		Three Griqua women, dressed in the European fashion, were sewing some cotton articles; three or four others came from the huts dressed in the same manner; to all of whom I made presents of needles, thread, thimbles, etc".
		"Griqua Town is situated on the edge of an extensive, limestone plain, and at the foot of a range of low hills of silicious schistus, producing yellow asbestos.
		"In the annexed etching of Griqua Town, the houses of the missionaries and teachers, with the schools, the chapel, and some other buildings, form the irregular line on the left, and that of the chief, with two mat huts at the end, is at a distance, in front.
	griquatownandersons.com /griquatownhistory.html (3413 words)

	Griqualand (South Africa)
		Following the discovery of diamonds in the region in 1867, the area earlier settled by the Griquas became subject of dispute between the Orange Free State and the British.
		The Griqua nation is not known to have made use of flags before 1902 when they adopted a flag similar to the Zuid-Afikaansche Republiek (ZAR) vierkleur but inverted, i.e.
		It was in the territory of Adam Kok III, the chief of the Eastern Griquas.
	flagspot.net /flags/za-griqu.html (1013 words)

	Arthur named Griqua player-coach: Sport: Cricket: News24 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The experienced Arthur, the first-ever Griqua player to be granted a benefit year (1999-2000), will also serve on the Diamonds'; selection panel together with Ahmed Jinnah, Bernie Bennett, Wayne Schonegevel and the Griqua captain who is to be appointed on 1 September.
		The 32 year old Arthur, who first represented Griquas during the 1986-87 season, before moving on to Free State and then returning to Kimberley to captain the Diamonds, sees the coaching responsibility as an exciting new challenge in his distinguished cricket career.
		Arthur expects to continue representing Griquas in the four-day competition, though his one-day competition days may be numbered.
	www.news24.com /News24/Sport/Cricket/0,,2-9-839_896851,00.html (249 words)

	Movement to Return Baartman's remains
		The Griquas claim descent from followers of the 19th century leader Adam Kok I, who founded a community in the Northern Cape after being forced from their traditional home territories by settlers and Voortrekkers.
		The Griquas' battle is echoed in the worldwide movement for the rights of indigenous people, which form the subject of a draft UN charter.
		GNC legal representative Mansell Upham said Griquas had not had a chance to voice their needs when new land laws were drafted, and were now excluded from the provisions of the laws since their claims date from before 1913.
	web.mit.edu /racescience/in_media/baartman/baartman_m&g_movement.htm (869 words)

	Museum Transgariep
		Philip and the London's Missionary association, the Griqua age of Adam Kok II and Adam Kok III, Emily Hobhouse and her spin- and weaveschool and a picture cabinet with early leader figures of the town.
		Adam Kok and his Griquas, who lived in Philippolis since 1826 till 1863, was spiritually guided by the London Missionary association.
		Philippolis was named after dr. John Philip, superintendent of the Association with whose permission the Griquas lived in Philippolis.
	www.places.co.za /html/transgariep_museum.html (871 words)

	The Manila Times Internet Edition \| OPINION > Griqua encounter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		During the 20th century, the tendency was for the Griqua to incorporate themselves into the Colored population of the Cape, such that it has long been debated whether they deserve separate-nation status.
		I was drawn to the Griqua, when so many of my Danish classmates were writing their short papers on the Truth and Reconciliation Commission and the abuses under apartheid, for two reasons.
		When several of them died, their bones were laid to rest in the stockrooms of a number of anthropology museums, neatly labeled in the interest of cataloguing humanity from so-called apex to nadir.
	manilatimes.net /national/2006/may/28/yehey/opinion/20060528opi6.html (686 words)

	British Empire: The Map Room: Africa: Griqualand West
		The Griqua are an interesting multiracial group formed as a byproduct of colonial expansion from the seventeenth century.
		This was after Griqua unhappiness over ownership of their land and the right to make claims on the diamond fields led to a full rebellion in 1878.
		The Griqua were to see little of the wealth that was to be generated from the enormous diamond mines.
	www.britishempire.co.uk /maproom/griqualandwest.htm (629 words)

	Griqua Guest House - Griekwastad, Northern Cape, South Africa
		Griqua Guest House is a cosy, newly restored, 4 bedroom guesthouse situated in Griekwastad/Griquatown, Northern...
		Griqua Guest House is a cosy, newly restored, 4 bedroom guesthouse situated in Griekwastad/Griquatown, Northern Cape, between Kimberley and Upington, on the main road to Namibia and Namaqualand.
		Griqua Guest House is known for its cleanness, serenity, spaciousness and friendliness - all the requirements for a peaceful and welcome stay!
	www.bookeasysa.com /griqua_guest_house_lodging_details-1_roominfo-1.html (204 words)

	The Griquas (Bastards) and their coinage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Under their guidance the Griquas adopted some customs of civilised life, but they did not acquire the habit of industry.
		The absence of the date on the coins indicates that the dies were, probably on the grounds of economy, intended to be used indefinitely until worn out.
		Parsons concludes that the Griqua Coins “form one of the most interesting emissions in the numismatic history of the British Empire and they are unique in the sense of being the only missionary coinage of Christianity.
	about-south-africa.com /html/the_griquas.html (1126 words)

	The Griqua nation - Griquas History
		The Griqua's jumped at the opportunity afforded by Dr Philip, the Bergenaars under Hendrick Hendricks, Adam Kok's son-in-law, were reported to have ruthlessly exterminated the Bushmen in the region north of Philippolis now known as the "Orange Free State".
		In 1861/2, most of the Griquas gathered at Philippolis were forced to sell out to the evolving Afrikaner nation in the Orange Free State (Griqualand West) after a long and bloody conflict during which the British Governors of the Cape, who had their own agenda to appease the Boers, deserted them.
		This was further aggravated by Griquas selling their land cheaply to European settlers - the Griquas had literally given away valuable land holdings (farms and plots in Kokstad) in exchange for food, or worse, a bottle of brandy.
	www.gwb.com.au /gwb/strachan/griqua.html (5939 words)

	Griqua Centennial Festival, 3 - 5 April
		The Griqua people vaguely became aware of a group identity around 1800 when a group of migrant farmers of mostly Khoi, but also European and slave descent, searching for land of their own, settled at Klaarwater north of the Gariep River.
		Their Griqua representatives sat in the Coloured Persons' Representative Council since the 1980's and their present paramount chief was a member of the previous government's President's Council.
		More particulars on the Griqua Centennial Festival are available from Mr Cecil Le Fleur in Vredendal at 027 213 3392, Mr David Barron in Cape Town at (021) 691 7578, Mr A Kiewiets in the Eastern Cape at (042) 280 3749 and the Plettenberg Bay office at (044) 533 9338.
	www.info.gov.za /speeches/2003/03032415461002.htm (677 words)

	Plettenberg Bay - The Griqua's story
		To the Griquas, the tombstone which marks the burial place of their great leader and Prophet, Andrew Abraham Stockenstrom Le Fleur the First, is more than a mere grave or a monument to his memory.
		Whenever Griquas formally meet- be it a political or cultural meeting or a religious gathering- the deliberations always centre around this man, who led, and is still leading them out of their house of bondage into their own Promised Land and their own kind of freedom.
		For the Griquas of today, Krantzhoek is their land beyond the River Jordan, Robberg their Holy Mount; and the tomb of Le Fleur their everlasting shrine.
	www.plettenbergbay.co.za /history/griqua.htm (1132 words)

	Danielskuil
		Part of a Griqua missionary and of historical importance, a geological phenomena in the form of deep cavity was formed in the dolomite limestone.
		The Griqua herdsmen used it as a campsite on their trips to find grazing for their animals.
		British Fort Built during the Anglo-Boer War, the fort is on a hillock overlooking the village.
	www.places.co.za /html/danielskuil.html (309 words)

	Class & Colour in South Africa 1850-1950 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		To the Griqua went the consolation of having their name perpetuated in one of the richest portions of the earth's surface, which once they had called their own.
		The influx raised the population of the territory by June 1871 to 37,000, of whom 215,000 were Africans and Coloured.
		The Griquas rose in rebellion in 1878, and the Cape incorporated Griqualand West in 1880.
	www.anc.org.za /books/ccsa02.html (6016 words)

	El Negro: Some questions and answers on Batlhaping
		Griqua, Kora, San, Khoe etc are Khoesan (or Khoisan) languages, where the rules are very different.
		The Griqua Republic, not a very strong state, would have ruled over these villages at least nominally.
		No doubt the Batlhaping would have spoken Setswana/Tswana in their homes (that's how their ethnicity can be defined, as well as by claimed descent from named ancestors), but the common language of the Griqua and others in that area at that time was Dutch (ie Afrikaans-Dutch dialect).
	ubh.tripod.com /afhist/elnegro/eln02.htm (1167 words)

	Stellaland (South Africa)
		David Massouw ruled over the Koranna, a semi Griqua tribe of Hottentots at "Mamusa" on the Harts river within the claimed limits of the Transvaal.
		They were a distinct horde or tribe of the Khoikhoi nation, previously referred to as Hottentots, and quite separate from the Griquas.
		However, like the Griqua they were by this time largely Christian, spoke Afrikaans (or kitchen Dutch, as it was known then), wore similar clothing to the Boer people, and had firearms, horses and ox-wagons.
	flagspot.net /flags/za_stel.html (1032 words)

	WHKMLA : History of East Griqualand
		The GRIQUA were descendants of Europeans and Hottentots.
		A group of Griqua sold their lands in the Orange River Valley to Boers and migrated across the Drakensberg into land depopulated by the Zulus.
		History of the Griqua Nation, from The Forgotten South African Currency : the Tokens of Strachan & Co.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/southafrica/eastgriqualand.html (150 words)

	The Facts about the GriquaTown coins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Perhaps the strongest practical pointer to the fallacy of the Griqua Tokens being South Africa's first circulating currency are the comparative rarity of the 1/4, 1/2, IIIII, and X pieces.
		Incredibly, despite the evidence being documented and clearly presented from a link on the web site at: http://www.tokencoins.com and in the book on "the Griquas of S Africa and their money" see http://www.tokencoins.com/book.htm (by Scott Balson) many serious numismatists still stick to the flawed assumptions made by their predecessors.
		So the irony is yes the Griquas did in fact use South Africa's first circulating currency but it was in East Griqualand not west Griqualand and it was some sixty years after the Griqua town coin samples were minted.
	about-south-africa.com /html/the_facts.html (1110 words)

	iafrica.com \| archive \| \| Tales Of The Garden Route (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Griqua claim to be the "original" South Africans, being descended from the Khoi-Khoi, and even gained United Nations recognition as a "First Nation" in 1997.
		It is also a sure bet that you will find the inhabitants of Kranshoek ready and willing to relate the turbulent history of the Griqua people, and explain why their village is considered to be built on sacred ground.
		For me the most interesting "tales" on the tape are the inserts narrated by archaeologist Janette Deacon, who explains the location and significance of some of the "middens" that have been excavated along the coastline, revealing the secrets of cave-dwellers going back to the stone age.
	iafrica.com /archive/5280.htm (991 words)

	municipal
		The discussion focused on social needs of the people of the bordering towns, including co-operation on education, health and welfare, and mechanisms were developed to promote co-operation between various departments of the two provinces.
		According to the head of African languages at the University of Fort Hare, Dr Ntalenyane Lesoetsa, the name East Griqualand originates from the name Griqua and the area itself was named after the Griquas who were descendants of Adam Kok.
		He said the Griquas originally lived in the northern parts of the Cape around the Kimberly area and came from the west to the east, crossing the Drakensberg through Matatiele to the district now called Kokstad.
	www.dispatch.co.za /2000/02/19/easterncape/MUNICIPA.HTM (592 words)

	1870s Griqua Town Patterns (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Griqua Town is located in Griqualand West near Kimberley, the epicenter of the South African diamond mining industry.
		It was Campbell who records the initial meeting in which the Griqua Town coins of 1815 were discussed.
		There are two further Griqua pattern coins, one dated 1890 and the other of similar design but undated which were struck in minuscule quantities by Otto Nolte and Co.
	www.tokencoins.com /gr07a.htm (510 words)

	Griqua History
		The Griqua have their own national history, own traditionsl leadership that is more than 300 years old, their own flag and monuments, commemorative days, traditional clothing as well as other national traditions that forms part of their identity.
		The current Griqua Paramount Chief, Alan le Fleur I, can trace his roots back to before 1820's when a group of people of diverse background on recommendation of reverant John Campbell, exchanged their race naming from Gouri-Griqua to the current known Griqua.
		The roots of the Griqua can in fact be traced back to 1740 when the first Paramount Chief of the Griquas, Adam Kok I, ruled.
	www.ratelgat.co.za /history.htm (2700 words)

	MixedFolks.com - The Coloureds of Southern Africa
		In the 19th century, the Griqua Coloured established themselves in a homeland including the town of Kimberly, where gold was first found in South Africa.
		The Griqua were renowned as masters of the horse and herders.
		The Griqua and other Coloureds are mostly Christian, predominantly Dutch Reformed.
	www.mixedfolks.com /africa.htm (1135 words)

	The Griqua
		The anchor line was hooked firmly into the bowels of the Griqua wreck 51metres below our rubber duck.
		Many were attached to large hooks that waved lazily in the current.
		Penetration of the wreck would have revealed cups and saucers embroided with The Griqua name.
	www.wits.ac.za /underwater/wucmain/wucnews/thegriqua.htm (744 words)

	Circulating currency in Griqua Town in 1815/16 ? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		He has a lengthy and well documented forty page summary on the Griquas which includes Campbell's references to the meeting that the missionary had which led to the name Griquas and the acceptance of the fourteen laws.
		The Griquas lost all respect for Anderson following this drive and the main families (Kok and Barends) left Griqua Town in 1814 for Daniel's Kuil and Campbell to escape his influence.
		The paper by H A Parson in 1927 was instrumental in the theory that the Griquas in 1815/16 used the Griqua Town coins as currency.
	about-south-africa.com /talk/about87.html (1062 words)

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