Gum printing - Factbites

Gum printing - Factbites
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Topic: Gum printing

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	usa1961
		Designer: - ; Printer: Bureau of Printing and Engraving; Type: - ; Size: - ; Arrangement: ; Paper: - ; Perforation: 11; Watermark: - ; Gum: - ; Color and Printing Method: Engraved; Quantity: - ; Tagging: - ; Marginal Markings:
		Designer: - ; Printer: Bureau of Printing and Engraving; Type: - ; Size: - ; Arrangement: ; Paper: - ; Perforation: 10.5x11; Watermark: - ; Gum: - ; Color and Printing Method: Engraved; Quantity: - ; Tagging: - ; Marginal Markings:
		Designer: - ; Printer: Bureau of Printing and Engraving; Type: - ; Size: - ; Arrangement: ; Paper: - ; Perforation: ; Watermark: - ; Gum: - ; Color and Printing Method: Engraved; Quantity: - ; Tagging: - ; Marginal Markings:
	www.philately.com /philately/usa_1961.htm (8065 words)

	Postage stamp gum
		Originally, gumming took place after printing and before perforation, usually because the paper had to be damp for printing to work well, but in modern times most stamp printing is done dry on pregummed paper.
		The gum is universally spread as uniformly as possible, but a 1946 local issue by the town of Finsterwalde in Germany used an economy process where the back of the stamp had a regular pattern of circular bare patches.
		Other reasons have included lack of access to gum (the typewritten "Cowries" of 1895 Uganda), extreme tropical climate (1873 Curacao and Suriname), and intent to sell only to collectors (as with the US "Farley's Follies" souvenir sheets of 1933).
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/postage_stamp_gum (719 words)

	Postage stamp gum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		perforation, usually because the paper had to be damp for printing to work well, but in modern times most stamp printing is done dry on pregummed paper.
		Nevertheless, many collectors of unused stamps want copies that are "mint" or "post office fresh", which means that the gum must be pristine and intact, and they will pay a premium for these.
		The greatest manufacturing problem of the gumming process is its tendency to make the stamps curl, due to the different reaction of paper and gum to varying moisture levels.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Stamp_gum (719 words)

	US Sanctions Against the Sudan
		Gum arabic is also used in the newspaper and magazine printing process, allowing ink to better stick to the paper while keeping it from smearing, as well as protecting the printing plates from oxidation.
		Gum arabic's applications are wide spread, some typical applications are acting as an emulsifier, flavoring agent, and thickener in both food and pharmaceuticals.
		Although gum arabic is a little known substance to a majority of the American public, it affects almost everyone's daily lives.
	www.american.edu /projects/mandala/TED/gumarab.htm (1780 words)

	GUM - LoveToKnow Article on GUM
		Gum tragacanth is used in calico-printing as a thickener of colors and mordants; in medicine as a demulcent and vehicle for insoluble powders, and as an excipient in pills; and for setting and mending beetles and other insect specimens.
		Gum arabic is not precipitated from solution by alum, stannous chloride, sulphate or nitrate of copper, or neutral lead acetate; with basic lead acetate it forms a white jelly, with ferric chloride it yields a stiff clear gelatinoid mass, and its solutions are also precipitated by borax.
		The acacias and the Rosaceae yield their gums most abundantly when sickly and in an abnormal state, caused by a fulness of sap in the young tissues, whereby the new cells are softened and finally disorganized; the cavities thus formed fill with liquid, which exudes, dries and constitutes the gum.
	83.1911encyclopedia.org /G/GU/GUM.htm (1440 words)

	Viewing Japanese Prints: "Quality and Grading"
		Printing metallics and minerals from woodblocks was difficult because when metal powders and minerals such as mica and 'gofun' were mixed on a block with glue, paste, gum Arabic, or other sizing, they tended to stick to the block during printing and did not transfer uniformly to the paper.
		Printing the Design: Nearly all printmaking colorants were applied with a brush directly to the color blocks, and then a small quantity of a binding agent made from water-dispersible rice flour paste ('himenori') was mixed with the pigment already on the block to thicken the pigment and facilitate control and rubbing into the paper.
		This brief discussion introduces the traditional method of printing ukiyo-e prints from woodblocks.
	optometry.berkeley.edu /~fiorillo/texts/topictexts/faq/faq_making_a_print.html (1890 words)

	gum, Arabic, carrier, frozen, adhesive, surfactant
		Gum Arabic can be added to the painting formula to fix the pigment in the fabric, thus saving printing costs.
		Gum arabic's water solubility, low viscosity, and adhesiveness gives it value as a glaze for buns to provide gloss and flexibility and also makes it useful as a component in toppings and icing bases and in applications where its emulsifying power is important.
		Gum arabic imparts the lowest viscosity to water of then normal, unhydrolyzed industrial gums, A comparison of its solution viscosity with tragacacanth karaya, ghatti, and corn fiber gums is shown in figure 1.
	www.jumbo.th.com /application.html (1954 words)

	Combination printing
		There was a convention at the turn of the century to use gum printing to overlay images on to platinum or cyanotypes.
		Salt prints, platinum, kallitype and carbon can be used as a straight substitute for modern silver gelatin printing.
		You must bear in mind that when you print one process over an existing image, the negative must be superimposed exactly on top of the original print when making the second exposure.
	www.silverprint.co.uk /info/sos31.html (1954 words)

	The Detection of Regummed and Reperforated Stamps
		Another clue to look for with stamps printed by a rotary press process (rather than flat plate printing) is that the original gum stamp will usually possess vertical gum ridges, whereas the regummed stamp will have smooth gum with no ridges.
		With an original gum stamp a watermark is normally visible only by dipping the stamp in a watermark tray using watermark fluid, or by holding the stamp up to a strong light.
		Also, holes created by the rotary perforating wheel were in the shape of an ellipse or oval rather than a perfect circle.
	www.crotonstamp.com /regum.htm (1954 words)

	PSE Summary of Stamp Grading Standards
		The perforated stamps produced by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing in the decade from 1895 to about 1905 often have one or more horizontal and/or vertical rows of perforation imprints on the gum.
		Gum bends, creases and wrinkles are all in the same family being commonly used terms for increasingly severe distortions of the gum and paper.
		Gum wrinkles are in the same family, but they are slightly different than gum bends or creases.
	www.psestamp.com /appendix.chtml (1954 words)

	Guar Gum
		Guar gum has almost 8 times the thickening power as cornstarch, and is used in dressings, sauces, milk products, and baking mixes.
		They are also used as a livestock feed, and for producing a guar gum, which is used as a thickener and emulsifier in commercial food processing.
		Guar gum creates a spongier texture (like in cakes) than xanthan gum which produces a stretchier texture (best for breads).
	www.barryfarm.com /nutri_info/thickeners/guar.htm (149 words)

	AlternativePhotography.com : the gum bichromate process
		When printing several colours in sequence and using the same negative, use Opaque Red to mask off areas on the negative that you wish not to print with the next colour.Make sure that you paint this on the film base not the emulsion side of your negative.
		The Gum Bichromate print is different than the other processes in that the sensitive emulsion offers a base that a dye or water pigment can be added to produce any colour print the maker requires.
		For a photographic rendition, use a soft blending brush to finish the application.
	www.alternativephotography.com /process_gumbichromate.html (764 words)

	Acacia senegal
		Tree yields commercial gum arabic, used extensively in pharmaceutical preparations, inks, pottery pigments, water-colors, wax polishes, and liquid gum; for dressing fabrics, giving lustre to silk and crepe; for thickening colors and mordants in calico-printing; in confections and sweetmeats.
		Gum arabic is oderless with a bland taste, yellowish and some tears are vermiform in shape.
		Gum exudes froin cracks in bark of wild trees, mostly in the dry season, with little or none in the rainy season when flowers are out.
	www.hort.purdue.edu /newcrop/duke_energy/Acacia_senegal.html (1238 words)

	Sudan War Impacts Availability of Gum Arabic, A Key Ingredient for Many Commercial Products
		Gums are used in pill manufacturing for coating and binding, as an emulsifier in processed foods, as a thickener in sauces, in creating various cosmetics, in the lithographic printing processes,
		Gum arabic is a colorless, tasteless, cold water-soluble, polysaccharide.
		A gum is defined as “an adhesive substance of vegetable origin, mostly obtained as exudate from the bark of trees or shrubs belonging to the pea family”
	www.herbalgram.org /herbalgram/articleview.asp?a=2770 (1891 words)

	Urban Legends Reference Pages: Rumors of War (Buy Gum!)
		American industries that utilize gum arabic from Sudan — confectionery, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals dietary fiber, printing and some citrus-based soft drinks — obtain the final form of the product from domestic importers under the licensed approval of the U.S. State Department.
		Gum arabic is a resin that is used as an emulsifier in soft drinks, a thickener in candies and jellies, a binder in special-purpose inks and drugs, even a foam stabilizer in beer.
		Gum Arabic is known to be in some Softdrinks and many other food items.
	www.snopes.com /rumors/arabic.htm (491 words)

	Guar gum food textile printing mining water treatment oil drilling tobacco industries explosives India
		Guar Gum is generally used as an excellent and reasonable stabilizer as well as gelling agent in many aqueous systems.
		In this field Guar Gum is used as an excellent binder of water and a stabilizer.
		Several studies have found significant decrease in cholesterol levels after administration of Guar Gum in human consumption.
	www.altrafine.com /applications.htm (241 words)

	Sudan War Impacts Availability of Gum Arabic, A Key Ingredient for Many Commercial Products
		Gums are used in pill manufacturing for coating and binding, as an emulsifier in processed foods, as a thickener in sauces, in creating various cosmetics, in the lithographic printing processes,
		A gum is defined as “an adhesive substance of vegetable origin, mostly obtained as exudate from the bark of trees or shrubs belonging to the pea family”
		Gum arabic is a colorless, tasteless, cold water-soluble, polysaccharide.
	www.herbalgram.org /herbalgram/articleview.asp?a=2770 (241 words)

	Bostick & Sullivan alternative photo and platinum palladium printing supplies - kits (van dyke, kallitype, cyanotype, gum arabic)
		Sennellier colors contain no additives that hinder the gum printing process.
		This kit is designed to compliment Stephen Livick's excellent Gum Printing manual.
		Gum can also be applied over platinum and palladium prints for color control, and to add gloss and depth.
	www.bostick-sullivan.com /main/alt_kits_page.htm (821 words)

	Gum Diseases -- Recommendations and Resources
		Gum arabic is a complex mixture of saccharides and glycoproteins, which gives it one of its most useful properties: it is perfectly edible.
		Guar gum is a cold water soluble polysaccharide, consisting of mannose and galactose units.
		The largest market for guar gum (EU food additive code E412) is in the food industry, where guar gum is used as a thickener and binder of free water in sauces, salad dressings, ice creams, instant noodles, pet foods, processed meats, bread improvers and beverages to name some.
	www.becomingapediatrician.com /health/64/gum-diseases.html (627 words)

	Capricorn Excel Printing Plates from KPG
		Before baking, the non-image areas must be protected by a baking gum such as Kodak Polychrome Graphics Ultratherm, which is supplied in readyto-use form or Kodak Polychrome Graphics 804 Baking Gum.
		The Capricorn Excel Printing Plate can be exposed with standard metal-halide lamps.
		After baking re-gum with Multigum or 850S Finisher Gum.
	www.kpgraphics.com /eur/products/plates/conv_offset/capricorn_excel.html (449 words)

	Western Philatelic Library Tear Sheets
		167 US 1861-67 Stamps Production Varieties of Printing and Perforation.
		421 The New York Postmaster�s Provisional; A review of this stamp and its Catalog Listings.
		Production and Quantities of the 2 Cent Confederate Stamps.
	www.pbbook.com /tearshtsus.htm (449 words)

	Gum Arabic (Acacia)
		USES: Gum Arabic is used in adhesives, cosmetics, textile printing, pharmaceuticals, confectionery products and in the pyrotechnic industry as a binder.
		No agent, representative or employee of this company is authorized to vary any terms of this notice.
		Since no exposure limits have been established by OSHA and ACGIH, we recommend that our product be treated as a nuisance dust 15mg/m
	www.researchbiochemicals.com /guma_d.html (449 words)

	Guar Gum Exporters,Guar Gum Suppliers,Guar Gum Manufactuers,Guar Powder Supplier,Gum Powder Exporter,Guar Gum Supplier,Guar Gum Exporter
		Manufacturers and exporters of guar gum, tamrind seed powder, printing gums, derived guar polymers, disperse printing gum, discharge printing gum, direct printing gum, food gum, paper gum and all grades of guar synthetic gum.
		Exporters of guar gum, gum accacia, gum arabic and gum tragacanth.
		Engaged in supplying of guar gum in the form of guar gum powder, guar gum paste, natural guar gum and guar gum split widely used in industrial and food applications.
	dir.indiamart.com /indianexporters/guar-gum.html (2216 words)

	3CG
		When I first began using cyanotype as a color with gum, it was because tri-color gum and tri-color casein were causing many problems: one was staining, and another was the graininess/ mottling that appeared after a few coats of gum.
		After my initial experience of using cyanotype with gum sometime around 1990, the advantages were so obvious that I have been using this combination ever since.
		Apparently records of this kind of this combination can be traced back to the early years of the 20th century though I have never seen any of the prints - actually I have hardly ever seen any historical tri-color gum.
	unblinkingeye.com /Articles/3CG/3cg.html (2648 words)

	Thayer Pigments
		The pigment mixed with gum to printing strength wiped away cleanly in both conditions (the bits of color remaining are not from stain, but from sloppy wiping) but the paint that wasn't mixed with additional gum stained badly, as the swatches on the right show clearly..
		All pigments in gum printing "lift." at printing strength, as an important feature of the process is that when the dried and exposed print is put in water, the pigment lifts off of areas where the gum is soluble.
		Dry pigment is perhaps the better way to go for a serious worker, as you know what pigment you've got to start with; you are in complete control of the pigment and of what is added to it along the way.
	www.pacifier.com /~kthayer/html/pigment.html (4051 words)

	Belgium Postage Stamps 1849-1870
		Designer: - ; Printer: ; Type: - ; Size: - ; Arrangement: ; Paper: -; Perforation: 15; Watermark: Unwatermarked; Gum: - ; Color and Printing Method: Multicolored Lithography; Quantity: - ; Tagging: - ; Marginal Markings:
		Designer: - ; Printer: ; Type: - ; Size: - ; Arrangement: ; Paper: -; Perforation: Imperforate; Watermark: Unwatermarked; Gum: - ; Color and Printing Method: Multicolored Lithography; Quantity: - ; Tagging: - ; Marginal Markings:
		Designer: - ; Printer: ; Type: - ; Size: - ; Arrangement: ; Paper: -; Perforation: 14; Watermark: Unwatermarked; Gum: - ; Color and Printing Method: Multicolored Lithography; Quantity: - ; Tagging: - ; Marginal Markings:
	www.interests.com /philately/belgium_1849.htm (4051 words)

	US Sanctions Against the Sudan
		Gum arabic is also used in the newspaper and magazine printing process, allowing ink to better stick to the paper while keeping it from smearing, as well as protecting the printing plates from oxidation.
		However, because Sudanese gum arabic is considered to have the highest quality, it's exports comprise 70 to 90 percent of the total market.
		Gum arabic, a derivative of the acacia tree, is an important ingredient in various products ranging from soda and candy to pharmaceuticals.
	www.american.edu /projects/mandala/TED/gumarab.htm (4051 words)

	usa1901
		Designer: - ; Printer: Bureau of Printing and Engraving; Type: - ; Size: - ; Arrangement: ; Paper: - ; Perforation: ; Watermark: - ; Gum: - ; Color and Printing Method: Engraved; Quantity: - ; Tagging: - ; Marginal Markings:
		Designer: - ; Printer: Bureau of Printing and Engraving; Type: - ; Size: - ; Arrangement: ; Paper: - ; Perforation: 11; Watermark: - ; Gum: - ; Color and Printing Method: Engraved; Quantity: - ; Tagging: - ; Marginal Markings:
		This is part of the Washington-Franklin Series - see Type Chart
	www.philately.com /philately/usa_1901.htm (4051 words)

	afrol News: Desert encroachment fought with cash crop in Nigeria
		Ravi Aulakh, USAID development officer, told Bukar Ibrahim, Governor of neighbouring State of Yobe during a visit, that the agency had fashioned programmes to explore areas of partnership in implementing AGOA, one of which is producing, processing, exporting and marketing Nigeria's Gum Arabic.
		Misanet.com / IPS, 20 February - Nigeria's Jigawa State, in collaboration with the United States, has launched a programme to harness the potentials of Gum Arabic to reduce poverty and fight desert encroachment in northern Nigeria.
		It acts as an emulsifier, flavouring agent and thickener in both food and pharmaceutical, it is also used in the newspaper and magazine printing process, allowing ink to stick better to the paper while keeping it from smearing as well as protecting the printing plates from oxidation.
	www.afrol.com /News2002/nig007_gum_arabic.htm (4051 words)

	Silkscreen screenprint artshop
		As is the case in all printing methods, in silkscreen printing, too, the artist needs a new printing forme, ie a new screen, for every new ink he applies.
		Silkscreen printing is the most recent printing method.
		The artist inks this screen (with pencils, a brush or a sprayer) with gum arabic, glue or cellulose varnish.
	the-artists.org /graphics/screenprint.cfm (4051 words)

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In the News (Fri 1 Jan 10)