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	Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology - Fisheries and conflicts in Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The total number of fishermen operating in the bay was inferred from the mean crew number observed for each type of gear and for the number of boats landing in the same period, resulting 3,651 fishermen effectively operating in the bay.
		In the specific case of Guanabara bay, where fishing was still carried out by a great number of boats with paddles, without refrigeration systems or using only isothermic boxes for the maintenance of the fish, the issue of inputs tended to be less important.
		The bay contribution around 25% of the total State catch seemed to be unrealistic and indicated that the landings for at least part of the other localities of the State were underestimated.
	www.scielo.br /scielo.php?pid=S1516-89132006000100010&script=sci_arttext&tlng=en (4896 words)

	23
		Guanabara`s Bay is the marine door of entrance for the City of Rio de Janeiro, that grew about of her.
		The Bay of Guanabara is not an autonomous geographical accident.
		Besides needing of the sea, that renews its waters daily in an endless work, it is the body receiving end of all the liquid efluentes generated in its margins and in the basins of the 55 rivers and streams that feed her.
	www.univercidade.br /greenmaprio/lugares/bahiaen.htm (1023 words)

	* Irene's Country Corner * - Brasil - History
		In 1565, the Portuguese military Estácio de Sá was sent to the Guanabara Bay with the mission of expelling the French invaders.
		Accompanied by his army, he anchored in the Guanabara Bay and realizing that it would be impossible to fight with the French with few men, he went to São Vicente in search of reinforcements.
		After the French were expelled from the Guanabara Bay, Mem de Sá transferred the city of São Sebastião, which had been founded near the Sugar Loaf mountain, to the São Januário hill (later renamed Castelo hill).
	www.irenescorner.com /home/braziliancorner/history/history02.htm (2147 words)

	* Irene's Country Corner * - Brasil - Rio de Janeiro
		It's bounded on the east by the Guanabara Bay, on the west and north by forested mountains and on the south by a long beach area.
		On January 1, 1502, the Guanabara Bay (main entrance of Rio de Janeiro by the sea) was found.
		In 1975, both Guanabara and Rio de Janeiro states were fused and Rio de Janeiro city became the capital of the reorganized Rio de Janeiro state.
	www.irenescorner.com /home/braziliancorner/rio/index.htm (889 words)

	Islands of Rio de Janeiro
		On the west the bar is defended by the Fort of Sao Joao; in the centre by the Fort of Lage; on the east by the Fort of Santa Cruz in addition to the defence provided by forts located on the hills: Im-buhy, Floriano Peixoto and Pico.
		In that part of the bay which forms the main anchorage, the depth of water is very regular, so that vessels of greatest draught may enter freely and carry out any movement without danger of grounding.
		In former times the Carioca was a kind of sacred river of the Tamoio Indians, inhabitants of the banks of the bay, who considered its waters excellent, beneficial to the beauty of women and the voices of their singers.
	www.brazilbrazil.com /islands.html (3503 words)

	ipanema.com Rio de Janeiro Virtual Citytour: GUANABARA BAY
		One of Rio's most famous postcards is the view of the Sugarloaf and the Guanabara Bay, but this is just a small portion of it.
		The Bay is surrounded by historical attractions, dotted by islands, and the two largest cities in the State of Rio: Niteroi is just across the bridge.
		Located on the Niteroi side of the Bay, the fortress was built in the spot where Villegaignon originally set quarters, in 1555.
	www.ipanema.com /citytour/guanabay.htm (370 words)

	Oil Spill Fouls Bay at Rio's Doorstep
		The bay borders two cities - on its southwest shore is the city of Rio de Janeiro and on its southeast shore lies the city of Niterói.
		Fishing has been prohibited in the area and a survey is underway to determine how many of the 12,000 fishmen associated with the colony work in the area affected by the accident.
		The Rio de Janeiro side of Guanabara Bay was not touched by the spill.
	www.ens-newswire.com /ens/sep2005/2005-09-07-05.asp (497 words)

	CNN.com - Another Brazilian oil spill imperils Rio's beaches - July 26, 2000
		The spill was spotted on Tuesday morning at the entrance to the bay, not far from Sugar Loaf Mountain, one of Rio's principal tourist attractions.
		The slick was threatening the coastline around Sugar Loaf and beaches in Niteroi, the city directly across Guanabara Bay from Rio de Janeiro.
		Guanabara Bay was the site of Brazil's biggest spill when 1.6 million gallons (6 million liters) were dumped by a tanker in 1974.
	archives.cnn.com /2000/NATURE/07/26/brazil.spill.reut (646 words)

	Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências - Pollen record and paleoenvironment of a 4210 years B.P.old sediment in the ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The actual strongly polluted bay by industrial dejects and human waste was clean and a large number of aquatic animals persisted just the great rain in 1965/66 (unpublished data).
		Pollen grains and spores were coming from the local vegetation of the bay borders, as well as from the regional flora through the input of sediments of a large number of rivers that flowed into the Guanabara Bay and by wind transport.
		It may be concluded that, nevertheless, the natives inhabited the region of the Guanabara Bay at this time, then no significant environmental alteration by the humans (like burning and agriculture) was detected.
	www.scielo.br /scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652004000300009&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en (1169 words)

	Untitled Document
		Rio sits on the southern shore of a landlocked harbour within the magnificent natural setting of Guanabara Bay.
		The state of Rio de Janeiro, surrounding the city, is a fairly recent phenomenon, established in 1975 as a result of the amalgamation of Guanabara State and Rio city.
		Fairly small by Brazilian standards, the state is both beautiful and accessible, with easy trips either east along the Costa do Sol or west along the Costa Verde, taking in unspoilt beaches, washed by a relatively unpolluted ocean.
	www.baroni.net /claudia/city.html (383 words)

	Rio de Janeiro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Its name (Portuguese for "River of January") refers to its location near the entrance to Guanabara Bay, which appeared to be a large river estuary to early 16th-century explorers.
		The more famous landmarks of Rio are Sugarloaf Mountain, situated on a peninsula in Guanabara Bay, and the large statue called Christ the Redeemer, atop Corcovado Mountain.
		Nearby recreational areas include the islands of Guanabara Bay and the mountain glens of the Tijuca Forest.
	www.fortunecity.com /oasis/malibu/459 (784 words)

	Fortaleza de Santa Cruz, Fort Santa Cruz - South Seas Companion Place
		Fortaleza de Santa Cruz (Fort Santa Cruz) was one of three forts that guarded the entrance to Guanabara Bay in the mid-eighteenth century.
		The fort appears on several charts of Guanabara Bay sketched by Cook and members of the Endeavour expedition.
		A pencil and wash sketch of the Fort as seen from within Guanabara Bay by Sydney Parkinson is now in the British Library.
	southseas.nla.gov.au /biogs/P000106b.htm (293 words)

	Rio de Janeiro - South Seas Companion Place
		Situated on the western side of Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro has one of the finest natural harbours in the world, and today is one of the largest coastal cities in South America.
		The Portuguese first saw Guanabara Bay in January 1502, and assumed they had discovered the entrance to a large river (hence the name Rio de Janeiro).
		In 1555, French settlers arrived in the bay led by Nicholas Durand de Villegagnon, who had persuaded the French crown to establish a colony for French Protestants based on producing sugar cane and trading in Brazil Wood.
	southseas.nla.gov.au /biogs/P000071b.htm (663 words)

	Geography Of Rio
		Eventually the docks moved northward too and a separation occurred between the industrial sector to the north and the commercial sector to the south.
		The third was the removal of the port from the crowded CBD and replacing it with larger facilities further north in Guanabara Bay.
		A new airport was completed north of Rio on Governador Island and the CBD was directly connected by bridge to Niteroi to the east of the bay.
	www.macalester.edu /courses/geog61/chad/geograph.htm (1210 words)

	Urban waste endangers Rio's bay
		Already 15 percent of Guanabara Bay's surface area, or 60 square kilometers (23 square miles), has been lost to sludge, geologist Elmo da Silva Amador was quoted as saying in the newspaper O Globo.
		At this pace, a third of the bay will be erased from the map in the next 100 years, and two-thirds in 200 years.
		After five centuries the bay could fill up entirely, at which point the water's edge would be out past the legendary Sugar Loaf, the graceful outcropping which now marks the entrance of the bay from the Atlantic Ocean.
	www.terradaily.com /2005/050207082247.4yscqde9.html (660 words)

	:::: Bay Crossings :::: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		BY CHRISTINE E. The cry of a gull, the slap of a baby whale’s tail on the bay water, the sight of otters frolicking, seals swimming, cormorans in perfect flight formation, and a bevy of heavy beaked pelicans.
		For yet others it was bringing their current life to meet their past as a Bay Area family rides on their father’s hometown ferry in the Pacific Northwest.
		Whether the ferries are near or far, in Hakone, Japan, on Guanabara Bay in Rio de Janeiro, or in Ireland they have made a difference in our lives and memories.
	www.baycrossings.com /news_archive_view_next.asp?id=312&mon=6&yea=2000 (590 words)

	Rio de Janeiro
		On the east coast of Brazil, the city of Rio de Janeiro hugs the steep hillsides that meet the magnificent Guanabara Bay and Atlantic Ocean.
		Thinking they had reached the mouth of some immense river, the navigators called the bay " Rio de Janeiro " -- River of January -- in honour of the month they arrived.
		The city of Rio spreads some of itself around the 143km circumference of this awesome bay, along a narrow alluvial strip between the mountains and the Atlantic Ocean.
	web.singnet.com.sg /~tdora/RiodeJaneiro.htm (306 words)

	Harbor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The largest artificially created harbor is located in Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
		Upper New York Bay in New York Harbor, United States
		Victoria Harbour in Hong Kong, People's Republic of China (see also List of harbours in Hong Kong)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Harbor (310 words)

	ipanema.com Rio de Janeiro Virtual Citytour: FLAMENGO & GLORIA
		Together with the downtown area and the historical districts of Glória and Catete this is where you will find the highest concentration of landmarks, churches, museums and other spots of cultural interest.
		It was built in the first half of the XIX century and formerly used as official residence by the Presidents of the Republic (Pres.
		This is the largest landscape project ever in Brazil with 1,2 million square meters of land reclaimed from Guanabara Bay, in 1960.
	www.ipanema.com /citytour/flamengo.htm (479 words)

	Destination: The Natural Wonders of the World
		Portuguese explorers are believed to have been the first Europeans to see the bay in 1502 -- the area was then occupied by Tupi Indians.
		True European settlement didn't take place on the bay until more than 60 years later, when the Portuguese -- who had claimed all of the region as a colony in 1494 -- built a fort to keep French traders away from their holdings.
		Today, Rio's harbor and beaches are crowded and, in some instances, polluted, but the natural beauty of Brazil's mountains by the bay is unquestionable.
	www.cnn.com /TRAVEL/DESTINATIONS/9711/natural.wonders/rio.html (205 words)

	Guanabara Palace Hotel in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
		The Guanabara Palace Hotel is a fantastic hotel located at the central point of the financial and commercial district, close to the subway, with easy access to every point in Rio.
		From the roof terrace, guests can enjoy a wonderful view of Guanabara bay and various historical monuments.
		There, there may enjoy a dip in the swimming pool, relax in the sauna or have their favorite drink at the terrace bar.
	www.hotel-rates.com /brazil/rio-de-janeiro/guanabara-palace-hotel.html (363 words)

	Brazil Hotel - Guanabara Palace Hotel Rio de Janeiro Brazil
		The Guanabara Palace Hotel is located at the central point of the financial and commercial district, close to the subway, with easy access to every place in Rio.
		In the neighborhood of the Guanabara Palace Hotel you will find many tourist, historical and cultural attractions: theaters, museums, the Sugar Loaf, the Corcovado, Maracanã soccer stadium, the beautiful district of Santa Tereza, the Opera House and other places that worth a look or a visit.
		The Guanabara Palace Hotel is a deluxe hotel located at the central point of the financial and commercial district, close to the subway, with easy access to every point in Rio.
	www.southtravels.com /america/brazil/guanabarapalacehotel/index.html (702 words)

	Brazil - French and Dutch Incursions
		Noting that Rio de Janeiro's Guanabara Bay had not been occupied, Vice Admiral Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon, a French navigator, led a mix of Huguenots and Catholics there in 1555 to establish a colony, France Antarctique, on Ilha de Sergipe.
		That year, to ensure future control of the bay, Mem de Sá founded the city of Rio de Janeiro, which became the second royal captaincy.
		Expelled from Guanabara Bay in 1567, the French turned their efforts to the northern coast.
	countrystudies.us /brazil/7.htm (914 words)

	Planet Ark : Rio oil spill is Guanabara Bay's second biggest
		The biggest occurred under similar circumstances in January 2000, when a pipeline run by state oil giant Petrobras broke, spewing about three times as much oil into the bay, coating scores of marine birds, fish and other water creatures in oil.
		Oil slicks with ships and containment barriers around them could be seen in the picturesque bay from Rio's bayside center area and from the Rio-Niteroi bridge during the weekend.
		Petrobras, which has a history of embarrassing oil spills, was fined around $30 million for the January 2000 dumping of 340,000 gallons (1.3 million liters) of crude into Guanabara Bay through a ruptured underwater pipeline.
	www.planetark.org /dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/13442/story.htm (569 words)

	Brazil - Brazzil Magazine - Bay Wash (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		It is Guanabara Bay, the once pristine body of water where the Portuguese landed 500 years ago amid teeming herds of whales and dolphins.
		The whales disappeared in the 1700's and the dolphins in the 1960's, and the Bay, once riotous with its variety of marine life, is now a deadened ecosystem, a toxic dumping ground sullied by centuries of human carelessness and predation.
		From a distance, the Guanabara basin is still an area of stunning natural beauty, its 4,000 km2 of water ringed by beaches, vegetation and the buildings of Rio.
	www.brazzil.com /index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=6929&Itemid=73 (2830 words)

	[No title]
		At its mouth, right under Sugarloaf, the bay’s calmer waters meet the open sea to form a series of rips and currents that hold bluefish in the two to four pound range.
		If the mouth isn’t productive, the best bet is to move back into the bay and use live shrimp on a bottom fishing rig.
		Along with views of Sugarloaf, Corcovado (the mountain with the huge Christ statue), and downtown Rio, the beauty of Guanabara Bay is that you never know what kind of fish is sending that telegraphic tap-tap-tap up the line to your rod tip.
	www.finefishing.com /1saltfish/southamerica/riooverview.htm (1173 words)

	Real Estate in Brazil - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The larger metropolitan area population is estimated at 10-13 million.
		The bay where Rio de Janeiro is located (Guanabara Bay) was discovered by Europeans on January 1, 1502, by a Portuguese explorer
		Gaspar de Lemos; he named it "Rio" because he thought it was a river mouth rather than a bay.
	realestateinbrazil.com /Rio-de-Janeiro (1379 words)

	History of Rio (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The site of Rio de Janeiro was founded by Portuguese explorers as they entered Guanabara Bay on the first of January, 1502.
		Since the bay was considered the mouth of a river, the city was named in honor of the day, Rio de Janeiro, or River of January.
		French traders also settled in the Guanabara Bay area, in an attempt to gain an economic and strategic foothold in Brazil.
	www.macalester.edu /courses/GEOG61/chad/history.htm (685 words)

	Thousands of dead fish removed from Brazil's Guanabara Bay
		The waters of Guanabara Bay, which bathe part of the coasts of Rio de Janeiro, have been polluted for years and authorities currently are trying to clean up the bay for the Pan American Games' sailing competition in July.
		Biologist Gustavo Borges, who is participating in a program to clean up the bay, says that assorted problems exist "that (include) floating garbage, deforestation, irregular occupation of the coasts, dumping of sewage and petroleum and chemical pollution."
		The main aim of the program, which is also receiving support from the Japanese International Cooperation Bank, is collecting the toxic industrial residues and building plants to provide adequate treatment for the wastewater dumped into the bay.
	news.tradingcharts.com /futures/2/9/91358692.html (277 words)

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