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	ScienceDaily: Growth Factor Stimulates Rapid Extension Of Key Motor Neurons In Brain
		Science Daily — A growth factor known to be important for the survival of many types of cells stimulates rapid extension of corticospinal motor neurons -- critical brain cells that connect the cerebral cortex with the spinal cord and that die in motor neuron diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig's disease).
		In order to study growth factor controls over these cells, Macklis and Hande Ozdinler, PhD, a postdoctoral fellow in his laboratory, developed a new way of isolating pure populations of CSMN in culture and found that IGF-1 was a prime candidate for control over CSMN development.
		Studies suggest that psoriatic arthritis is caused by genetic, immunological and environmental factors.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2006/11/061103145955.htm (746 words)

	Growth factor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Growth factor is a protein that acts as a signaling molecule between cells (like cytokines and hormones) that attaches to specific receptors on the surface of a target cell and promotes differentiation and maturation of these cells.
		The term growth factor is sometimes used interchangeably among scientitsts with the term cytokine.
		Growth factor signifies a positive effect on cell growth and cellular differentiation, but cytokine is a neutral term in regards to what it is being signalled.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Growth_factor (618 words)

	Insulin-like growth factor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are polypeptides with high sequence similarity to insulin.
		Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is mainly secreted by the liver as a result of stimulation by growth hormone (hGH).
		"Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), IGF receptors, and IGF-binding proteins in primary cultures of prostate epithelial".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Insulin-like_growth_factor (653 words)

	Growth Factors and Cytokines
		Growth factors are proteins that bind to receptors on the cell surface, with the primary result of activating cellular proliferation and/or differentiation.
		Many growth factors are quite versatile, stimulating cellular division in numerous different cell types; while others are specific to a particular cell-type.
		The protein encoded by the Int-2 locus is a homologue of the FGF family of growth factors.
	web.indstate.edu /thcme/mwking/growth-factors.html (2739 words)

	Insulin-like Growth Factor-1
		HGH acts as the general and the growth factors are the soldiers who do the work on the cellular level.
		Growth factors enable the cells in the hormonal, immune, and nervous systems to communicate and coordinate their growth, death, regeneration, and functioning.
		Growth factors are small natural proteins that regulate cell growth and control the metabolic processes.
	www.hgh-pro.com /igf-1.html (530 words)

	Keratinocyte Growth Factor Enhances Post-Pneumonectomy Lung Growth by Alveolar Proliferation -- Kaza et al. 106 (12 ...
		Characterization of the receptor for keratinocyte growth factor.
		Keratinocyte growth factor and its receptor are involved in regulating early lung branching.
		Effects of keratinocyte growth factor in the squamous epithelium of the upper aerodigestive tract of normal and irradiated mice.
	circ.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/106/12_suppl_1/I-120 (3297 words)

	Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1)
		Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a single-chain polypeptide of 70 amino acids.
		It is a trophic factor that circulates at high levels in the blood-stream and mediates many, if not most, of the effects of growth hormone.
		Insulin-like growth factor 1 and its binding proteins: a study of the binding interface using B-domain analogues.
	www.pdrhealth.com /drug_info/nmdrugprofiles/nutsupdrugs/ins_0303.shtml (637 words)

	Growth Factors and Cytokines
		Growth factors are proteins that bind to receptors on the cell surface, with the primary result of activating cellular proliferation and/or differentiation.
		Many growth factors are quite versatile, stimulating cellular division in numerous different cell types; while others are specific to a particular cell-type.
		The protein encoded by the Int-2 locus is a homologue of the FGF family of growth factors.
	www.indstate.edu /thcme/mwking/growth-factors.html (2547 words)

	Growth Factor-1
		The level of growth at which the plateau is reached is predetermined by the amount of anabolic hormones that your body naturally produces.
		Growth Factor-1 is the only legal product on the market that will enable you to build the cartoon like muscle that professional bodybuilders display.
		However, women should be warned that Growth Factor-1, when combined with weight training, promotes a level of muscle growth that leaves a woman with a physique that most people would describe as masculine.
	www.growthfactor-one.com (768 words)

	Temporal and spatial expression of connective tissue growth factor (CCN2; CTGF) and transforming growth factor {beta} ...
		Connective tissue growth factor induces the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of vascular endothelial cells in vitro, and angiogenesis in vivo.
		Inhibition of endogenous expression of connective tissue growth factor by its antisense oligonucleotide and antisense RNA suppresses proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells.
		Keratinocyte growth factor: expression by endometrial epithelia of the porcine uterus.
	mp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/55/3/186 (4570 words)

	Growth Factor Raises Cancer Risk
		High levels of a well-known growth factor significantly increase the risks of colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer, medical researchers have found.
		At the same time, they determined that a protein that binds to the growth factor seems to neutralize it and reduce the risk of these malignancies, which are three of the four biggest cancer killers in the United States.
		The growth factor, known as insulin-like growth factor-1, or IGF- 1, is necessary for proper growth in children, but studies of men and women more than 40 years old raise the possibility that it contributes to the growth of tumors.
	www.news.harvard.edu /gazette/1999/04.22/igf1.story.html (1261 words)

	Growth Factor-Induced Signal Transduction in Mammalian Cells is Sensitive to Gravity
		A number of studies have indicated that gravity affects mammalian cell growth and differentiation.¹,² To study the effect of variations in gravity on human cells at the molecular level, the well-characterised epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced signal transduction in A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells was used as a model system.
		EGF is a member of a family of polypeptide growth factors, involved in the control of mammalian cell growth and differentiation.
		The expression of c-fos and c-jun genes is rapidly induced by growth factors, but it can also be triggered by a variety of agents that mimic the partial activation of signal transduction pathways but bypass the EGF receptor.
	esapub.esrin.esa.it /sp/sp1206/boons.htm (1696 words)

	Fibroblast Growth Factors
		A unique family of growth factors that are secreted primarily by leukocytes (white blood cells) are called cytokines.
		Growth hormones, for example, exert their effects in the body via Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF-1).
		Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGF) is a class of small protein polypeptide chains that have specific actions on the cellular function.
	www.drlam.com /A3R_brief_in_doc_format/fibroblast_growth_factors.cfm (1247 words)

	Targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Blockade: Ascites and Pleural Effusion Formation -- Verheul et al. 5 ...
		Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors.
		The fms-like tyrosine kinase, a receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor.
		Vascular endothelial growth factor induces endothelial fenestrations in vitro.
	theoncologist.alphamedpress.org /cgi/content/full/5/suppl_1/45 (2838 words)

	IAM - Serumfree culture of endothelial Cell lines
		Fig.1: Response of large T positive cell lines to different growth factors Proliferation tests were performed in 96 well plates using the phosphatase activity as a parameter for the cell number.
		It has proven to be very usefull during purification of endothelial cell growth factors (Connolly et al., 1985).In our experiments controlls by microscopy ensured that the meassured enzyme levels reflected the actual cell numbers and not the induction of acid phospatase by growth factors.
		To compare the growth behavior of the cell lines batch cultures were performed and growth rates were calculated in the exponential growth phase.The growth rates were in the range between 0,036 and 0,015 (Table 2).
	www.boku.ac.at /iam/endo-1.html (2319 words)

	Receptors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		As we will discuss shortly in connection with the cell cycle, a cell determines whether or not it should grow from growth factors that may be present in the medium around it.
		These growth factors, sometimes termed mitogens because they induce the cell to grow and pass through mitosis, are themselves polypeptides, often 50-100 amino acids long.
		Thus, epidermal growth factor (EGF) will only bind to the EGF receptor on the surface of cells but not to the PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) receptor that may also be displayed on the cell surface.
	web.mit.edu /esgbio/www/cb/membranes/gf.html (993 words)

	IGF1 - Insulin-like growth factor 1 (somatomedin C) - Cancer GeneticsWeb
		Role of insulin-like growth factors and their binding proteins in growth control and carcinogenesis.
		Insulin-like growth factor 1 and prostate cancer risk: a population-based, case-control study.
		Insulin-like growth factor-I protects colon cancer cells from death factor-induced apoptosis by potentiating tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappaB signaling pathways.
	www.cancerindex.org /geneweb/IGF1.htm (445 words)

	Growth-factor therapy improves endothelial cell production and mobility in arterial disease
		ATLANTA-sing a growth factor to stimulate production of circulating endothelial progenitor cells increases the numbers of these vascular regenerative cells, improves mobility, and potentially could improve blood vessel function in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
		Recent studies show that when muscles do not receive enough blood, the body makes its own growth factors that stimulate the bone marrow to release endothelial progenitor cells that home to the damaged vessels and either make new blood vessels or repair the damaged ones.
		The Emory scientists hypothesized that if the body uses its own growth factors to stimulate production of endothelial progenitor cells, then endothelial dysfunction in PAD would improve if additional progenitor cells were mobilized through a boost from growth factor therapy.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2006-03/euhs-gti031006.php (456 words)

	Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Therapy in Diabetes: Physiologic Basis, Clinical Benefits, and Risks -- Kolaczynski and ...
		Regulation of binding proteins for insulin-like growth factors (IGF) in humans; increased expression of IGF binding protein 2 during IGF-1 treatment of healthy adults and in patients with extrapancreatic tumor hypoglycemia.
		Insulin-like growth factor I binding in hepatocytes from human liver, human hepatoma, and normal regenerating, and fetal rat liver.
		Insulin-like growth factor I receptors in adult rat liver: Characterization and in vivo regulation.
	www.annals.org /cgi/content/full/120/1/47 (6707 words)

	Pure IGF (Natural growth factor dietary supplement)
		Pure IGF directly supplements the growth factors that are the key to age related symptoms.
		The actions of growth factors are the restoration of normal body processes and strengthening of the body, possibly leading to mental and physical performance increases and enhancement of the immune system.
		These naturally occuring growth factors are involved in every cellular function in the human body from metabolism to the human response.
	www.pureigf.com /pureigf.htm (165 words)

	Synthetic Growth Factor Technology
		Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) refers to a family of proteins in the human body responsible for the proliferation, repair and survival of cells in many tissues, including the brain, vascular system, and muscle.
		Basic fibroblast growth factor is used clinically in Japan for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.
		We are very encouraged by the performance of these totally synthetic growth factor analogs as compared to currently available recombinant growth factors, many of which are either already approved for use or are being evaluated in end-state clinical trials for the treatment of serious disease states.
	www.bnl.gov /bnlweb/pubaf/pr/2002/bnlpr121702.htm (725 words)

	Hepatocyte Growth Factor/Scatter Factor Can Induce Angiogenesis Independently of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Synergism between vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor contributes to angiogenesis and plasma extravasation in pathological conditions.
		Hepatocyte growth factor is a potent angiogenic factor which stimulates endothelial cell motility and growth.
		Hepatocyte growth factor increases expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in human keratinocytes and the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor flk-1 in human endothelial cells.
	atvb.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/23/1/69 (3750 words)

	Insulin-like growth factor in muscle growth and its potential abuse by athletes -- Adams 34 (6): 412 -- British Journal ...
		Grimberg A, Cohen P. Role of insulin-like growth factors and their binding proteins in growth control and carcinogenesis.
		Effect of growth hormone therapy in mitigating hypoxia-induced and food restriction-induced growth retardation in the newborn rat.
		Effect of growth hormone and resistance exercise on muscle growth and strength in older men.
	bjsm.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/34/6/412 (1000 words)

	A recurrent mutation in the tyrosine kinase domain of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 causes hypochondroplasia - ...
		Mutations in the gene encoding fibroblast growth factor receptor-3 in achondroplasia.
		Jackson-Weiss and Crouzon syndromes are alleleic with mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor 2.
		Mullis, P.E., Patel, M.S., Brickell, P.M., Hindmarsh, P.C. and Brook, C.G.D. Growth characteristic and reponse to growth hormone therapy in patients with hypochondroplasia: genetic linkage of the insulin-like growth factor I gene at chromsome 12q23 to the disease in a subgroup of these patients.
	www.nature.com /doifinder/10.1038%2Fng0795-357 (767 words)

	What is the effect of epidermal growth factor on parietal cell function?
		Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor alpha (TGFa) are naturally-occurring homologous peptides which are present throughout the gastrointestinal tract [2, 3].
		In addition to the well known effects of EGF on tissue proliferation, early studies using this growth factor showed that it could inhibit acid secretion [4].
		The presence of EGF in submandibular glands and saliva, led to the hypothesis that it was a luminally-active acid-inhibitory agent.
	www.hon.ch /OESO/free/Vol_5_Eso_Junction/Articles/art257.html (511 words)

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