
	Where results make sense

Topic: Groundwater flow equation

Related Topics

Hydrogeology

In the News (Mon 28 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Hydrogeology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Darcy's law is a Constitutive equation (empirically derived by Henri Darcy, in 1856) which states the amount of groundwater discharging through a given portion of aquifer is proportional to the cross-sectional area to flow, the hydraulic head gradient and the hydraulic conductivity.
		The equation is often used to predict flow to wells, which have radial symmetry, so the flow equation is commonly solved in polar or cylindrical coordinates.
		To use the groundwater flow equation to estimate the distribution of hydraulic heads, or the direction and rate of groundwater flow, this partial differential equation (PDE) must be solved.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hydrogeology (2327 words)

	Groundwater flow equation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Used in hydrogeology, the groundwater flow equation is the mathematical relationship which is used to describe the flow of groundwater through an aquifer.
		The transient flow of groundwater is described by a form of the diffusion equation, similar to that used in heat transfer to describe the flow of heat in a solid (heat conduction).
		The steady-state flow of groundwater is described by a form of the Laplace equation, which is a form of potential flow and has analogs in numerous fields.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Groundwater_flow_equation (1025 words)

	Syllabi 2006-2007 B-KUL-I0748B Groundwater Hydrology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Groundwater abstraction techniques: advantages of groundwater use; abstraction techniques: wells and galleries; principles of well flow: drawdown, cone of depression, radius of influence, maximum and specific capacity; interference between wells and aquifer boundaries; design of well fields; safe yield and groundwater management.
		Groundwater modelling: basics of finite difference techniques; finite difference solution for aquifer flow; basics of finite element techniques; finite element solution for aquifer flow; introduction to well known groundwater flow models.
		Groundwater chemistry: groundwater chemical constituents and main processes; oxygen status and organic matter decay in unsaturated and saturated groundwater layers; mineral dissolution and ion evolution cycle; groundwater isotopes; groundwater pollution sources and major pollutants; measurement techniques and interpretation and classification of water types; groundwater quality assessment and protection techniques.
	www.kuleuven.ac.be /onderwijs/aanbod/syllabi/I0748BE.htm (445 words)

	Kris Kuhlman \| The Laplace Transform Analytic Element Method (LT-AEM)
		Each flow element is developed as a solutions to the governing flow equation, therefore the superposition of these elements is also a valid solution of the flow PDE, and conservation of mass is guaranteed (in contrast to the finite difference method).
		In Laplace space, the governing groundwater flow equation is the modified Helmholtz equation (an elliptical PDE, like the Laplace equation, which the AEM solves), rather than the traditional diffusion equation (a parabolic PDE).
		The AEM is applied to the transformed groundwater flow equation, and a final solution is obtained using a numerical inverse Laplace transform algorithm developed by de Hoog, Knight and Stokes (1982).
	www.u.arizona.edu /~kuhlman/ltaem.html (721 words)

	GGSD Program Details for MODFLOW-2000
		Flow from external stresses, such as flow to wells, areal recharge, evapotranspiration, flow to drains, and flow through river beds, can be simulated.
		The groundwater flow equation is solved using the finite difference approximation.
		The flow region is subdivided into blocks in which the medium properties are assumed to be uniform.
	www.ggsd.com /ggsd/program.cfm?prog_id=794 (231 words)

	Groundwater Storage and Flow
		This is thousands of times slower than river flow (typically measured in feet per second), and means that a 'parcel' of groundwater takes over a decade to move a mile, and about a century to cross a township.
		Its rate of flow is determined by the steepness of the slope and an aquifer characteristic called hydraulic conductivity.
		In a porous medium, flow is described by Darcy's Law, an equation that relates the rate of flow to the slope (or gradient) of the water table and the characteristics of the aquifer.
	www.kgs.ku.edu /HighPlains/atlas/apgengw.htm (1020 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Flow nets not only provide a visualization of groundwater flow patterns, but can also be used to quantify groundwater flow rates.
		We can use flow nets to determine the specific discharge at a point within the domain, or to determine the total amount of water moving through a portion of an aquifer.
		We can imagine that we are interested in the rate and pattern of groundwater flow in a confined aquifer that might be either homogeneous or heterogeneous, with a block of material of different hydraulic conductivity in the center.
	www.bcc.orst.edu /~wildend/Flownets.DOC (607 words)

	Saturated-Unsaturated 3D Groundwater Model. I: Development (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		A new saturated-unsaturated three-dimensional (3D) groundwater flow model (SU3D) has been developed that calculates the pressure distribution over the entire groundwater flow domain in response to rainfall and evapotranspiration.
		Recent advances in solving the saturated-unsaturated groundwater flow equation are incorporated into SU3D, which solves the nonlinear, 3D, modified mixed form of the Richards equation continuously throughout the groundwater flow domain.
		The non-linear terms of the governing equation are linearized using a modified Picard iteration scheme, and the preconditioned conjugate gradient method is used to solve the linearized system of equations.
	www.pubs.asce.org /WWWdisplay.cgi?0529092 (190 words)

	A two-step explicit solution of the Boussinesq equation for efficient simulation of unconfined aquifers in ...
		Thus the groundwater flow equation needs to be solved using explicit techniques such as influence functions or the eigenvalue technique.
		Using a change of variable, it is possible to define an equation with a structure similar to the linear groundwater flow equation.
		Approaching this term by means of a fictitious stress, we obtain a linear equation analogous to the confined groundwater flow equation.
	www.agu.org /pubs/crossref/2006/2005WR004473.shtml (403 words)

	FLONET/TRANS
		Typically, with finite-element groundwater modeling, the process of building the input data file for a groundwater flow and/or transport model is often a cumbersome and time-intensive task best suited for those with an abundance of patience and an affinity for numerical programming.
		The flow streamlines are very useful for indicating the groundwater flow pathways and are also commonly used to calculate the groundwater flux (discharge) along a seepage face.
		The volumetric flow rate is calculated by multiplying (number of streamlines) x (streamline increment value) x (unit thickness of the cross-sectional model).
	www.mpassociates.gr /software/environment/flonet.html (1787 words)

	GroundwaterSoftware.com - September 2005 Newsletter: Visual Modflow 4.1
		The groundwater flow equation usually implemented into a model is for relatively pure water, with low total dissolved solids (TDS) and solute concentrations.
		However, sometimes this is not the case, and the flow equation needs to accommodate solutions with density effects.
		To form the usual groundwater flow equations used in groundwater modelling, assumptions are made regarding the variation of density in the system.
	www.groundwatersoftware.com /newsletter/sep05/index.htm (891 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Heat flux includes geothermal heat flow (in-flux), conduction from aquifer to the land surface, advection (heat conveyed by water) from areal recharge, and advection to or from fixed-head boundaries.
		The program uses an iterative procedure that alternatively solves the groundwater- and heat-flow equations, updating advective flux after solution of the groundwater flow equation, and updating hydraulic conductivity after solution of the heat flow equation.
		The finite difference equations for both groundwater- and heat-flow are solved using a direct method.
	www.mines.edu /igwmc/software/igwmcsoft/hotwtr.htm (553 words)

	Ground Water Modeling (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The groundwater flow models developed by and for SJRWMD incorporate the McDonald and Harbaugh (1988) modular, three-dimensional, finite-difference, groundwater flow model (MODFLOW) developed for the USGS.
		Groundwater flow simulation models predict pressure heads and fluxes resulting from specified initial conditions, boundary conditions, and pumping rates.
		Since the response equations are developed only at points of interest it is not necessary for equations to be developed for each grid cell within the aquifer system which allows for the dimensionality of the management problem to be significantly reduced when compared to other simulation/optimization techniques such as the embedded method.
	sjr.state.fl.us /programs/plan_monitor/gw_assess/gw_model.html (754 words)

	Colleges & Programmes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The general groundwater flow equation: Derivation, heterogeneity and anisotropy, boundary conditions, methods of solution.
		Groundwater chemistry: Chemical composition, chemical changes, mechanisms of groundwater pollution, transport of solutes, saline water intrusion, water quality standards and water use.
		Derivation of groundwater flow equation and types of boundary conditions, analytical and numerical groundwater flow modeling, finite difference models, stability and convergence critieria, solution techniques.
	www.agu.edu.bh /english/colleges/grad-c16.htm (568 words)

	GEO 4010, GEO 8980 - Coupled heat and fluid flow in the Earth's crust
		Smith, L., and D.S. Chapman, On the thermal effects of groundwater flow, 1.
		Forster, C., and L. Smith, The influence of groundwater flow on thermal regimes in mountainous terrain: a model study, J. Geophys.
		Ingebritsen, S.E., Sherrod, and Mariner, Rates and patterns of groundwater flow in the Cascades range volcanic arc, and the effect on subsurface temperatures, J. Geophys.
	www.geo.umn.edu /courses/4010 (563 words)

	Groundwater Flow (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Groundwater flow is from high hydraulic head (high water level) to low hydraulic head (low water level).
		Calculations of groundwater flow rate Q, can be made by Darcy's Law.
		As he increased the difference in water levels, the flow rate increased.
	www.geology.sdsu.edu /classes/geol351/gwflow.htm (235 words)

	Equation Hydraulic Sprinkler Update \| Equation Hydraulic Sprinkler Portal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Pump a second order regression equation describing the pump curve is used a summary of the sprinkler inventory.
		Spacings are judged, and they may also be used to set hydraulic limitations on the sprinkler pipe network this is an equation by which the yield can be calculated from.
		The Bernoulli equation ties all the different hydraulic calculations and fire sprinkler design hydraulic calculations are based on the concepts.
	www.sprinklersprinklers.info /equation-hydraulic-sprinkler.html (825 words)

	Romero (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The U.S. Geological Survey modular groundwater flow model (MODFLOW) by McDonald and Harbaugh is regarded as an implementation of a finite-difference numerical scheme applied to the governing groundwater flow equation.
		However, a comparison of MODFLOW’s discretized form of the flow equation with that derived by an integrated finite-difference (IFD) technique reveals that MODFLOW implements an IFD numerical scheme within the confines of a finite-difference grid.
		An IFD numerical scheme inherent in MODFLOW enables minor modifications to be made to the method in which the model reads and prepares data to enable the construction of a grid with a more complicated geometry than that of a finite difference grid.
	typhoon.mines.edu /events/modflow2003/abstract/Romero.htm (219 words)

	Inverse modeling of groundwater flow using model reduction
		Numerical groundwater flow models often have a very high number of model cells (greater than a million).
		This paper describes a low-dimensional formulation for groundwater flow that reduces the computational burden necessary for inverse modeling.
		The formulation is a projection of the original groundwater flow equation on a set of orthogonal patterns (i.e., a Galerkin projection).
	www.agu.org /pubs/crossref/2005/2004WR003698.shtml (380 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The size of the velocity vectors in the output figures is proportional to their magnitude, that is, bigger arrows mean higher flow rates.
		Vary the height of the basin (HT) between 40 and 200 m and examine the velocities and equipotentials.
		Tóth, J. A theoretical analysis of groundwater flow in small drainage basins.
	www.bcc.orst.edu /~wildend/Toth.doc (670 words)

	Qun Liu's Homepage -- C++ Builder & Visual Basic Programming; GIS; Groundwater Modeling; OpenGL; Direct3D (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		If the geology is such that it is not possible to align the principal direction of the hydraulic conductivity tensor with the rectilinear coordinate system, the complete tensorial form of the governing equation that utilizes all of the components of the hydraulic conductivity tensor is required to fully describe the groundwater flow.
		In particular, we address one of the major difficulties in solving the tensorial form of the groundwater flow equation.
		We demonstrate the advantage of the improved scheme with a number of groundwater flow examples and systematic comparison with exact solutions.
	www.egr.msu.edu /~liuqu/paper/agu_sfshari.html (367 words)

	Support Forums - Groundwater Flow Rate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		I have used PCSWMM to construct a model of an undeveloped catchment.
		I have taken the general form of the groundwater flow equation (equations 4-126 and 4-127 in my text) and matched the coefficients to the Dupuit equation.
		SWMM 4 multplies the value of GWFLW (L/T) by the area of the WHOLE watershed to generate the groundwater flow in L^3/T. Or in Fortran:
	www.bossintl.com /forums/printthread/threadid/12653.html (93 words)

	FLONET/TRANS - 2-D cross-sectional steady-state groundwater flow and transport model - create flownet diagrams - ...
		FLONET/TRANS is the fastest and easiest software package for 2-D cross-sectional groundwater flow and contaminant transport modeling.
		This unique modeling environment offers all the advantages of finite-element modeling (numerical stability and flexible geometry) together with a logical and intuitive graphical interface that makes finite-element modeling fast and easy, even for first-time users.
		FLONET/TRANS uses the dual formulation of hydraulic potentials and streamlines to solve the saturated groundwater flow equation and create accurate flownet diagrams for any two-dimensional saturated groundwater flow system.
	www.scisoftware.com /products/flonet_overview/flonet_overview.html (173 words)

	GGSD Program Details for HOTWTR
		HOTWTR is a block-centred finite difference model for simulating 3D steady-state groundwater flow and heat transport in an isotropic, heterogeneous confined aquifer system with uniform thermal properties and no change of state.
		Driving forces on the system are external hydrologic conditions of recharge from precipitation and fixed hydraulic head boundaries.
		The program uses an iterative procedure that alternatively solves the groundwater-flow and heat-flow equations, updating advective flux after solution of the groundwater flow equation, and updating hydraulic conductivity after solution of the heat flow equation.
	www.ggsd.com /ggsd/program.cfm?prog_id=547 (199 words)

	[No title]
		A general form of groundwater flow governing equation is: EMBED Equation.3 (1) where Kx, Ky, and Kz are components of the principal hydraulic conductivity.
		R is a sink/source term (R is positive for an injecting well, negative for a pumping well) Question: Show that the Laplace equation EMBED Equation.3 (2) maybe generated from Eq.
		A one dimensional groundwater flow equation in an aquifer is given as: EMBED Equation.3 (3) where K is hydraulic conductivity, Ss is specific storage.
	geoweb.tamu.edu /Faculty/Zhan/course/625s05/Homework1.doc (382 words)

	Modeling hydrologic processes
		groundwater flow perpendicular to equipotential lines (lines of equal hydraulic head) if hydraulic conductivity is not dependent on direction
		Visual Modflow is a software package that allows users to model groundwater flow and transport
		surface waters and groundwater, as well as management parameters, like how many people are sup
	www.ldeo.columbia.edu /~psguest/hydro/lectures/model.htm (483 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)