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	Growing Degree Days as a Method of Rating the Maturity of Corn Hybrids, AGF-101-90
		Growing Degree Days or heat units are calculated for each day starting the day after planting.
		Growing Degree Day accumulations for specific locations in the state may be found in the following table.
		Since GDD accumulations per year increase as one moves southwestward across the state, the relative maturity lengths of adapted hybrids increase in the same direction (i.e., hybrids classed as long season in Wayne County will be a short or mid-season maturity in Clinton County).
	ohioline.osu.edu /agf-fact/0101.html (561 words)

	Degree Days
		Heating degree days (HDD) are used to estimate the amount of energy required for residential space heating during the cool season.
		Growing degree days (GDD) are used to estimate the growth and development of plants and insects during the growing season.
		Modified growing degree days are typically used to monitor the development of corn, the assumption being that development is limited once the temperature exceeds 86F.
	www.i4weather.net /ddays.html (651 words)

	Wunderground.com Degree Days FAQ : Weather Underground
		Growing degree day accumulations involve the amount of accumulated heat required for insects and their host plants to flourish.
		Growing degree days are those days necessary for these organisms to complete their growth and development.
		The determination of growing degree days is very similar to that of the heating degree days used by a company selling home heating fuel to determine the schedule of the next shipment of fuel oil.
	www.wunderground.com /about/faq/degreedays.asp (525 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		GDD are used by horticulturists and gardeners to predict the date that a flower will bloom or a crop reach maturity.
		Growing degree days take aspects of local weather into account and allow gardeners to predict (or, in greenhouses, even to control) the plants' pace toward maturity.
		Growing degree days are also used by some farmers to time their use of pest controls so they are applying the treatment at the point that the pest is most vulnerable.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=growing_degree_day (442 words)

	GDD and Plant Phenology - Landscape Nursery and Urban Forestry - UMass Extension
		The growing use of less persistent, more environmentally benign pesticides, increased use of alternative management strategies and the rising costs of labor have all magnified the importance of accurate timing in pest management.
		The calendar, calculation of growing degree days (GDD), and correlation of pest deveopment with plant phenology are the three most commonly used methods for insects and mites.
		As each day's GDD are added to the total, a growth unit calendar for the season is created.
	www.umassgreeninfo.org /fact_sheets/ipmtools/gdd_phrenology.html (742 words)

	Welcome to eotsweb.org
		Degree Day – A parameter developed by heating and cooling engineers to relate energy use to temperature.
		Growing Degree Day - A form of degree day used to estimate the approximate dates when a crop will be ready to harvest.
		One growing degree day occurs when the daily mean temperature is one degree above the minimum temperature required for the growth of that specific crop.
	www.eotsweb.org /weatherterms.php (3107 words)

	Growing degree unit meter and method - Patent 6967656
		A method for determining the growing degree units (GDUs) accumulated at a particular farm site throughout the growing season, the amount that such accumulation is above or below the average historical GDU accumulation that occurred at the farm site, and a GDU meter for obtaining and displaying such information.
		The amount of heat accumulated during the growing season is measured as "growing degree units" (GDUs).
		Growing degree units are used in the industry to describe and predict stages of corn growth from planting to harvest.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6967656.html (4032 words)

	Growing Degree Days, 2000
		With a time interval this small, the calculated GDDs are essentially "exact" values, as they do not depend (as is often the case) on modeling the daily temperature cycle based just on daily minimum and maximum values.
		Each one-hour interval yields a growing degree incremental value of (T-50)/24 when T is greater than 50.
		Note that, by the end of the 2000 growing season (the end of October), the accumulated GDD value from PHL is higher by almost 300 than the value in my back yard.
	www.mcs.drexel.edu /~dbrooks/globe/gdd.htm (296 words)

	The Ontario Weather Page - Agriculture - Growing Degree Days Calculator
		Growing degree days is an energy term obtained by subtracting the value five from the average daily temperature.
		The threshold value of 5°C is derived from the growth habits of cereal and forage crops, which show little growth or development when average temperatures are below 5°C. Daily growing degree day values are added together from the beginning of the season, providing an indication of the energy available for plant growth.
		Growing degree day totals are used for comparing the progress of a growing season to the long-term average and are useful for estimating crop development stages and maturity dates.
	www.ontarioweather.com /industry/agriculture/agrgrowing.asp (192 words)

	Definition of Growing Degree Day
		Growing Degree Day -- The number of degrees that the average temperature is above a baseline value.
		For example, 40 degrees for canning purposes; 45 degree for potatoes; and 50 degrees for sweet corn, snap beans, lima beans, tomatoes, grapes, and field corn.
		Every degree that the average temperature is above the baseline value becomes a growing degree day.
	www.teachmefinance.com /Scientific_Terms/Growing_Degree_Day.html (108 words)

	Journey North 1997/98: Teachers Manual
		That is, we only expect buds and leaves grow on days the temperature is above 40 degrees F. When it's below 40 degrees F, we don't expect any growth to occur.
		In order to find out how much heat buds and leaves need to grow and emerge, students will add up the heat received every day--as long as it is warmer than 40 degrees, the base temperature.
		Each day, use the Growing Degree Day equation to calcuate the amount of heat your leaves have received.
	www.learner.org /jnorth/tm/leaf/GDD.html (573 words)

	CABALLO DAM, NEW MEXICO Period of Record General Climate Summary - Growing Degree Days
		Growing Degree Day units are computed as the difference between the daily average temperature and the base temperature.
		Example: If the days high temperature was 95 and the low temperature was 51, the base 60 heating degree day units is ((95 + 51) / 2) - 60 = 13.
		Corn Growing Degree Day units have the limitations that the maximum daily temperatures greater than 86 F are set to 86 F and minimums less than 50 F are set to 50 F. Table updated on Jul 28, 2006
	www.wrcc.dri.edu /cgi-bin/cliGCStG.pl?nmcaba (171 words)

	Journey North Tulip Garden and Climate Change Study
		Each day, use the Growing Degree Day equation to calcuate the amount of heat your plants have received.
		Notice that the Growing Degree Day value for 2/3/04 is zero.
		After 5 days they have received 17 Growing Degrees Days.
	www.learner.org /jnorth/tm/tulips/GDDChartInstructions.html (258 words)

	About AgriMet Growing Degree Days -- Bureau of Reclamation
		AgriMet uses an agronomically accepted algorithm for computing growing degree days that provides a means of evaluating the progress of the growing season.
		Temperatures above 86 degrees are not always beneficial to plant growth (and can be stressful) while temperatures below 50 degrees do not "detract" from any heat energy available to the plant.
		TIP: For a quick summation of growing degree days by month, go to Archive Data Access: Water Year Report Format and select "TG" as the Parameter.
	www.usbr.gov /pn/agrimet/gdd.html (182 words)

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	Metcheck.com - Global Weather Forecasts - [Updated on 24 September 2007 at 18:00] - Weather Feeds - Live Data - Long ...
		Elsewhere it will be pleasant by day with some spells of sunshine, however by night there will be a risk of fog and frost from Wednesday night onwards especially.
		Precipitation totals even with the heavy rain of the last few days, continue to be well below what should be expected for a September month.
		With high pressure returning precipitation totals are likely to remain relatively low for the last few days of the month as well.
	www.metcheck.com /V40/UK/HOME (627 words)

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	Weather Wunderground.com Degree Days FAQ
		Growing degree day accumulations involve the amount of accumulated heat required for insects and their host plants to flourish.
		Growing degree days are those days necessary for these organisms to complete their growth and development.
		The determination of growing degree days is very similar to that of the heating degree days used by a company selling home heating fuel to determine the schedule of the next shipment of fuel oil.
	weather.philly.com /about/faq/degreedays.asp (522 words)

	Degree Days Suitability - DATA - ATLAS OF WINE GRAPE GROWING REGIONS - NAPA - CALIFORNIA
		The growing season, during which degree days accumulated must be specified which in the case of the Napa it is assumed to be the period from April first until the end of August.
		Archive temperature recordings of 4 climate stations was usesd to determine the growing degree day climate in Napa.
		These stations each where at different elevations and since the growing degree day varies with the elevation I produced a regression model based on average degree days (for years between1995 to 2002) for each station and the corresponding elevation of each station.The resulting function of degree day with respect to elevation was as following.
	www.geog.ubc.ca /courses/klink/g470/class02/apirzade/growingdegrees.htm (473 words)

	Growing Degree Days
		To determine the number of growing degree days, the daily high and low are added together and divided by 2 to determine the mean temperature of the day.
		The higher the number of Growing Degree Days, the warmer the day was, allowing the crop to grow faster.
		The GDD’s can also be tracked through the year, as the accumulation of growing degree days can be used to predict when certain critical points in crop development will occur.
	counties.cce.cornell.edu /yates/6060.htm (297 words)

	Growing Seasons
		Growing Degree-days = for a particular crop, a growing degree-day is a day in which the mean daily temp is one degree above the base temperature of that particular crop.
		The number of growing degree-days was often close to number needed to reach maturity because droughts usually are worse later in the summer (that’s why we planted early in Oklahoma City – to avoid drought/heat waves).
		Oklahoma City, OK was the easiest to grow sunflowers in because you could set the plant date past the last frost date and the harvest date before the first frost date and still manage to get enough growing degree-days for sunflowers to reach maturity.
	www.atmos.uiuc.edu /~snodgrss/Growing_Seasons.html (915 words)

	Weather and predicting pest problems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		At the end of every day the GDD total for that day is added to the previous total to create a cumulative number of GDDs.
		One degree day is accumulated when the average temperature for a day is one degree over the lower limit (base temperature) needed for development.
		To calculate the number of GDDS accumulated per day, you need to know: 1) the upper threshold temperature (T high) and lower threshold (T low) for development of the organism you are interested in, 2) the minimum daily temperature, and 3) the maximum daily temperature.
	www.canr.msu.edu /~ipm/grapes/pestGDD.htm (1143 words)

	Gardening Resources, Cornell University
		In a nutshell, growing degree days accumulate anytime the average temperature for the day is more than 50 F. For example, if the high for the day was 70 F and the low was 40 F, the average temperature was 55, and so 5 GDDs accumulated.
		GDD measurements start March 1, and the GDDs for each day are added to the previous total.
		Using growing degree days for insect management at the same site provides a table showing during what GDD interval major woody plant pests are most vulnerable to treatment.
	www.gardening.cornell.edu /weather/gdd.html (675 words)

	Weather-Related FAQ
		Heating Degree Days (HDD) are used as an index to estimate the amount of energy required for heating during the cool season.
		By monitoring heating fuel usage and heating degree day accumulation over a period of time, a building's energy consumption per HDD can be calculated and this value used, for example, in fuel consumption monitoring, energy efficiency evaluation or future fuel supply estimates.
		Cooling Degree Days (CDD) are used as an index to estimate the amount of energy required for cooling during the warm season.
	mcc.sws.uiuc.edu /resources_links/wxfaq5.htm (2627 words)

	Golden Plains Area Extension Web Site -- Perry Brewer -- Determining Growing Degree Days For Field Crops
		The growing degree day index (or heat unit index) is the accumulation of degrees above a threshold daily mean temperature.
		Corn and Sunflowers have a threshold temperature of 50 degrees F. Wheat has a threshold temperature of 40 degrees F. Field beans have a threshold temperature of 60 degrees F. To determine the growing degree day index for that day, subtract the threshold temperature from the mean temperature.
		For days with a daily mean temperature above 86 degrees F., the degree day units are also considered to be zero because of heat stress on the plant.
	www.colostate.edu /depts/CoopExt/GPA/growing_degree_days.html (360 words)

	Paul Smith's College
		The heat accumulation for a given base temperature corresponding to a specific species is reported as growing degree days (GDDs) that are cumulative within the growing season.
		GDD is computed by taking the average temperature on a given day and subtracting 50 degrees Fahrenheit.
		We calculate our degree days using both the standard High-Low method, which is calculated by subtracting the base temperature of 50º from average temperature, and the Integration Method, which calculates degree-day totals more accurately than a simple high - low temperature calculation.
	www.paulsmiths.edu /go.pl?page=aai/weather/d-day.html (363 words)

	A Growing Degree Day Equation For Early Sugarbeet Leaf Stages
		GDD equations have proven to be useful tools for researchers, crop managers and crop producers to predict plant development rate and growth stage.
		Accurate predictions from GDD equations require 1) the temperatures used in the equation are the same as the temperatures experienced by plants in the field and 2) the plants are correctly staged.
		Calendar days may be more accurate in predicting sugarbeet leaf stages because the typical interval from V1 to V9 is less than 30 days and the average number of GDD per day do not vary widely.
	www.sbreb.org /research/prod/prod96/96p152.htm (1843 words)

	Course Content - Theme 1 - What is a Forest? - More on Climate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Length of day, sun’s angle and intensity, and rainfall are all factors of growing season.
		Day length, sun angle, the intensity of the sun all vary according to seasons.
		A growing degree day is an index that combines factors of moisture and temperature to express vegetative growth.
	www.uwsp.edu /natres/nres743/T1Climate.htm (295 words)

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