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Topic: Growth rates

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	Data - Growth Rates
		Rates of change from one period to the next are calculated as proportional changes from the earlier period.
		The least-squares growth rate, r, is estimated by fitting a linear regression trend line to the logarithmic annual values of the variable in the relevant period.
		The geometric growth rate is applicable to compound growth over discrete periods, such as the payment and reinvestment of interest or dividends.
	web.worldbank.org /WBSITE/EXTERNAL/DATASTATISTICS/0,,contentMDK:20452034~menuPK:64133152~pagePK:64133150~piPK:64133175~theSitePK:239419,00.html (438 words)

	Fish Growth Enhanced By Climate Change
		Changes in growth rates in some coastal and long-lived deep-ocean fish species in the south west Pacific are consistent with shifts in wind systems and water temperatures, according to new Australian research published in the United States this week.
		Growth rates of a coastal species, juvenile morwong, in the 1990s were 28.5 per cent faster than at the beginning of the period under assessment in the mid-1950s.
		Growth rates of the juveniles of the deep-water species all began decreasing well before the onset of commercial fishing.
	www.terradaily.com /reports/Fish_Growth_Enhanced_By_Climate_Change_999.html (966 words)

	• EUROCONSTRUCT • (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The highest growth rates were recorded in all Euroconstruct (EC-19) countries during the period of years 2004—2006.
		The year 2007 can be considered as the starting year of the third cycle hence the growth rates are currently decreasing and they are expected to decrease in all Euroconstruct countries except for 3 countries (Hungary, Poland and United Kingdom) in 2008.
		A decreasing output is foreseen in Italy, Belgium and Portugal.
	www.euroconstruct.org /pressinfo/pressinfo.php (680 words)

	Growth Rates Versus Levels - DataBasics - FRB Dallas
		By calculating growth rates, researchers can make comparisons between the national and regional economies—such as whether state employment is growing faster or slower than the national average.
		The growth rates are calculated using the formula above with t is equal to the current year and t – 1 is equal to the previous year.
		The growth rates in Table 3 suggest that Texas outperformed the nation in job growth during the 1990s (3 percent versus 1.8 percent).
	www.dallasfed.org /data/basics/growth.html (980 words)

	Growth theory: A Glossary of Political Economy Terms - Dr. Paul M. Johnson
		Economic growth is usually measured as the annual percentage rate of growth in one or another of the country's major national income accounting aggregates, such as Gross National Product or Gross Domestic Product (almost always with appropriate statistical adjustments to discount the potentially misleading effects of price inflation).
		There is broad support in virtually all empirical studies for a strong positive impact on economic growth by the investment rate (especially the rate of investment in plant and equipment) and by various measures of human capital (such as the literacy rate, school enrollment ratios, and average life expectancy).
		Countries that allow extremely rapid expansion of their money stocks and thus bring on high rates of inflation (about 20% per year seems to be a critical threshold) have tended to experience sharply lower economic growth rates than countries with low or moderate rates of inflation.
	www.auburn.edu /~johnspm/gloss/growth_theory (1747 words)

	SOME CONSIDERATIONS ON SIBLING COMPETITION AND AVIAN GROWTH RATES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The relationships of growth rate to adult body size and brood size were examined by an anal- ysis of covariance in which the dependent variable (Y) is the logarithm (base 10) of growth rate (K), and the independent variable or covariate (X) is the logarithm of the asymp- tote (A) of the growth curve.
		Selective mortality and growth rate.--If vari- ation in probability of survival were respon- sible for genetic differences in growth rate among species, one would expect to find con- siderable evolutionary flexibility in the length of the development period and a strong cor- relation between growth rate and selective mortality.
		This relationship between growth rate and the degree of mobility and homeothermy achieved is mediated by the balance between embryonic and differentiated function in the chick's tis- sues, particularly skeletal muscle.
	elibrary.unm.edu /sora/Auk/v099n01/p0141-p0147.html (7807 words)

	Growth Rates and Growth Periodicity of Tree Roots
		A high rate of root increment means the penetration of a large soil volume and the accessibility of water reserves in the soil which is important for most trees in maintenance of a stable water regime.
		According to Kaufman (1945), daily length growth of Pinus banksiana roots decreased from 3.2 mm (July) to 1.2 mm (August) as a consequence of the diminishing of the soil water from 11% to 2% of capacity.
		Growth periodicity is of importance in so far as the oxygen requirement during dormant or inactive periods is lower and tree roots are less sensitive.
	www.treedictionary.com /DICT2003/hardtoget/lyr (10918 words)

	Economic growth - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The modern conception of economic growth began with the critique of Mercantilism, especially by the physiocrats and with the Scottish Enlightenment thinkers such as David Hume and Adam Smith, and the foundation of the discipline of modern political economy.
		Economic growth is exponential, where the exponent is determined by the PPP annual GDP growth rate.
		The long-run path of economic growth is one of the central questions of economics; in spite of the problems of measurement, an increase in GDP of a country is generally taken as an increase in the standard of living of its inhabitants.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Economic_growth (2356 words)

	Growth rates of turfgrasses propagated vegetatively (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Daily growth rates were calculated as the logarithm of the quotient final/initial fresh weights, divided by the number of days between planting and harvest.
		Growth periods of as long as two years are used in commercial sod production; much shorter intervals were used in our studies.
		A comparison of growth rates for various durations of growth periods suggested that for zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) and St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum [Walt.] Kuntze) growth was not strictly exponential, but was sigmoidal.
	grove.ufl.edu /~turf/refs/ref9.htm (341 words)

	Growth & Composition
		The rate at which traits changed were measured for the total test period at the three respective off-test weights (90-250 lb., 90-290 lb., 90-330 lb.).
		Rates of change in body weight, backfat and loineye area for the total trial period are shown in Table 3.
		Growth Rate Differences If you have identified your pigs' genetic type, taking into consideration the diets fed to those pigs when classifying them, you may use Tables 4 through 7 to help guide you toward matching diets to your goals for growth rate, backfat and loineye size.
	nationalhogfarmer.com /mag/farming_growth_composition/index.html (1924 words)

	networkideas.org - Growth Rates under the NDA Government
		But even the growth performance claimed by the current government has been contested by critics, who claim that the most recent claims made, of more than 8 per cent growth in the current year, are because of the low economic activity in the previous year due to the drought and its effects on agricultural production.
		However, since some analysts may find the trend rate problematic given that the periods under consideration are each only of six years duration, Chart 2 provides the compound rates of growth for the same periods, based on the initial and end years.
		Growth of agricultural production was actually negative during this period, mainly because of the drought-induced collapse in production in the last year.
	www.networkideas.org /news/mar2004/news15_Growth_Rates_NDA_Gov.htm (1294 words)

	Growth Rates of Palms in Fairchild Tropical Garden
		Stem height was divided by the age of the palm to give the growth rate, expressed in cm/yr and rounded to the nearest centimeter.
		Second, these rates are taken from individual palms growing in Miami whose growth rates may not be typical.
		Growth rates are governed by the interplay of genetic factors and external factors, such as availability of light, water, nutrients, etc.; however, we are unable to determine which of these factors is the most important in explaining the tremendous variation in our data.
	www.palms.org /palmsjournal/2001/growthrate.htm (782 words)

	Population Growth Rates
		This number is commonly referred to as the growth rate and is usually expressed as a percentage.
		Hint: One way to do this is to divide the Average Rate of Change you determined for each decade by the Population at the beginning of the decade.
		Compare the growth rates you calculated for each decade from 1950 to 1990 to those estimated in the
	www.k12science.org /curriculum/popgrowthproj/activity4.html (238 words)

	Growth Rates
		Expected forward-looking or trailing growth rates are two common kinds of growth rates used for analysis purposes.
		The use of historical growth rates is one of the simplest methods of estimating future growth.
		However, historically high growth rates don't always mean a high rate of growth looking into the future, because industrial and economic conditions change constantly.
	www.investopedia.com /terms/g/growthrates.asp (336 words)

	hair biology - hair follicle growth rates
		Below is a brief table of hair growth rates defined for people of different age and by the region of the body where the growth rate analysis was made (after Myers 1951).
		Thus the long hairs of the scalp have the fastest rate of hair growth whereas the short hairs as in the eyebrow have the slowest growth rate.
		Growth rate and hair density of the human axilla.
	www.keratin.com /aa/aa011.shtml (421 words)

	The Size and Functions of Government And Economic Growth
		The reduction in GDP growth rates in the United States and in many nations around the world can be traced directly to their increases in government expenditures far in excess of the growth-maximizing level.
		Even with the expansion of the 1990s, the average growth rate during the current decade is less than half that of the 1960s, and only about two-thirds of the figure achieved during the instability of the 1970s.
		The reduction in the average growth rate of real GDP was 5.2 percentage points for OECD members with the largest expansion in size of government, compared to an average decline of 1.6 percentage points for those with the least increase in size of government.
	www.house.gov /jec/growth/function/function.htm (12340 words)

	Endogenous growth theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In economics, endogenous growth theory or new growth theory was developed in the 1980s as a response to criticism of the neo-classical growth model.
		In neoclassical growth models, the long-run rate of growth is exogenously determined.
		Subsidies on research and development or education increase the growth rate in some endogenous growth theory models by increasing the incentive to innovate.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Endogenous_growth_theory (668 words)

	«Beyond Economic Growth» Chapter IV
		Much faster population growth in most developing countries is offsetting comparatively faster GNP growth, causing GNP per capita growth rates in these countries to be low or even negative (Figure 4.1; Map 4.1).
		Rapid growth in China and India explains why more than half of the world's population lives in economies growing faster than 2 percent a year (Figure 4.3).
		In 1985-95 more than half of developing countries had negative growth rates, and four-fifths of those with positive growth rates were growing slower than high-income countries (see Map 4.1).
	www.worldbank.org /depweb/beyond/global/chapter4.html (687 words)

	Growth rates of Christianity and Islam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The growth rate of Christianity, according to the U.S. Center for World Mission, is very close to the growth rate of the world's population.
		The growth rate of Islam, according to the U.S. Center for World Mission, at 2.9% is higher than the 2.6% growth rate of the world's population.
		This is approximately equal to the growth rate of the world's population.
	www.religioustolerance.org /growth_isl_chr.htm (748 words)

	Why Do Growth Rates Differ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Traditional growth theory emphasised the role played by the accumulation of physical capital in order to explain why economies such as the United States are now so much richer than a century ago.
		The new growth models stemmed originally from the work of Paul Romer, who set out to explore the conditions under which an economy could exhibit sustainable growth even though there were no exogenous increases in productivity.
		One of the strongest empirical relationships is between the size of the financial intermediation system and the rate of growth.
	www.cepr.org /pubs/eep/eep5/WHYDOGRO.HTM (1061 words)

	Taxes and Long-Term Economic Growth
		Though the pace of economic growth is below the post-war average, the long-term slowdown in labor force growth may be part of the explanation.
		This period's annual rate of growth of private investment was much better than the 3 percent annual growth rate of investment for the period 1959-62 and the 2.3 percent annual growth rate of investment for the years, 1969-76, after the Kennedy tax reforms were repealed.
		With a marginal tax rate of 90 percent, the return on the bond, after tax, would be 1 percent.
	www.house.gov /jec/growth/longterm/longterm.htm (3835 words)

	Growth Rates to Slow as DM Sales Hit $2 Trillion in 2004: WEFA
		While total direct marketing sales in the United States are expected to exceed $2 trillion in five years, DM sales, advertising expenditures and employment growth rates are expected to slow, according to a newly updated study commissioned by the Direct Marketing Association and conducted by the WEFA Group.
		Over the next five years, DM industry employment growth is expected to grow at an annual rate of 4.2%, more than four times the overall U.S. annual employment growth rate of 1%.
		However, that figure is down slightly from the annual growth rate of 5.6% reported from 1994 to 1999.
	directmag.com /news/marketing_growth_rates_slow (670 words)

	NCPA - Study #159 - Tax Rates, Tax Revenues And Economic Growth
		The specific rates that maximize economic growth are an income tax rate of 11.9 percent, a sales tax rate of 4.6 percent and trade taxes equal to 9.4 percent.
		Although the highest income tax rate was reduced from 70 percent to 28 percent (for the wealthiest taxpayers), the share of taxes paid by the top 1 percent of income earners grew from 18 percent in 1981 to more than 27 percent in 1988.
		Because the tax rate that maximizes tax revenue exceeds the tax rate that maximizes economic growth by a large factor, governments tend to grow to levels that reduce the potential future income of their citizens.
	www.ncpa.org /studies/s159/s159.html (3900 words)

	Calculate EPS Growth Rates Using Microsoft Excel
		Microsoft Excel is a highly useful tool to investors who wish to calculate EPS growth rates over a lengthy time period.
		By calculating EPS growth rates over a period of 6 years, you develop a more insightful understanding of a company’s long term earnings per share and financial growth rates.
		Once created, visit Moneycentral to extract the EPS numbers over the past 6 years for MSFT from MSFT’s 10 year income statement, and enter the EPS data from the past 6 years under the MSFT column in Excel 2003 (or whatever version you own).
	www.investortrip.com /excel-eps-growth-rates (328 words)

	Growth Rates
		Expected forward-looking or trailing growth rates are two common kinds of growth rates used for analysis purposes.
		The use of historical growth rates is one of the simplest methods of estimating future growth.
		However, historically high growth rates don't always mean a high rate of growth looking into the future, because industrial and economic conditions change constantly.
	investopedia.com /terms/g/growthrates.asp (354 words)

	IMF sees higher rates maintaining growth - Business - International Herald Tribune
		Rodrigo Rato, managing director of the IMF, said growth in the global economy was strong and should remain near 5 percent this year and next despite monetary tightening by leading central banks.
		The direction of interest rates in Europe, the U.S. and Japan, with the signals and messages from the central banks, is upwards.
		Central bankers are concerned that faster growth would feed into wage demands and give companies more room to pass on higher raw material costs to consumers, leading to more entrenched inflation, or so-called second-round effects.
	www.iht.com /articles/2006/06/25/business/basel.php (474 words)

	The Club For Growth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Likewise, the rating also imposed penalty points for a letter opposing Social Security reform to President George Bush that was signed by 42 senators.
		Each vote or action in the rating is assigned a certain number of points depending on its relative importance.
		The Club for Growth scorecard was compiled by assigning points, based on relative importance, to votes on specific bills.
	www.clubforgrowth.org - !http: //www.clubforgrowth.org/2006/07/club_for_growth_rates_congress.php (973 words)

	Predicting Plume Growth Rates
		Predicting the rate that contaminant plumes will grow beneath oil and gasoline spill sites is an important component of evaluating the potential success of monitored natural attenuation as a remediation option.
		Reliably predicting plume growth rates can be very difficult and requires knowledge of many complex processes and factors that control the natural degradation and migration of contaminants.
		The rate that a plume grows (or shrinks, if natural processes destroy contaminants) is dependent on the contaminant concentration, how fast ground water is moving, and the abundance of other dissolved chemicals (electron acceptors) that control the flow of electrons critical to contaminant degradation.
	toxics.usgs.gov /highlights/plume_growth.html (642 words)

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