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| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Order of Preachers |
 | | The first took place at the University of Paris, led by William of Saint-Amour (1252-59), and was complicated by a scholastic question. |
| | The strife broke out anew in the north of France after the privilege of Martin IV, "Ad fructus uberes" (13 Dec., 1281), and lasted until the Council of Paris in 1290. |
| | The Preachers exercised a special influence over the piously inclined of both sexes among the masses, so numerous in the Middle Ages, and they induced to penance and continence a great many people living in the world, who were commonly called Beguins, and who lived either alone or in more or less populous communities. |
| www.newadvent.org /cathen/12354c.htm (18372 words) |
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