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Topic: Gummosis

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	Sap (plant) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sap exuding (gummosis) from the stem of a koa tree, probably in response to surface damage
		Sap is the fluid carried in tubules inside a plant, circulating to distribute food and water to various parts of the plant.
		Gummosis is the formation of patches of a gummy substance on the surface of certain plants, particularly trees.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sap_(plant) (347 words)

	Fosphite Research
		It was also tested against root rot on citrus seedlings, as a soil drench, and against gummosis disease on lemon trees as a foliar spraying.
		Citrus gummosis is considered one of the most important fungal diseases causing considerable yield losses.
		parasitica) are responsible for the gummosis disease in citrus.
	www.jhbiotech.com /research/fosphite_res_DM_Egypt.htm (2048 words)

	Fusarium in Tulips
		Gummosis is more commonly expressed in tulips exposed to ethylene shortly after digging, that is, in mid- to late July.
		For example, certain tulip cultivars may exhibit gummosis upon ethylene exposure but are somewhat immune to flower abortion from the same ethylene.
		Thus, the presence of gummosis in a cultivar in a shipment only indicates that that cultivar was exposed to ethylene (which probably occurred well before shipment), but it does not specifically indicate that the entire shipment was exposed, nor does it specifically mean that the affected bulbs will show problems upon forcing.
	www.gpnmag.com /gpn/index.cfm/powergrid/rfah=\|cfap=/CFID/990184/CFTOKEN/54211770/fuseaction/showArticle/articleID/3493 (1121 words)

	Ch23
		The tree was, however, affected by phytophthora gummosis and this is probably the reason for the stubborn-like symptoms.
		Cases of phytophthora gummosis are numerous in the Sudan and are invariably due to the inadequate horticultural practices mentioned above.
		Phytophthora gummosis, like all other fungal diseases, is not graft-transmissible but it is a very serious disease as the tree will die as soon as the bark lesions caused by the fungus have girdled the trunk.
	www.fao.org /docrep/u5000e/U5000E0n.htm (5462 words)

	Two Phytophthora's To Worry About (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		In addition to damaging feeder roots, it also causes brown rot of the fruit and gummosis.
		For control of phytophthora root rot and gummosis, the first step is the use of resistant rootstocks followed by proper water management.
		Aliette and Ridomil are two fungicides registered for the control of phytophthora root rot and gummosis in citrus.
	ceventura.ucdavis.edu /ben/citrus/disease/two_phytophthora.htm (403 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Relative Susceptibility of Peach Cultivars to Fungal Gummosis (Botryosphaeria Dothidea)
		Citation: Beckman, T.G., Reilly, C.C. Relative Susceptibility of Peach Cultivars to Fungal Gummosis (Botryosphaeria Dothidea).
		Interpretive Summary: Peach fungal gummosis is a debilitating foliar disease affecting many plant species including peach.
		A trellis-mister system that had been proven effective in providing high, uniform fungal gummosis inoculum pressure was utilized to determine the relative susceptible of 25 commercially important peach varieties.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=144651&pf=1 (419 words)

	[Arid_gardener] Gummosis on Grapefruit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		One possibility is Rio Grande gummosis, so named because the disease was first described on grapefruit in Texas near the Rio Grande River.
		Psorosis bark lesions differ from those of Rio Grande gummosis in that Rio Grande gummosis lesions exude more gum and no extensive callus is formed under the bark that is sloughed.
		This is a fungal disease that invades damaged bark tissue and causes branches to wilt and die.
	ag.arizona.edu /maricopa/garden/old_archives/arid_gardener/2000-November/003324.html (468 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Impact of Fungal Gummosis on Peach Trees
		Following cessation of fungicide treatments after the first 4 growing seasons, disease severity slowly increased in even the best fungicide treatment tested which indicates that a disease management program will likely be required throughout the lifetime of an orchard in order to achieve optimal performance.
		Technical Abstract: Peach tree fungal gummosis caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea [(Moug.;Fr.) Cos & de Not] is widespread throughout the southeastern United States.
		Significant, though not total, suppression of gummosis on 'Summergold' peach trees was achieved with an intensive 4-year spray program with Captafol.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/Publications.htm?seq_no_115=157718 (308 words)

	Budwood Definitions, DPI - FDACS
		A disease of unknown etiology characterized by bark cracks and gumming of scions.
		This disease is called Rio Grande gummosis in Texas and ferment gum disease in California.
		A citrus tree owned and maintained by the department in accordance with 5B-60.008 that is used for horticultural evaluation and to provide a source of budwood to nurserymen, primarily for establishing scion and increase trees.
	www.doacs.state.fl.us /pi/budwood/definitions.html (1119 words)

	Electronic Code of Federal Regulations: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Any inspector is authorized to stop and inspect persons and means of conveyance, and to hold, seize, quarantine, treat, apply other remedial measures to, destroy, or otherwise dispose of plants, plant pests, or other articles in accordance with sections 414, 421, and 434 of the Plant Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 7714, 7731, and 7754).
		Regulations concerning the movement of gummosis bacteria and leaf scald bacteria in interstate or foreign commerce are contained in part 330 of this chapter.
		This means leaf scald disease with respect to activities in Hawaii, and means gummosis disease or leaf scald disease with respect to activities in Puerto Rico.
	ecfr.gpoaccess.gov /cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=ecfr&sid=e9739df1a130f813f6c77aa15d673c59&rgn=div6&view=text&node=7:5.1.1.1.2.17&idno=7 (2598 words)

	New Disease Reports - First report of Phytophthora boehmeriae on black wattle in Brazil
		The gummosis complex, which has Phytophthora nicotianae as one of the causal agents, is the main disease of fl wattle in Brazil and is characterised by lesions at the trunk base with gum exudation (Dos Santos et al., 2005).
		Different symptoms were observed in plantations at the municipality of Piratini, RS (southern Brazil) and were characterised by dark lesions without gum exudation on trunks of 3- to 4-year-old wattle trees up to 10 m height (Fig.
		boehmeriae was reported as one of the causal agents of the gummosis complex on fl wattle in South Africa (TPCP, 2004) and is of quarantine importance for the citrus industry in Brazil.
	www.bspp.org.uk /ndr/july2006/2006-31.asp (513 words)

	NOW IS THE TIME (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		At the last meeting there was a question about gummosis (also called bacterial canker, twig-blight, dieback, spur blight and blossom blast).
		A brief synopsis I found on the Internet says: "Gummosis is the oozing of sap from wounds or cankers on stone fruit trees.
		Gummosis can result from environmental stress, mechanical injury, or disease and insect infestation..
	home.att.net /~oc_crfg/eunice-dec03.htm (510 words)

	Mango Dieback and Gummosis in Sindh, Pakistan Caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae
		Mango Dieback and Gummosis in Sindh, Pakistan Caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae
		It clearly indicated that the decline and gummosis is caused by L.
		It was interesting to note that the symptoms appeared early and more prominently in stem inoculated plants as compared to root inoculated plants.
	www.plantmanagementnetwork.org /pub/php/diagnosticguide/2004/mango (1194 words)

	Ch22
		In Somalia, Rio Grande gummosis is widespread throughout the Mogadishu region from Giohar to Goluin.
		There seems to be a correlation between the appearance of the first symptoms of Rio Grande gummosis and the year when the grapefruit trees are pruned for the first time indeed, it has been pointed out by several citrus growers that the disease shows up soon after the trees have been first pruned.
		Phytophthora gummosis is essentially a disease of the hark; though a thin layer of wood under the affected bark may be stained brown: The entire bark is affected by the fungus, not only the outer layer as in Rio Grande gummosis or scaly bark psorosis.
	www.fao.org /docrep/u5000e/U5000E0m.htm (6050 words)

	GUMMOSIS OF TULIP BULBS CAUSED BY ETHYLENE
		Gummosis of tulip bulbs was evaluated on the basis of the total area of the gum blisters formed.
		Very small quantities of ethylene proved to be able to cause gummosis.
		The gummosis process appeared to be temperature dependent.
	www.actahort.org /books/23/23_26.htm (105 words)

	UC IPM: UC Management Guidelines for Phytophthora Gummosis on Citrus
		An early symptom of Phytophthora gummosis is sap oozing from small cracks in the infected bark, giving the tree a bleeding appearance.
		Management of Phytophthora gummosis focuses on preventing conditions favorable for infection and disease development.
		Late stages of Phytophthora gummosis are distinct, but early symptoms are often difficult to recognize.
	www.ipm.ucdavis.edu /PMG/r107100411.html (809 words)

	gum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Gummosis is when a tree exudes sap in a gummy form.
		This may indicate a canker or borer, however gummosis is a non-specific response.
		There is nothing to be done except ensure vigor of your tree through good horticultural practices.
	www.paflora.org /plantclinic/gum.htm (67 words)

	Cherry, Peach and Pear Bacterial Canker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Bacterial canker, also known as bacterial blast and bacterial gummosis, attacks species of Prunus and Pyrus.
		Bacterial gummosis or bacterial canker of stone fruits, caused by Pseudomonas syringae, has recently become more severe in eastern Washington.
		It usually occurs as enlarging lesions or cankers on trunks and scaffolds of young, vigorous trees, especially sweet cherry.
	fruit.wsu.edu /Diseases/bacterialcanker.htm (672 words)

	Hispidus Canker Decay of Hardwoods
		Several applications may be necessary to protect the new growth from disease inoculum.
		Gummosis is caused by bacteria (Pseudomonas syringae) and is common on various fruit and nut trees as well as flowering cherry.
		There is no control for stem infections but branches infected with gummosis can be pruned.
	www.forestpests.org /gfcfacts/hardwoodcanker.html (1138 words)

	Biocontrol Agents against Alien Invasive Plants in Fynbos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		When older hakea plants are infected they develop lesions on their stems and branches, from which a colourless gum oozes (fig.
		The fungus kills the bark around the lesions and, if the base of the main stem is infected, the fungus may girdle the stem, resulting in the death of the tree.
		Hakea trees killed by the gummosis fungus (all three on the slope are hakeas; the brown patches among them indicate dead trees).
	www.arc.agric.za /v-arcroot/institutes/ppri/main/divisions/weedsdiv/fynboselectronic/protea4.htm (179 words)

	Cytospora Canker Gummosis Cytospora leucostoma Colorado State University Cooperative Extension Tri River Area
		The disease caused by Leucostoma persoonii is referred to as Cytospora canker, Valsa canker and perennial canker.
		Local orchardists refer to this problem as `gummosis' "(1) due to the characteristic gum that oozes from infected peach trees.
		(1) Gummosis is typically used to refer to gum produced by a tree or shrubs due to environmental conditions, not due to a pathogen such as Leucostoma persoonii.
	www.coopext.colostate.edu /TRA/PLANTS/gummosis.html (1292 words)

	Infection may plague citrus tree
		Answer: It sounds like your tree has a problem with gummosis, a fungal infection characterized by a brown gummy sap oozing from the trunk or branches.
		The ideal situation is for the ground around the trunk to slope away from the trunk to prevent standing water.
		You can try treating gummosis with a Bordeaux mixture, which is painted on the infected area.
	www.azcentral.com /arizonarepublic/home/articles/1015swgarden1015.html (389 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Larvae: Larvae tunnel into the roots and lower trunk of plants, such that small caliper trees are frequently killed by their girdling activity in one or two years.
		Larger trees exhibit dieback of branches and gummosis with frass at the root crown.
		Traps: A pheremone trap may be hung in May to detect the first emergence of males, although most adults do not emerge until early June in Minnesota (when mock orange is blooming and most blooms on bridal veil spirea are brown).
	www.entomology.umn.edu /cues/dx/vk/peachtab.htm (281 words)

	Plant Pathology Fact Sheets -- Fruit Pathology
		The disease can occur on all stone fruit and is known as gummosis, blossom blast, spur and twig blight, sour sap, and dieback.
		Gumming is common on stone fruit trees, whether on trunks, limbs, twigs, or fruit when injuries occur.
		Thus, the name gummosis does not define a cause, only a response.
	fpath.cas.psu.edu /Fruit_facts/stonefrt/bacanker.html (647 words)

	Search for products to control Gummosis (larvae) based upon pesticides registered in various states to control Gummosis ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Gummosis (larvae) is a 'pest' (an unwanted organism) that can be controlled through the use of pesticides.
		Pesticides, such as products to control Gummosis (larvae), are regulated by State Departments of Agriculture.
		To find all products ever registered at EPA to control Gummosis (larvae): www.kellysolutions.com/epadata (login as username: 'Guest' and password: 'Guest' - your results will be limited to 5 items).
	www.kellysolutions.com /searchpests/Gummosis.htm (421 words)

	GENOME MAPPING TO FACILITATE PEST-TOLERANT CITRUS CULTIVAR DEVELOPMENT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Several markers that map close to a gene for resistance to citrus tristeza virus were identified, including one that shows cosegregation.
		The mapping population was screened for resistance to gummosis caused by PHYTOPHTHORA CITROPHTHORA.
		About 40% of the plants were classed as resistant, 40% susceptible, and 20% intermediate, but the error rate in scoring this trait is probably fairly high and additional evaluation will be necessary before gummosis resistance can be accurately mapped.
	www.nal.usda.gov /pgdic/pggrantinfo/1992/9159394.html (407 words)

	Sun, heat, gummosis damage citrus bark
		Ideally, the branches and leaves should hang to the ground.
		Gummosis, a fungal disease caused by excessive moisture, and small red ants that pierce the wood in search of sap also can cause cracked bark.
		Gummosis is treated with a Bordeaux mixture, which is painted on the infected area.
	www.azcentral.com /home/garden/articles/0529southwestgarden29.html (468 words)

	Texas Citrus - Fungal Diseases and Nematodes
		Several factors such as freeze damage, high water table and salt accumulation contribute to the disease.
		Gummosis is believed to be a condition of weak and injured trees and is reported to be infectious.
		Foot rot, also known as brown rot gummosis, is caused by one or more species of the fungus Phytophthora.
	aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu /citrus/l2313.htm (1068 words)

	Search for products to control Phytophthora Gummosis based upon pesticides registered in various states to control ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Phytophthora Gummosis is a 'pest' (an unwanted organism) that can be controlled through the use of pesticides.
		Pesticides, such as products to control Phytophthora Gummosis, are regulated by State Departments of Agriculture.
		To find all products ever registered at EPA to control Phytophthora Gummosis: www.kellysolutions.com/epadata (login as username: 'Guest' and password: 'Guest' - your results will be limited to 5 items).
	www.kellysolutions.com /searchpests/Phytophthora_Gummosis.htm (421 words)

	Cambium miners' effect on standing cherry
		Traumatic means from the result of injury or wound; in the case of cherry, that means cambium miners.
		"Lysigenous" canals are those formed as the result of disintegration (gummosis) of the cell walls.
		Her tree has gummosis and I suggested spraying the tree with Lindane.
	www.woodweb.com /knowledge_base/Cambium_miners_effect_on_standing_cherry.html (800 words)

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