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	Grote Reber - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Grote Reber (December 22, 1911 – December 20, 2002) was one of the pioneers of radio astronomy.
		Reber was born and raised in Wheaton, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago, and graduated from Armour Institute of Technology (later Illinois Institute of Technology) in 1933 with a degree in radio engineering.
		Reber later donated his telescope to the NRAO in Green Bank, West Virginia, and helped supervise its re-construction at that site.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Grote_Reber (557 words)

	Print Article: Astronomy pioneer tuned in to map the skies
		Grote Reber, a radio astronomer who built the first substantial radio telescope dedicated to astronomy and put it in his backyard in Wheaton, Illinois, has died in Tasmania, his home for some 50 years.
		Reber's work opened a window on the universe that eventually produced such landmark discoveries as quasars, pulsars and the remnant afterglow of the big bang.
		Reber was an engineering student in 1931 when Karl Jansky of Bell Telephone Laboratories, using a large antenna system, made his famous discovery of cosmic radio waves emanating from beyond the solar system.
	www.smh.com.au /cgi-bin/common/popupPrintArticle.pl?path=/articles/2002/12/26/1040511130692.html (524 words)

	Grote_Reber_medal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The inaugural Grote Reber medal is awarded to W C Erickson, (Figure 1) Professor Emeritus at University of Maryland and Honorary Research Associate at the University of Tasmania.
		The medal is administered by the Queen Victoria Museum in Launceston in cooperation with the University of Tasmania, the ATNF and the NRAO.
		Reber was born on 22 December 1911 in Chicago.
	www.atnf.csiro.au /news/newsletter/jun05/Grote_Reber_medal.htm (559 words)

	Grote Reber
		Grote Reber was born in Chicago on December 22, 1911 (d.12/20/2002).
		Reber knew that it would be important to observe a wide range of wavelengths of radiation from the sky in order to understand how the radiation was being produced.
		Reber found that the radio power was weaker at higher frequencies, contrary to what was predicted by the theory of thermal radiation.
	www.nrao.edu /whatisra/hist_reber.shtml (1875 words)

	National Park Service: Astronomy and Astrophysics (Reber Radio Telescope)
		The Reber Radio Telescope was designed and built by Grote Reber in 1937 for his personal use in conducting research in the newly emerging field of radio astronomy.
		Reber originally preferred a full steerable mounting, but this was far too expensive, so he decided on a meridian transit instrument steerable in elevation only, relying on Earth's rotation to scan the heavens.
		Grote Reber's work from 1937 to 1948, using the radio telescope he personally designed and built, demonstrated the importance of Jansky's discovery, and forever changed the science of astronomy.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/butowsky5/astro4o.htm (1669 words)

	Finding Aid to the Papers of Grote Reber, 1910-1999
		Reber was soon frustrated by working as part of a government bureaucracy, by the lack of support for building a large radio telescope, and by the growing influence of McCarthyism.
		Reber had a keen interest in political and social issues, and was particularly concerned with the management of U.S. scientific research, arguing against the funding of big science and large radio telescope projects.
		Primary correspondents are Grote Reber, Milton Trautman of Isotopes, Inc., T. Rafter and H.S. Jansen of the Institute of Nuclear Science in New Zealand, Harold W. Krueger of Geochron Laboratories, Rhys Jones, Alice Bermingham of the Institute of Applied Science of Victoria, and Kunihiko Kigoshi of Gakushuin University.
	www.nrao.edu /archives/Reber/reber.shtml (3831 words)

	Radio Astronomy Pioneer Dies
		Reber was the first person to build a radio telescope dedicated to astronomy, opening up a whole new "window" on the Universe that eventually produced such landmark discoveries as quasars, pulsars and the remnant "afterglow" of the Big Bang.
		Reber was a radio engineer and avid amateur "ham" radio operator in Wheaton, Illinois, in the 1930s when he read about Karl Jansky's 1932 discovery of natural radio emissions coming from outer space.
		Reber also received a number of honors normally reserved for scientists professionally trained in astronomy, including the American Astronomical Society's Henry Norris Russell Lectureship and the Astronomical Society of the Pacific's Bruce Medal in 1962, the National Radio Astronomy Observatory's Jansky Lectureship in 1975, and the Royal Astronomical Society's Jackson-Gwilt Medal in 1983.
	www.aoc.nrao.edu /epo/pr/2002/reber (590 words)

	Remembering Grote Reber (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Reber was the first person to build a radio telescope dedicated to astronomy, and his self-financed experiments laid the foundation for today's advanced radio astronomy facilities.
		Reber's early efforts eventually produced such landmark discoveries as quasars, pulsars and the remnant "afterglow" of The Big Bang.
		Reber also received a number of honors normally reserved for scientists professionally trained in astronomy, including the American Astronomical Society's Henry Norris Russell Lectureship and the Astronomical Society of the Pacific's Bruce Medal in 1962, the NRAO's Jansky Lectureship in 1975, and the Royal Astronomical Society's Jackson-Gwilt Medal in 1983.
	www.setileague.org /admin/reber.htm (726 words)

	Grote Reber (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Reber was born and raised in Chicago, and graduated from the Illinois Institute ofTechnology in 1933 with a degree in radio engineering.
		Reber turned his attention tomaking a radio-frequency sky map, which he completed in 1941 and extended in 1943.
		Reber later donated his telescope to the NRAO in Green Bank, West Virginia, and helped supervise it'sre-construction at that site.
	www.therfcc.org /grote-reber-34674.html (502 words)

	Education \| Grote Reber
		Grote Reber, who has died aged 90, was, for several years, the world's only radio astronomer.
		It was left to Reber to combine his ham radio knowledge, and his fascination with astronomy, to determine whether the waves were coming from our own galaxy, the Milky Way, or from some other celestial objects.
		Reber spent hours scanning the skies every night because there was too much interference from the sparks in car engines during the daytime.
	education.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,4575939-110843,00.html (795 words)

	Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery - Home
		Grote Reber was born on 22 December 1911.
		Reber's telescope was the forerunner of the classic design of the world's famous radio telescopes (including the famous 'dish' at Parkes, in Australia).
		Reber used his telescope, which had a diameter of 9.75 metres, to map the sky at a wavelength of 1.9 metres, corresponding to a frequency of 160 MHz.
	www.qvmag.tas.gov.au /reber.html (1108 words)

	Grote Reber Biography / Biography of Grote Reber Main Biography
		Grote Reber (born 1911) was a radio engineer who became interested in radio astronomy as a hobby.
		Grote Reber was born on December 22, 1911 in Wheaton, Illinois, about 25 miles west of Chicago.
		His mother, Harriet Grote, was a grade school teacher who interested Reber in astronomy with a book by one of her former students, Edwin P. Hubble.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-grote-reber (246 words)

	reberpage3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Reber could only use his radio telescope at times of the day when there were hardly any automobiles out.
		Reber published some of the results of his surveys in both engineering journals and astronomy journals from 1938-1943.
		Grote Reber’s radio telescope now remains at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) in Green Bank, West Virginia, as a historical monument.
	www.angelfire.com /scifi/concordiasci/reber/reberpage3.html (238 words)

	Ham Radio and Radio Astronomy
		In those days, that was quite an achievement, and it left Reber thinking, as he later wrote, "that there were no more worlds to conquer." When he read of Jansky's discovery, he found some more worlds.
		Reber's radio astronomy work continued for a number of years, and his results were published in the Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, the Astrophysical Journal, Nature, and the Journal of Geophysical research.
		Grote Reber died in Tasmania on December 20, 2002, just two days shy of his 91st birthday.
	www.aoc.nrao.edu /intro/ham.connection.html (1070 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Grote Reber
		Reber, Grote (1911-2002), American radio engineer, the builder of the first radio telescope (Radio Astronomy).
		Unsuccessful attempts to detect celestial radio emission were made during the latter part of the 19th century.
		Grote, George (1794-1871), British banker, historian of Greece, and politician, born near Beckenham, England, and educated at the Charterhouse...
	encarta.msn.com /Grote_Reber.html (105 words)

	SETI Public Mailing List: SETI public: Grote Reber Dies at 90
		Reber, who was also a ham radio operator, set out to determine whether the waves were coming only from the galaxy or from other celestial objects.
		Reber went on to receive a number of major awards usually reserved for professional astronomers, including the American Astronomical Society's highest honor in 1962 and several lectureships.
		Grote Reber was born in Chicago in 1911 and earned his bachelor's degree from the Armour Institute of Technology, now the Illinois Institute of Technology.
	seti.sentry.net /archive/public/2002/Dec/0066.html (616 words)

	Inventor of the Week: Archive
		During the 1930s Reber attempted to get a job working with Jansky, who was at Bell Labs at the time, to study cosmic radio waves.
		Reber donated his original radio telescope to the National Radio Astronomy Observatory at Green Bank, West Virginia, and supervised its assembly there in the early 1960s.
		Reber worked as a Radio Physicist at the National Bureau of Standards from 1947 to 1951.
	web.mit.edu /invent/iow/reber.html (631 words)

	Reber, Grote (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Reber was born in Wheaton, Illinois, and studied at the Illinois Institute of Technology.
		Reber's first instrument was a bowl-shaped reflector 9 m/30 ft in diameter, with an antenna at its focus, built in the back garden of his Illinois home in 1957.
		For a number of years, Reber's was probably the only radio telescope in existence.
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/R/Reber/1.html (192 words)

	Encyclopedia: Grote Reber
		Layers of Atmosphere (NOAA) Earths atmosphere is a layer of gases surrounding the planet Earth and retained by the Earths gravity.
		Grote Reber he was quite a busy boy
		Reber's mother was a teacher, and Miss Grote,
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Grote-Reber (1481 words)

	The Bruce Medalists: Grote Reber
		Grote Reber, a young engineering graduate of what is now the Illinois Institute of Technology working as a radio engineer in Chicago, was the first to follow up Karl Jansky’s 1933 announcement of the discovery of radio waves from space.
		Devoting nights and weekends to his hobby Reber constructed a 9-meter dish antenna in his back yard in suburban Wheaton, Illinois and built three different detectors before finding signals at a frequency of 160 megahertz in 1939.
		Reber was the second astronomer (after William Huggins) to be awarded the Bruce medal for work performed as an amateur.
	www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu /BruceMedalists/Reber/Reber.html (385 words)

	To John - text in italics can go elsewhere - not in this narrative) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Reber was enchanted by Jansky’s discovery and foresaw the prospect of putting his hobby to exciting new use.
		Reber knew a metal dish would allow him to search for cosmic static at many wavelengths, not just one, as was the case with a wire antenna.
		Grote Reber, lone pioneer of radio astronomy, will be missed.
	www.gb.nrao.edu /~sheather/radio_show/reber.html (666 words)

	Signals, Volume 19, Number 1, February 2003
		Grote Reber was a radio ham and electronics technician who decided there may well be something to be learned about the universe using radio emission from beyond the earth.
		Reber reasoned that most radiation familiar to astronomers was thermal (stars, planets and moons) he should find the strongest signatures at short radio wavelengths.
		It is interesting to note Grote Reber did not accept the expansion of the universe as an explanation of Hubble's redshift-distance relation.
	www.naapo.org /Signals/news2003/signals200302.htm (1917 words)

	Zoom Astronomy Glossary: R
		Gote Reber (a ham radio operator) made the first true radio telescope (usiing a 32-foot diameter parabolic dish to focus the radio waves) after reading of Jansky's discoveries.
		Reber built a 9-meter parabolic reflector dish radio antenna in his yard in Illinois - it was tte first radio telescope used for astronomy.
		Reber's work led to many developments in radio astronomy; he made the first radio maps of the sky and showed that the brightest areas corresponded to the center of the Milky Way.
	www.enchantedlearning.com /subjects/astronomy/glossary/indexr.shtml (2336 words)

	[amsat-bb] Silent Key -- Grote Reber, W9GFZ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Grote first tried to build a 3300 MHz radiometer, then a 900 MHz radiometer but neither effort was successful.
		Grote was invited back to help and when he arrived in Greenbank, the observatory director asked if he had any other science experiments to perform.
		All of them had Grote's personal property tag on them and some still had original recordings of the type seen in http://www.gb.nrao.edu/fgdocs/reber/images/grote4.gif on the tail-ends of the rolls of chart paper.
	www.uk.amsat.org /ListArchives/amsat-bb/2002/msg09879.html (628 words)

	Grote Reber, Unsung Pioneer of Radio Astronomy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Reber was a radio engineer in Wheaton, Illinois, and an avid "ham" -- an amateur radio operator.
		For Grote Reber, it represented a whole new kingdom of possibilities.
		Though he was not a professional scientist, Reber's research papers were published in journals such as Nature, The Astrophysical Journal, Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, and the Journal of Geophysical Research.
	www.chris-winter.com /Orisons/Unsun_Grot.html (654 words)

	Reber, Grote -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		U.S. astronomer and radio engineer who built the first radio telescope and was largely responsible for the early development of radio astronomy, which opened an entirely new research front in the study of the universe.
		Known as the father of radio astronomy, U.S. astronomer Grote Reber completed the first radio maps of the sky in 1942 with a homemade telescope.
		Reber's was the only radio telescope in the world until after World War II.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9394715 (432 words)

	A final resting place at Jodrell Bank Observatory for Grote Reber, a founding father of radio astronomy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Almost 20 years before the completion of the Lovell Telescope, Grote Reber, inspired by a chance discovery of radio radiation coming from the centre of the Milky Way, built his own 31-ft radio telescope in his back yard in Illinois.
		From 1937 until after the second world war, Reber was the world's only active radio astronomer and, in 1938, he used this telescope to make the first map of the radio emission from the Milky Way and also discovered the bright extra-galactic radio sources in Cygnus and Cassiopeia.
		Grote Reber died in 2002, and part of his ashes have been brought to the Jodrell Bank Observatory of the University of Manchester where they will be placed in its control building during a ceremony to be held at 4pm on Thursday 25th November.
	www.jb.man.ac.uk /news/reber (234 words)

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