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	European Space Agency - LearnThis.Info Enclyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The European Space Agency (ESA) is an inter-governmental organization dedicated to exploration of space and its exploitation.
		ESA's spaceport (its launch site) is the Guiana space center in Kourou, French Guiana, a site chosen because it is close to the equator, thereby allowing easier (less fuel for a given mass) access to commercially important orbits such as GEO.
		The precursor of the European Space Agency, ESRO (European Space Research Organization) was established on March 20, 1964 per an agreement signed on June 14, 1962.
	encyclopedia.learnthis.info /e/eu/european_space_agency.html (776 words)

	Centre Spatial Guyanais - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ariane 5 and Envisat on their way to the launch pad at the Guiana Space Center
		The European Space Agency, the French space agency CNES as well as the commercial Arianespace company launch their satellites from Kourou.
		Kourou is located approximately 500 km north of the equator, at a latitude of 5°3'.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Centre_Spatial_Guyanais (372 words)

	MSL: Glossary
		The Japanese launch center, Kagoshima, is located at 31.3 deg N, 131 deg E on the east coast of the Ohsumi peninsula.
		The Japanese launch center, Tanegashima, is located at 30.2 deg N, 130.9 deg E on the island of Tanegashima.
		Space stations are large orbiting structures designed to support manned operations for extended periods of time (months to years).
	leonardo.jpl.nasa.gov /msl/glossary.html (2429 words)

	Return To The Equator
		EQUATOR-S was launched from the Guiana Space Center on 2 December 1997 on an Ariane 4.
		The launch opportunity, to which the European Space Agency (ESA) had invited MPE, was cheap, and the five battery powered spacecraft, built by MPE and three other laboratories in the USA, Canada and United Kingdom, were relatively cheap as well.
		After several unsuccessful attempts of other space agencies to revive this mission, Professor Gerhard Haerendel, director at MPE and head of the group of MPE that had built the Firewheel and AMPTE IRM spacecraft, conceived the idea to build with this group a small version of the EQUATOR, the EQUATOR-S spacecraft.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/1997-12/M-RTTE-101297.php (823 words)

	AllRefer.com - European Space Agency (Space Exploration) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The European Space Research and Technology Center (ESTEC), located at Noordwijk, the Netherlands, is the primary research center and manages the satellite projects.
		The European Astronaut Center (EAC), located at Cologne, Germany, is responsible for the selection and training of astronauts for space station missions.
		The foundation of ESA was laid with the formation of the European Space Research Organization (ESRO) in 1962 and of the European Launcher Development Organization (ELDO) in 1964.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/E/EurpnSpac.html (563 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Ariane Launch Report \| Mission Status Center
		The Envisat environmental monitoring satellite was successfully delivered into orbit this evening from the Guiana Space Center in South America, marking the return of Europe's Ariane 5 rocket some seven months after a botched flight that grounded the heavy-lift booster.
		Officials report the weather is favorable for launch from the Guiana Space Center in Kourou, French Guiana on South America's northeastern coastline.
		Envisat was transported to the fueling center at the Guiana Space Center on February 5.
	www.spaceflightnow.com /ariane/v145/status.html (3238 words)

	HobbySpace - Spaceporting - Part II World Spaceports (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		With the creation in the early 1970's of the ESA, European Space Agency, and the development of the Ariane rockets, the Guiana Space Center near Kourou, French Guiana, became the primary launch facility for European payloads to orbital and deep space missions (see the Kourou history).
		NASDA (National Space Development Agency of Japan) is responsible for practical applications of space, e.g.
		ISAS (Agency for Space and Aeronautical Research) is a university based group that concentrates on scientific research.
	www.hobbyspace.com /SpacePorts/spaceports2.html (1922 words)

	[No title]
		The Ariane-5 Launch Facilities The Ariane-5 Launch Facilities J. De Dalmau ESA Office, Guiana Space Center, Kourou, French Guiana P. Perez Launchers Directorate, CNES, Evry, France New ground facilities dedicated to the launching of the Ariane-5 vehicle are now under construction at the Guiana Space Centre, Europe's spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana.
		The main criteria for the evolution have been: to increase the launch rateto reduce vulnerability to a launcher accident on the launch pad or at lift-offto optimise the operational activitiesto adapt the facilities to Ariane launch vehicle changesto exploit the experience acquired during previous developments.
		An Ariane launch campaign in Guiana includes all operations from he arrival of elements (stages, vehicle equipment bay, fairing, spacecraft, etc.) until the launch vehicle is ready for lift-off, and ends with the actual launch and the orbiting of the spacecraft.
	esapub.esrin.esa.it /bulletin/bullet79/ft/dalmau79.htm_ft (4503 words)

	Payload Processing
		The Kennedy Space Center located at Cape Canaveral, Florida is the launch center for the U.S. Space Shuttle.
		The Guiana Space Center located in Kourou, French Guiana in South America is the launch center for the European Ariane 5 rocket.
		The Tanegashime Space Center located in Tanegashime, Japan is the launch center for the H-IIA Rocket.
	stationpayloads.jsc.nasa.gov /H-payloadprocess (112 words)

	News From France
		French Guiana, a department of France on the mainland of South America, is home to the Guiana Space Center, one of France’s main aeronautic sites in the world.
		While the center was inaugurated in the 1960s with the launch of the Véronique probe-rocket, the center is now fully focused on the Ariane rocket program.
		While it is an important technological center for France, and indeed for Europe as a whole, the space center at Kourou also serves as an important financial factor in the French Guianese economy.
	www.info-france-usa.org /publi/nff/0210/reg.htm (878 words)

	Ariane and CSG (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		A space launch cannot and will never be guaranteed at a given date or during a given period of time.
		CSG guided visits (in french and english, other european languages on request) are possible all working days, except the day before, the day of and the day after a launch (except special authorization depending on the nature of a group).
		It is the place where you can "put the finger" on real space equipements and get (on the bilingual pannels) explanations on the reasons and means of space conquest.
	www.espace-amazonie.com /arianeAng.htm (536 words)

	IADC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		CNES is a public establishment with an industrial and commercial profile, in charge of the development of French space activities.
		In the field of space debris, CNES activities cover 3 main areas: technical studies, mitigation measures and international cooperation.
		Technical studies: the objectives of the technical studies are to obtain a better knowledge of the environment through ground or space-based measurements, to study materials and techniques limiting the production of debris and to develop the required software tools.
	www.iadc-online.org /members/about_cnes.shtml (507 words)

	Space Transportation News of December 2002
		Despite the December 11 failure, the launch campaign for the next Ariane 5 flight (V158) is proceeding on schedule at the Guiana Space Center in Kourou.
		The leaders of NASA, the European Space Agency, the Canadian Space Agency, the National Space Development Agency of Japan and Rosaviakosmos have agreed to improve the crew return capability of the International Space Station in order to maximize the orbital outpost use for science purpose by 2006/2007.
		The regional council of French Guiana refuses to invest as much as €60 million to support 20% of the budget to build a launch pad for Russian Soyuz launch vehicles within the Guiana Space Center in Kourou.
	www.orbireport.com /News2002-12.html (3895 words)

	Cnes - CNES-Esa agreement on launcher Soyuz at the CSG
		While the alteration work is going on at the Guiana Space Center, French space agency CNES and Esa signed an agreement on the setting up programme.
		Having the Russian launcher Soyuz at the Guiana Space Center is an unprecedented event in the cooperation between Europe and Russia in the launcher’s sector.
		The Guiana Space Center’s location, close to the equator, is a very favourable factor for satellites launching.
	www.cnes.fr /html/_455_463_1545_3830_.php (346 words)

	Russian, European Space Agencies Sign Cooperation Agreement on Carrier Rockets - NEWS - MOSNEWS.COM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The head of the Russian agency, Anatoly Perminov, was quoted by RIA Novosti as saying the agreement signed on Wednesday in Moscow was prepared over a long period of time with the participation of all Russia’s ministries and agencies.
		Russia and Europe are going to develop new types of carrier rockets and establish the launch of Russian Soyuz-ST rockets from the Kourou space center in French Guiana.
		ESA officials are about to finish the construction of the launch complex at the Guiana space center, director general of the space agency, Jean Jacques Dordain, was quoted by RIA Novosti as saying.
	www.mosnews.com /news/2005/01/19/spaceagreement.shtml (714 words)

	Esa Industry Portal - Kourou - Job Opportunities for Europeans at the Guiana Space Center
		More than 30 European companies, from different ESA member States, are present at the CSG (Guiana Space Center), working either on the launcher development and production activities or on the Investments and M&O activities of the launch base.
		In parallel to this, CNES (French Space Agency)has initiated, some years ago, a programme of recruitment of European staff to work at CNES/CSG, in French Guiana.
		A basic condition for their recruitment is that their mother companies/organisations must commit themselves to reintegrate them back, at the end of the period.
	www.esa.int /home-ind/ESA-Article-fullArticle_par-16_1038394659542.html (210 words)

	Worldworx Travel - Safety - Americas - French Guiana
		French Guiana is an overseas department of France.
		Kourou is home to the Guiana Space Center, from which Ariane rockets are launched.
		The information below concerning French Guiana is provided for general reference only, and may not be totally accurate in a particular location or circumstance.
	www.worldworx.tv /safety/americas/french-guiana (572 words)

	Kourou
		In the dimly lit Guiana Space Center control room 14 kilometers away, Claude Berna, the lanky, youthful Arianespace mission director for this launch, sits in front of three large projection screens filled with diagrams showing launch status.
		The future space base consisted of 96,000 hectares of inhospitable savannah and jungle, stretching almost 50 kilometers up the coast and 20 kilometers inland.
		By 1968 the Center's first launch pad and its clutch of administrative and technical buildings were in place north-west of town.
	www.geocities.com /harriss75007/kourou.htm (1582 words)

	main spaceport (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		While access to the Spaceport is limited due to operational and safety considerations, it is possible for the public to experience the excitement of an Ariane liftoff and see firsthand how the Guiana Space Center operates.
		Requests should be addressed to the CNES national space agency's Public Relations Department.
		Located on the public side of the Guiana Space Center's technical area, the Space Museum is the Spaceport's most accessible site.
	www.arianespace.com /site/spaceport/sub_spaceport_public.html (347 words)

	SPACE.com -- New Skies Satellite Orbited by 150th Ariane Rocket
		The New Skies Satellite (NSS-7) is prepared for launch at the Guiana Space Center.
		CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- The 150th Ariane rocket launched from the Guiana Space Center on Tuesday carrying the first Dutch commercial communications satellite.
		Astrosociology is the study of astrosocial phenomena (social/cultural patterns related to space), a multidisciplinary field open to all scientists and engineers interested in "space and society" issues.
	www.space.com /missionlaunches/ariane4_launch_020416.html (592 words)

	Press Release (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The satellites will be delivered into orbit by Ariane and Soyuz launchers from the Guiana Space Center in Kourou, French Guiana.
		Optus D1 will be lofted by an Ariane 5 launcher at the end of 2005, while Optus D2 will be launched by the first Soyuz to lift off from the Guiana Space Center in 2007.
		This contract is a major landmark in Arianespace's strategy to offer comprehensive launch services solutions, using both Ariane and Soyuz in French Guiana, as well as the Launch Services Alliance that the company has established with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Boeing Launch Services.
	www.arianespace.com /site/news/releases/presrel04_5_12.html (314 words)

	[No title]
		In this phase, operations with both the satellite payload and the launch vehicle began to merge in preparation for their final integration.
		This action took place inside the S5A hall of the Guiana Space Center's massive new S5 satellite preparation building – which was specially built for Arianespace customers.
		Envisat is a key element of the European Space Agency’s plans for the next decade to monitor Earth’s environment.
	www.satnews.com /stories2/3feb2002-8.html (542 words)

	CNN.com - French Guiana space center axes 400 jobs - Mar. 10, 2003
		The French space center here is cutting about 400 jobs, one-fourth of its workforce, as it faces a decreased demand for commercial satellite launches, a top official said Monday.
		The European space program has faced additional troubles since an Ariane-5 rocket veered off course after liftoff December 11, forcing ground control to destroy it.
		The space program is the predominant economic force in French Guiana, currently employing about 1,600 people and generating spin-off jobs for thousands of others.
	edition.cnn.com /2003/TECH/space/03/10/guiana.space.ap (222 words)

	Arianespace Continues Commercial Consolidation In 2004
		For the future operations of Soyuz from the Guiana Space Center, construction activities on the new launch site moved into full swing in 2004.
		As of January 4, 2005, Arianespace's backlog stands at 40 satellites to be launched (35 for Ariane 5 — of which nine are with the ATV resupply spacecraft for the International Space Station; 3 Soyuz missions from the Guiana Space Center, and 2 Soyuz flights from Baikonur Cosmodrome).
		This launch is part of the Guiana Space Center (CSG) Soyuz program and will be executed under the responsibility of Arianespace.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/ariane-05a.html (1060 words)

	2005 Population Figures for Kourou, French Guiana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Attractions include the European Space Center at Kourou and the infamous "Devil's Island...
		IS, GALA PORT LAGUERRE, NOUC KERGUELEN IS, KERG KOUROU, FR GUIANA...
		French Guiana became an overseas dÃ©partements of France on March 19, 1946.
	travel.synabu.com /cities/K/Kourou,_French_Guiana.html (790 words)

	CSG Kourou (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The sounding rockets launch unit (three pads for solid-rockets and one for liquid-rockets) was completed in 1968, the Diamant unit in 1969 and the Europa II unit in 1971.
		The space center was then put in cocoon while waiting for the starting up of the new European launcher Ariane.
		After three qualification launches (two Eridan and a Dauphin) in 1978-79, the space center was declared operational and could carry out the first Ariane launch in December 1979.
	www.univ-perp.fr /fuseurop/kourou_e.htm (599 words)

	Your Daily Briefing Of Satellite
		The satellite will be orbited in 2007 by an Ariane 5 from the Guiana Space Center, Europe's Spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana.
		The Star One C2 satellite is being built by Alcatel Space at its Cannes and Toulouse facilities using a Spacebus 3000B3 platform.
		Arianespace CEO Jean-Yves Le Gall said with the contract, Arianespace now has a backlog of 40 spacecraft to be launched: 35 on Ariane 5 (including nine ATV missions to the International Space Station), three with Soyuz at the Guiana Space Center and two for Soyuz from Baikonur.
	www.satnews.com /stories2005/224.htm (301 words)

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