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Topic: Guayule

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	Guayule: A Source of Natural Rubber
		Guayule is envisioned as a new or alternative crop for arid and semiarid areas of the southwestern United States, north central Mexico, and regions with similar climates around the world (Thompson and Ray 1989).
		Guayule is the dominant perennial xerophytic shrub found on the limestone bajadas and hillsides of the Chihuahuan desert of north central Mexico and the Big Bend region of Texas (West et al.
		Guayule bagasse was used to fuel the early processing plants in Mexico and unprocessed shrub was used to fuel various processes in the Mexican mining industry.
	www.hort.purdue.edu /newcrop/proceedings1993/v2-338.html (3184 words)

	Arid-land Industrial Crops
		Guayule, one of about 2000 plant species that produce rubber, has been long-recognized as a promising source of natural rubber which is essentially identical to that from the hevea rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis).
		Guayule is a small woody perennial rubber-producing shrub native to the Chihuahuan desert of north Central Mexico and southwestern Texas.
		Guayule plants also produce significant quantities of resins, which have potential uses as byproducts, and can be obtained as part of the rubber extraction process.
	www.hort.purdue.edu /newcrop/proceedings1990/V1-232.html (7582 words)

	Guayule Crop Description (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Guayule is native to the desert regions of southwestern Texas and Mexico.
		Guayule is a xerophytic perennial shrub that is a dominant element of the limestone bajadas and hillsides of the Chihuahuan Desert of southwest Texas and northern Mexico.
		Guayule is a facultative apomic and can have both sexually and asexually formed seed on the same plant.
	www.uswcl.ars.ag.gov /EPD/NewCrops/Guayule.htm (1010 words)

	Hypoallergenic Guayule Latex: Research to Commercialization (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Guayule (Parthenium argentatum, Gray, Asteraceae), a new industrial crop candidate, is a desert shrub native to the Chihuahuan desert of Texas and Mexico.
		The guayule plantings were destroyed due to the reavailability of Hevea rubber, a perhaps over-optimistic view of the utility of synthetic rubber, and international political pressure.
		However, guayule latex would be years away from successful commercialization but for the diverse and numerous successes of the scientists involved in guayule research in recent years, as described earlier.
	www.hort.purdue.edu.cob-web.org:8888 /newcrop/proceedings1996/v3-327.html (4819 words)

	Guayule - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Guayule (Parthenium argentatum), pronounced 'wa-YOO-leh', is a shrub in the genus Parthenium of the family Asteraceae, native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.
		The war ended before large-scale farming of the guayule plant began, and the project was scrapped, as it was cheaper to import tree-derived latex than to crush the shrubs for a smaller amount of latex.
		The only guayule products currently on the market are surgical gloves and catheters, but work is currently underway to produce guayule condoms as well.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Guayule (197 words)

	Carlsbad firm hopes plant will reduce latex allergies \| The San Diego Union-Tribune
		Martin thinks the ugly desert plant called guayule is a potential life-saver for thousands of people with allergies to natural latex, the material used to make surgical gloves, catheters and many other medical instruments.
		The magic is in the scrawny, woody branches of guayule, which is pronounced "why-YOU-lee." It produces a milky, off-white latex that is hypoallergenic.
		The crises always subsided before the guayule growing and the latex extraction process could be improved to a level where it could be considered the basis of a viable commercial industry.
	www.signonsandiego.com /uniontrib/20041115/news_1n15rubber.html (1553 words)

	UBEP 2000 Seventh Annual Undergraduate Research Symposium
		Although the guayule shrub appropriates a large amount of its resources to synthesizing rubber, this material has no known function, nor does it confer any apparent selective advantage to the plant.
		Guayule plant cells can produce great quantities of rubber; it is wondered how such copious amounts do not interfere with normal cell functions.
		The purification of the rubber proteins began by stripping the thick outer layer of the guayule plant's bark and root tissue.
	lifesciences.asu.edu /ubep2000/abstracts/abst9/index.htm (574 words)

	PCT Online :: News :: Boards And Resin From Guayule? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Hardy and drought resistant, guayule is native to the Chihuahuan Desert of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.
		Guayule composite board might replace many kinds of wood that today are used in floor, wall and roof construction in homes and offices.
		The guayule composite board and resin studies focus on using the brownish-white slurry that remains after guayule stems and leaves are ground up to remove their latex.
	www.pctonline.com /news/news.asp?ID=1200 (375 words)

	Guayule - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Guayule, common name for a shrubby perennial herb of the daisy family (Composite Flowers) which yields guayule rubber.
		Many commercial gums, including rubber, balata, guayule, gutta-percha, opium, and chicle, are products made from refined latex.
		Guayule, a plant of semi-arid lands, has been exploited as a source of a form of rubber; interest in this crop has been renewed in recent years....
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Guayule.html (111 words)

	Speciality crops at MAC - guayule (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Guayule latex is unlikely to cause widespread sensitization associated with Hevea latex and is safe for people with latex allergies.
		For example, the recent study showed the guayule fibers to contain a type of natural pesticide to termites and, in addition, to be anti-fungal.
		If guayule becomes a viable economic crop for Arizona agriculture and the acreage expands as anticipated then the research information and technology produced here at MAC will have been the major contributor to that success.
	ag.arizona.edu /aes/mac/guayule.htm (268 words)

	Article - Effort to develop guayule advances.
		It was determined that the latex produced by guayule was non-allergenic, and researchers began taking another look at the alternative rubber source.
		To that end, guayule seedlings have been raised for the last two years at Southwest Transplant for planting in fields to produce seed.
		Other potential uses for guayule byproducts are a termite-resistant particle board and fiberglass insulation.
	www.yulex.com /news/effort.html (758 words)

	Rubber research set to curb life-threatening allergies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Guayule also has the potential to be much cheaper to produce than synthetic alternatives which are based on petroleum products.
		"Guayule is a semi-arid plant with the potential to become a commercial crop in Australia," Dr George said.
		Guayule is a perennial crop native to Texas and Mexico.
	www.news-medical.net /?id=17301 (472 words)

	Guayule: Promising Alternative For Latex Allergy Sufferers
		Guayule is a desert shrub from the southwest United States that seems to be proving itself as an acceptable alternative to the allergenic rubber latex currently used in the U.S. The allergenic latex comes from the Brazilian rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis), which is grown primarily in Malaysia.
		The other good news is that guayule has not caused allergic reactions in human trials, including in people with a pre-existing Type I latex allergy.
		Guayule latex has the potential to be used in over 300 different medical items.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/latex_allergy/85725 (537 words)

	High Hopes of a Would-Be Rubber Baron
		It has 1,000 acres of guayule in the ground in the Southwest, and plans to have at least tripled that by the end of 2006.
		Guayule has another strong advantage: It doesn't cause a reaction in people allergic to latex from the rubber tree.
		Guayule rubber, in fact, has been a known quantity for about a century, without ever sprouting into a sustainable success story.
	www.businessweek.com /technology/content/dec2005/tc20051227_469003.htm (1601 words)

	Summary of report: Evaluating New Guayule Varieties for Low-Allergenic Rubber Production
		Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) is a semi-arid plant that produces high quality natural rubber and low-allergenic latex with the potential to become commercial crop.
		Dormancy and germination of guayule seed depend upon the corresponding shift in the threshold levels of growth promoters and inhibitors.
		Greater understanding of guayule seed dormancy has been achieved especially in relation to the effect of the embryo (germination inhibitor) and seed coat which is both a mechanical barrier to radicle emergence and a location for germination inhibitor.
	www.rirdc.gov.au /reports/NPP/05-147sum.html (1642 words)

	Rubber & Chicle Photos
		Guayule is a potentially good source of natural rubber, and has been grown on large plantations in arid desert regions.
		Guayule belongs to the sunflower family (Asteraceae), while Hevea belongs to the euphorbia family (Euphorbiaceae).
		Because of the great demand for natural rubber to this day, guayule is considered by some authorities to be a good alternative source of the valuable latex.
	waynesword.palomar.edu /ecoph13.htm (3057 words)

	A New Breeding Method for Guayule - an Apomictic Crop. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) is a perennial shrub native to the Chihuahuan Desert.
		The objective of this study is to evaluate the possibility of utilizing the pedigreed natural crossing method as a breeding method in guayule.
		Preliminary studies indicate that utilizing the pedigreed natural crossing method or modifications of this method in guayule is feasible.
	crops.confex.com /crops/2005am/techprogram/P6793.HTM (292 words)

	TIME.com: The Why of Guayule -- Dec. 29, 1941 -- Page 1
		The Department of Agriculture okayed a $25,000,000 project to plant 45,000 acres in the Southwest with guayule (wa-yu-ley), a tough, sagebrush-like plant containing 20-22% pure rubber.
		Guayule rubber is not new; Intercontinental Rubber Co. has been producing and selling it for 35 years.
		Since an acre of guayule yields about 2,000 lb.of rubber, the new 45,000-acre scheme can produce a total of 40,000 long tons of rubber.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,772964,00.html (616 words)

	News: Yulex Corporation and USDA Partner to Increase Guayule Rubber Yields. Genetic Engineering News - Biotechnology ...
		A desert plant, guayule is a promising, new industrial crop that requires less water than other industrial crops and has multiple economic uses making it attractive to farmers in the arid U.S. southwest.
		Applying cellulosic conversion technology, guayule biomass can provide alternative energy as an ethanol feedstock and bioadhesives for an extended range of non-toxic applications.
		Yulex is currently marketing its high-performing natural rubber latex material to medical device manufacturers internationally in order to provide needed alternative products for the 10% of healthcare workers, 73% of spina bifida children and 6% of the general population that suffer from Type I latex allergy.
	www.genengnews.com /news/bnitem.aspx?name=7944529 (430 words)

	Desert Plant May Put Spring in Natural Rubber Production
		Drought-tolerant and insect resistant, guayule is a yellow-flowered, silvery-leaved shrub that resembles sagebrush, he said.
		Many scientists agree that the budding guayule industry may finally be moving toward sufficient yields to meet domestic demand for commercial latex.
		The seed is fragile and small, and because guayule is a native desert plant, it has a natural dormancy defense that demands near perfect growing conditions before it will germinate.
	www.cahe.nmsu.edu /news/2002/1.2.02_guayule.html (1037 words)

	The Major Protein of Guayule Rubber Particles Is a Cytochrome P450 -- Pan et al. 270 (15): 8487 -- Journal of ...
		Guayule plants accumulate large quantities of rubber within parenchyma cells of their stembark tissues.
		It comprises approximately 50% of the protein in guayule particles and has been implicated as a rubber transferase (12), the enzyme that catalyzes the polymerization of thousands of isoprenes into molecules of rubber (1, 2).
		Guayule can accumulate extraordinarily large numbers of rubber particles (8, 9, 15), and it suggests that this particular P450 may have important functions in this species.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/270/15/8487 (5733 words)

	Colorado State Leads Researchers On Quest To Produce Rubber From Sunflowers, Guayule Bush
		Colorado State University is leading a team of researchers who plan to develop sunflowers into a rubber-producing crop, alleviating the harvest of rubber trees in Southeast Asia and Brazil - currently the only natural source of rubber in the world.
		Guayule naturally produces high quality rubber, but more research is needed to make it a more profitable crop.
		Members of the public who are looking for more information should contact their local Cooperative Extension office, usually listed in the county government section of the local phone book.
	www.ext.colostate.edu /news/020221.html (607 words)

	ASPB - Public Affairs - Plant Research Briefing Papers - Plant Physiologist's Research Facilitates Development of ...
		Guayule, a shrub that yields high-quality, hypoallergenic natural latex, is now easier to genetically engineer, thanks to Agricultural Research Service scientists.
		Native to Texas, guayule (pronounced why-YOU-lee) can be processed to yield a milky latex that is free of allergens that can cause severe reactions including anaphylactic shock.
		Their work opens the way to giving tomorrow's guayule new genes that could boost production of latex, or enhance resistance to a root rot that can attack this otherwise disease-resistant shrub.
	www.aspb.org /publicaffairs/briefing/latex.cfm (291 words)

	Article - Guayule finds a niche. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Government scientists got farther with their World War II cultivation of guayule, a desert shrub native to the Southwest, only to see their hard work disked under when Uncle Sam decided to support synthetic rubber instead.
		A 1980s joint effort on guayule between the Department of Agriculture, the Defense Department and Arizona's Gila River Indian Community fell victim to infighting and unrealistic hopes.
		Yulex Corporation, licensee of the USDA's guayule technology, is poised to plant 5,000 acres with the shrub-a multiple of at least 10 over the current U.S. acreage.
	www.yulex.com /news/niche.html (313 words)

	Desert Diary, 12 July 2002--Guayule (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Which brings us to the subject of Guayule, a native plant of the Chihuahuan Desert which produces latex that is a perfectly good substitute and which doesn't affect those sensitive to Hevea.
		Guayule is a member of the sunflower family, and its stems may contain from 1 to 10% latex.
		All failed for one reason or another, but in light of the epidemic of allergies, current efforts may yet result in fields of Guayule in our Southwestern desert.
	museum.utep.edu /archive/plants/DDguayule.htm (244 words)

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